Viral dynamics with immune responses: effects of distributed delays and Filippov antiretroviral therapy.
J Math Biol
; 86(3): 37, 2023 01 25.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36695964
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we propose a general viral infection model to incorporate two infection modes (virus-to-cell mode and cell-to-cell mode), the CTL immune response, and the distributed intracellular delays during the processes of viral infection, viral production, and CTLs recruitment. We investigate the existence, the uniqueness, and the global stability of three equilibria infection-free equilibrium [Formula see text], immune-inactivated equilibrium [Formula see text] and immune-activated equilibrium [Formula see text], respectively. We prove that the viral dynamics are determined by two threshold parameters the basic reproduction number for infection [Formula see text] and the basic reproduction number for immune response [Formula see text]. We also numerically explore the viral dynamics beyond stability. We use bifurcation diagrams to show that increasing the delay in CTL immune cell recruitment can induce a switch in viral load from a stable constant level to sustained oscillations, and then back to a stable equilibrium. We also compare the contributions of the two infection modes to the total infection level and identify the key parameters that would affect the percentages of virus-to-cell infection and cell-to-cell infection. Finally, we explore how Filippov control can be applied in antiretroviral therapy to reduce the viral loads.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
2_ODS3
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Viroses
/
Infecções por HIV
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Math Biol
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article