Real-world accuracy of robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty and its impact on expedited recovery.

ABSTRACT

Despite total knee arthroplasty (TKA) being the gold standard for end-stage knee osteoarthritis, 20% of patients remain dissatisfied. Robotic-assisted arthroplasty promises unparalleled control of the accuracy of bone cuts, implant positioning, control of gap balance, and resultant hip-knee-ankle (HKA) axis. Patients underwent clinical and radiological assessments, including knee CT scans and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), preoperatively. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months post-operatively, with imaging repeated at 6 weeks. A total of 155 patients underwent robotic-assisted TKA and have completed 3 months of follow-up. Mean pre-operative HKA axis was 7.39 ± 5.52 degrees varus, improving to 1.34 ± 2.22 degrees varus post-operatively. Restoration of HKA axis was 0.76 ± 1.9 degrees from intra-operative planning (p < 0.0005). Implant placement accuracy in the coronal plane was 0.08 ± 1.36 degrees (p = 0.458) for the femoral component and 0.71 ± 1.3 degrees (p < 0.0005) for the tibial component. Rotational alignment mean deviation was 0.39 ± 1.49 degrees (p = 0.001). Most patients (98.1%) had ≤ 2 mm difference in extension-flexion gaps. PROM scores showed improvement and exceeded pre-operative scores by 6 weeks post-surgery. Robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty provides precise control over traditionally subjective factors, demonstrating excellent early post-operative outcomes.Level of evidence Prospective observational study-II.