Breakthrough infections by SARS-CoV-2 variants boost cross-reactive hybrid immune responses in mRNA-vaccinated Golden Syrian hamsters.
PLoS Pathog
; 20(1): e1011805, 2024 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38198521
ABSTRACT
Hybrid immunity (vaccination + natural infection) to SARS-CoV-2 provides superior protection to re-infection. We performed immune profiling studies during breakthrough infections in mRNA-vaccinated hamsters to evaluate hybrid immunity induction. The mRNA vaccine, BNT162b2, was dosed to induce binding antibody titers against ancestral spike, but inefficient serum virus neutralization of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 or variants of concern (VoCs). Vaccination reduced morbidity and controlled lung virus titers for ancestral virus and Alpha but allowed breakthrough infections in Beta, Delta and Mu-challenged hamsters. Vaccination primed for T cell responses that were boosted by infection. Infection back-boosted neutralizing antibody responses against ancestral virus and VoCs. Hybrid immunity resulted in more cross-reactive sera, reflected by smaller antigenic cartography distances. Transcriptomics post-infection reflects both vaccination status and disease course and suggests a role for interstitial macrophages in vaccine-mediated protection. Therefore, protection by vaccination, even in the absence of high titers of neutralizing antibodies in the serum, correlates with recall of broadly reactive B- and T-cell responses.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
1_ASSA2030
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2_ODS3
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4_TD
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
PLoS Pathog
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article