Universal wing- and fin-beat frequency scaling.
PLoS One
; 19(6): e0303834, 2024.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38837960
ABSTRACT
We derive an equation that applies for the wing-beat frequency of flying animals and to the fin-stroke frequency of diving animals like penguins and whales. The equation states that the wing/fin-beat frequency is proportional to the square root of the animal's mass divided by the wing area. Data for birds, insects, bats, and even a robotic bird-supplemented by data for whales and penguins that must swim to stay submerged-show that the constant of proportionality is to a good approximation the same across all species; thus the equation is universal. The wing/fin-beat frequency equation is derived by dimensional analysis, which is a standard method of reasoning in physics. We finally demonstrate that a mathematically even simpler expression without the animal mass does not apply.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Asas de Animais
/
Voo Animal
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
PLoS One
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article