Synthesis of truncated octahedral zinc-doped manganese hexacyanoferrates and low-temperature calcination activation for lithium-ion battery.

ABSTRACT

Owing to their open three-dimensional framework structure, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have attracted increasing interest as anode materials for future lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, some disadvantages, such as inferior stability and short cycle life, hinder its utilization significantly. Hence, we develop a simple method to prepare a unique truncated octahedral ZnMnFe-PBA with exposed {111} crystal facets. The doping of Zn into Mn-based PBA enhances structural stability and improves the electronic conductivity. Meanwhile, low-temperature calcination not only improves the electrochemical activity but also preserves the porosity to enable mass transfer. When the ratio of MnZn is 9010 and the calcination temperature is 100 °C, sample Z10-100 displays high capacity and excellent cycle life (∼510.6 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, 168.9 mA h g-1 after 5000 cycles at 1.0 A g-1 with 99.9% capacity retention). The significant improvements in cycle stability and cycle life are attributable to transition metal ion doping and effective low-temperature calcination activation, which provide a facile approach for the synthesis of low-cost and efficient electrode materials.