Moral injury and mental health among health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: meta-analysis.
Eur J Psychotraumatol
; 15(1): 2299659, 2023.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38189775
ABSTRACT
Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, health-care workers (HCWs) may have been confronted with situations that may culminate in moral injury (MI). MI is the psychological distress that may result from perpetrating or witnessing actions that violate one's moral codes. Literature suggests that MI can be associated with mental health problems.Objective:
We aimed to meta-analytically review the literature to investigate whether MI is associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, burnout, and suicidal ideation among active HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method:
We searched eight databases for studies conducted after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic up to 18 July 2023, and performed random-effects meta-analyses to examine the relationship between MI and various mental health outcomes.Results:
We retrieved 33 studies from 13 countries, representing 31,849 individuals, and pooled 79 effect sizes. We found a positive association between MI and all investigated mental health problems (rs = .30-.41, all ps < .0001). Between-studies heterogeneity was significant. A higher percentage of nurses in the samples was associated with a stronger relationship between MI and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Samples with a higher percentage of HCWs providing direct care to patients with COVID-19 exhibited a smaller effect between MI and depressive and anxiety symptoms. We observed a stronger effect between MI and PTSD symptoms in US samples compared to non-US samples.Conclusion:
We found that higher MI is moderately associated with symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, burnout, and suicidal ideation among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings carry limitations due to the array of MI scales employed, several of which were not specifically designed for HCWs, but underscore the need to mitigate the effect of potentially morally injurious events on the mental health of HCWs.
We conducted the first meta-analysis of moral injury and mental health among healthcare workers.Moral injury is moderately associated with symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, burnout, and suicidal ideation.There was a stronger association between MI and anxiety and depressive symptoms for samples with more nurses.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
4_TD
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos
/
Angústia Psicológica
/
COVID-19
/
Princípios Morais
Tipo de estudo:
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Eur J Psychotraumatol
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article