Scavenging of Methylglyoxal by the Total Flavonoids of Apocyni Veneti Folium in Mice.

ABSTRACT

Scavenging MGO has been considered as an effective strategy for preventing atherosclerosis. A previous study showed that the total flavonoids of Apocyni Veneti Folium (TFAVF) had a significant antiatherosclerotic effect. However, there are no studies that have investigated the MGO scavenging capacities of TFAVF in mice. We found that TFAVF consisted mainly of quercetin glycosides and kaempferol glycosides using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). TFAVF was first demonstrated to effectively scavenge MGO in mice based on the formation of mono-MGO-quercetin, mono-MGO-dehydroquercetin, mono-MGO-isorhamnetin, mono-MGO-dehydroisorhamnetin, mono-MGO-kaempferol, and mono-MGO-dehydrokaempferol. In addition, one mono-MGO-quercetin was separated and purified, and its structure was elucidated as 8-MGO-quercetin based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and NMR data. Quantification studies have demonstrated that kaempferol, dehydrokaempferol, quercetin, dehydroquercetin, isorhamnetin, and dehydroisorhamnetin can dose dependently scavenge MGO in mice. Taken together, these results indicated that TFAVF showed a significant antiatherosclerotic effect, which might be based on MGO detoxification.