Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-phase microextraction by solidifying L-menthol-decanoic acid hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for detection of five fungicides in fruit juices and tea drinks.

ABSTRACT

An ecofriendly and efficient ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents dispersive liquid-phase microextraction by solidifying the deep eutectic solvents-rich phase was developed to determine azoxystrobin, fludioxonil, epoxiconazole, cyprodinil, and prochloraz in fruit juices and tea drinks by high-performance liquid chromatography. A varieties of environmental hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents serving as extraction agents were prepared using L-menthol and decanoic acid as hydrogen-bond acceptor and hydrogen-bond donor, respectively. The deep eutectic solvents were ultrasonically dispersed in sample solutions, solidified in a freezer and easily harvested. The main variables were optimized by one-factor-at-a-time and response surface test. The new method performs well with relative recovery of 71.75-109.40%, linear range of 2.5-5000 µg/L (r ≥ 0.9968), detection limit of 0.75-8.45 µg/L, quantification limit of 2.5-25 µg/L,, and inter- and intraday relative standard deviations below 13.53 and 14.84%, respectively. As for the extraction mechanism, deep eutectic solvents were disposed into many fine particles in the solution and captured the analytes based on the changes of particle size and quantity in deep eutectic solvents droplets after extraction. The environmental method can successfully detect fungicide residues in real fruit juices and tea drinks.