Overcoming the Pregnane X Receptor Liability: Rational Design to Eliminate PXR-Mediated CYP Induction.
ACS Med Chem Lett
; 12(9): 1396-1404, 2021 Sep 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34531948
ABSTRACT
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) regulates expression of proteins responsible for all three phases required for the detoxification mechanism, which include CYP450 enzymes, phase II enzymes, and multidrug efflux pumps. Therefore, PXR is a prominent receptor that is responsible for xenobiotic excretion and drug-drug interactions. Pyrimidinone 1 is an antagonist of the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) and a strong activator of PXR. Repeat oral administration revealed diminished exposures over time, which prohibited further progression. A medicinal chemistry campaign was initiated to understand and abolish activation of PXR in order to increase systemic exposures. Rational structure-activity relationship investigations utilizing cocrystal structures and a de novo pharmacophore model resulted in compounds devoid of PXR activation. These studies culminated in the first orally active CaSR antagonist 8 suitable for progression. Cocrystallography, the pharmacophore model employed, and additional observations reported herein supported rational elimination of PXR activation and have applicability across diverse chemical classes to help erase PXR-driven drug-drug interactions.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
ACS Med Chem Lett
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article