Functionalization of ß-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks with gelatin and glutamine for drug delivery of curcumin to cancerous cells.

ABSTRACT

Beta-cyclodextrin Metal-Organic Framework (ß-CD-MOF) is a unique class of porous materials that merges the inherent properties of cyclodextrins with the structural advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). When combined with the concept of MOFs, which are crystalline structures composed of metal ions or clusters linked by organic ligands, the resulting ß-CD-MOF holds immense potential for various applications, especially in the field of drug delivery. In this study, biocompatible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) synthesized using ß-Cyclodextrin (ß-CD) and potassium enabled drug delivery of curcumin (CCM) to cancerous cells. Functionalizing ß-CD-MOF with l-glutamine (glutamine-ß-CD-MOF) enhanced cancer cell-specific targeting due to glutamine's essential role in cancer cell proliferation and energy pathways. Amino group functionalization provided further functionalization opportunities. Gelatin coating (gelatin@ß-CD-MOF) facilitated controlled drug release in an acidic medium. High drug loading capacities (52.38-55.63 %) were achieved for ß-CD-MOF@CCM and glutamine-ß-CD-MOF@CCM, leveraging the high porosity and affinity of amine and phenol groups of curcumin. The MTT assay highlighted the specificity and differentiation of glutamine-ß-CD-MOF in targeting cancerous over normal cells. These functionalized ß-CD MOFs efficiently encapsulate curcumin, ensuring controlled drug release and enhanced therapeutic efficacy, particularly in cancer therapy.