Association between low-carbohydrate-diet score, glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
; 34(9): 2143-2154, 2024 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38866607
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS:
Low-carbohydrate-diets (LCDs) are gaining popularity in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the impact of such diets on glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors is debated. This study aims to evaluate associations between low-carbohydrate intakes using LCD score with glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors (lipid profile) in adults with T1D or LADA in Québec, Canada. METHODS ANDRESULTS:
This is a cross-sectional study using data collected in the BETTER registry (02/2019 and 04/2021) including self-reported 24-h dietary recalls to calculate LCD scores, waist circumference, level-2 and level-3 hypoglycemic episodes and measured biochemical data (HbA1c, LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol). Participants were divided into quartiles (Q) based on LCD scores. Two hundred eighty-five adults (aged 48.2 ± 15.0 years; T1D duration 25.9 ± 16.2 years) were included. Categorical variables underwent Chi-squared/Fisher's Exact tests, while continuous variables underwent ANOVA tests. Mean carbohydrate intake ranged from 31.2 ± 6.9% (Q1) to 56.5 ± 6.8% (Q4) of total daily energy. Compared to Q4, more people in Q1 reported HbA1c ≤ 7% [≤53.0 mmol/mol] (Q1 53.4% vs. Q4 29.4%; P = 0.011). The same results were found in the models adjusted for age, sex and T1D duration. A greater proportion of participants in Q1 never experienced level-3 hypoglycemia compared to Q3 (Q1 60.0% vs. Q3 31.0%; P = 0.004). There were no differences across quartiles for frequency of level-2 hypoglycemia events and lipid profile (LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol).CONCLUSIONS:
Low-carbohydrate intakes are associated with higher probabilities of reaching HbA1c target and of never having experienced level-3 hypoglycemia. No associations with level-2 hypoglycemia frequency, nor cardiovascular risk factors were observed.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Glicemia
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Biomarcadores
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Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
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Dieta com Restrição de Carboidratos
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Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas
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Controle Glicêmico
Limite:
Adult
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Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article