[Speech discrimination with separated signal sources and sound localization with speech stimuli : Learning effects and reproducibility]. / Verstehen im Störschall mit räumlich getrennten Signalquellen und Richtungshören mit Sprachstimuli : Lerneffekte und Reproduzierbarkeit.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Binaural hearing enables better speech comprehension in noisy environments and is necessary for acoustic spatial orientation. This study investigates speech discrimination in noise with separated signal sources and measures sound localization. The aim was to study characteristics and reproducibility of two selected measurement techniques which seem to be suitable for description of the aforementioned aspects of binaural hearing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Speech reception thresholds (SRT) in noise and test-retest reliability were collected from 55 normal-hearing adults for a spatial setup of loudspeakers with angles of ±â€¯45° and ±â€¯90° using the Oldenburg sentence test. The investigations of sound localization were conducted in a semicircle and fullcircle setup (7 and 12 equidistant loudspeakers). RESULTS: SRT (S-45N45 -14.1 dB SNR; S45N-45 -16.4 dB SNR; S0N90 -13.1 dB SNR; S0N-90 -13.4 dB SNR) and test-retest reliability (4 to 6 dB SNR) were collected for speech intelligibility in noise with separated signals. The procedural learning effect for this setup could only be mitigated with 120 training sentences. Significantly smaller SRT values, resulting in better speech discrimination, were found for the test situation of the right compared to the left ear. RMS values could be gathered for sound localization in the semicircle (1,9°) as well as in the fullcircle setup (11,1°). Better results were obtained in the retest of the fullcircle setup. CONCLUSION: When using the Oldenburg sentence test in noise with spatially separated signals, it is mandatory to perform a training session of 120 sentences in order to minimize the procedural learning effect. Ear-specific SRT values for speech discrimination in noise with separated signal sources are required, which is probably due to the right-ear advantage. A training is recommended for sound localization in the fullcircle setup.