Coronavirus Usurps the Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway and Induces Membranes Rearrangement for Infection and Pathogenesis.
Front Microbiol
; 13: 846543, 2022.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35308399
ABSTRACT
Autophagy is a crucial and conserved homeostatic mechanism for early defense against viral infections. Recent studies indicate that coronaviruses (CoVs) have evolved various strategies to evade the autophagy-lysosome pathway. In this minireview, we describe the source of double-membrane vesicles during CoV infection, which creates a microenvironment that promotes viral RNA replication and virion synthesis and protects the viral genome from detection by the host. Firstly, CoVs hijack autophagy initiation through non-structural proteins and open-reading frames, leading to the use of non-nucleated phagophores and omegasomes for autophagy-derived double-membrane vesicles. Contrastingly, membrane rearrangement by hijacking ER-associated degradation machinery to form ER-derived double-membrane vesicles independent from the typical autophagy process is another important routine for the production of double-membrane vesicles. Furthermore, we summarize the molecular mechanisms by which CoV non-structural proteins and open-reading frames are used to intercept autophagic flux and thereby evade host clearance and innate immunity. A comprehensive understanding of the above mechanisms may contribute to developing novel therapies and clinical drugs against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the future.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Front Microbiol
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article