Loss to follow-up and its predictors among children living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy, southern Oromia, Ethiopia: a 5-year retrospective cohort study.
BMJ Open
; 14(7): e078370, 2024 Jul 31.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39089715
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Loss to follow-up (LTFU) among paediatric patients living with HIV presents a significant challenge to the global scale-up of life-saving antiretroviral therapy (ART).OBJECTIVES:
This study aims to estimate LTFU incidence and its determinants among children with HIV on ART in Shashemene town public health institutions, Oromia, Ethiopia.DESIGN:
A retrospective cohort study from 1 January 2015 to 30 December 2020.SETTING:
This study was conducted in Shashemene town, Oromia, Ethiopia.PARTICIPANTS:
Medical records of 269 children receiving ART at health facilities in Shashemene town were included.METHODS:
Data from patients' medical records were collected using a standardised checklist. EpiData V.3.1 was employed for data entry, while Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) V.25 facilitated analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used for estimation of survival time. To measure association, adjusted HRs (AHRs) with 95% CIs were calculated. Both bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to identify predictors of LTFU.RESULTS:
Of the 269 children living with HIV included in the final analysis, 43 (16%) were lost to follow-up. The overall incidence rate of LTFU was 3.3 (95% CI 2.4 to 4.4) per 100 child-years of observation. Age less than 5 years (AHR 0.03, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.36), non-orphan status of the child (AHR 0.13, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.34), < 30 min distance to health facility (AHR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.73), disclosed HIV status (AHR 0. 32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.80), history of opportunistic infection (AHR 3.54, 95% CI 1.15 to 10.87) and low CD4 count (AHR 5.17, 95% CI 2.08 to 12.85) were significant predictors of LTFU.CONCLUSION:
The incidence rate of LTFU was lower compared with other studies in Ethiopia. This result indicated that age less than 5 years, non-orphans, low CD4, disclosed HIV status and distance from health facility were predictors of LTFU.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções por HIV
/
Perda de Seguimento
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
/
Humans
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Infant
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMJ Open
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article