Monoclonal antibodies used for the management of hemataological disorders.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Monoclonal antibodies Ab (MoAb) are increasingly becoming part of therapeutic armamentarium for haematologists and haemato-oncologists. This review brings together commonly used antibodies in one place for brevity and novel understanding. AREAS COVERED Pubmed and Scopus databases were explored focusing on MoAb in clinical haematological practice. Emphasis was given to current review articles. The data base was searched from 1997 till present. 24 different antibodies, most of which are in use were discussed. Antibodies are used for diverse conditions i.e. malignant and benign haematological conditions, treatment at various phases of stem cell transplantation. These antibodies were used both alone or in combination with various chemotherapy, targeted small molecules or as immunoconjugates. Some of the side effect profiles of these antibodies were common and some were unique. Unusual infections or organ dysfunctions were noted. Improved function of antibodies by protein engineering is also advancing rapidly. Dosage, frequency and route of administration depended on the convenience and condition for which the antibody is used. EXPERT OPINION MoAbs are increasingly used in haematology practice either alone or in combination with other types of therapy for improved out come in various haematological conditions.

Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies produced on an industrial scale in vitro. These are proteins that are directed against many macromolecules in our body which have a pathogenic role in causing different diseases. By producing these antibodies in a large amount on an industrial scale and modifying them for better action by molecular engineering, a large portfolio of therapeutic antibodies has been produced. A large number of monoclonal antibodies are used in hematological practice. Some familiarity with them and their usage are required for all hematologists even if it is outside their own day-to-day practice and expertise. Moreover, how modern biotechnology and antibody engineering technology are changing the facet of this therapy is also worthy of understanding. The present review encapsulates this area of advancing application and research.