Bacteriological profile of wound swab and their antibiogram pattern in a tertiary care hospital, Saudi Arabia.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the microbial profile of wound infection and their antibiogram pattern. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah Saudi Arabia between December 2021 and July 2022 comprising data related to demographic, microbial profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of wound infection-suspected cases. RESULTS: A total of 305 wound swabs were collected; of which 56.1% showed microbial growth. Among 187 microbial isolates, 62% were gram-negative bacteria, 30.5% were gram-positive bacteria and 7.5% were fungi. Staphylococcus aureus was the prevailing isolates 17.1%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, each with 13.9% and Escherichia coli with 12.8 %. Providencia sp with 0.1% was the least isolated bacteria. Out of 173 bacterial isolates, 46.8% were sensitive to antimicrobial agents tested, while 53.2% were resistant to one and more drug tested. Of these isolates, 22% were found to be the MDR bacteria. The highest MDR percentages was noted among Acinetobacter baumannii (70%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (53.9%), Escherichia coli (25%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.2%) and the least by (12.5%) by Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSION: The microbial isolation rates from wound infection was high, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most prevalent. Considerable antimicrobial resistance rate to the commonly used antibiotics was discovered. Thus, regular monitoring of microbial profile and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in the study region in attempt to contain antimicrobial resistance is highly recommended.