Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis fingerprinting of Listeria monocytogenes isolates recovered from foods of animal origin and fishes in North-Eastern India.

L isteria monocytogenes is a pathogen of great concern to the food industry. The present study was aimed to explore the clonal relationships amongst L. monocytogenes strains isolated from foods of animal origin (milk, beef, chevon (goat meat), pork and chicken) and fish. Forty-seven L. monocytogenes strains were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The PFGE analysis using ApaI and AscI enzymes revealed 37 pulsotypes, with Simpson's discriminatory index of 0.987. This study demonstrated the presence of a few similar L. monocytogenes pulsotypes in different foods of animal origin in different places and years of isolation and this indicates that some L. monocytogenes subtypes may be ubiquitous which are acclimatizing and persisting in different foods of animal origin. This also emphasizes the importance of cross-contamination in local wet markets. Thus, the understanding of genetic diversity will contribute to the development of rational and workable strategies to control this important zoonotic infection.