Evaluation of the prophylactic action of veterinary dental gel containing Aloe vera and green tea on calculus formation in dogs submitted to periodontal treatment / Avaliação da ação profilática de gel odontológico veterinárioa base de Aloe vera e chá verde na formação de cálculosdentários em cães submetidos a tratamento periodontal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of veterinary dental gel containing Aloe vera and green tea, with and without a water additive in preventing calculus formation in dogs after all animals were initially submitted to periodontal treatment. The preventive treatment was performed on 72 dogs, which 24 received treatment with the veterinary dental gel (G1), 24 received treatment with the gel associated with a water additive (G2), and 24 dogs did not receive any treatment (G3). The animals also were subdivided into three groups according to their diet. The gel was applied directly to the dogs' teeth and 500 ml of the additive was added to the water, three times a week. The animals' teeth were photographed every 30 days to observe the time of new deposition of dental calculus. The images were analyzed by MATLAB. The dogs in G1 showed average of new accumulation of dental calculus of 254.8 days, those in G2 also showed an average return of 258.6 days, and G3 showed an average return of 156.7 days. There was a statistical difference between G1 - G3 (p-value = 0,000007885) and G2 - G3 (p-value = 0,00004568). There was no statistical difference between the different food groups. We concluded that the gel used in this study, associated or not with the water additive, was effective in helping to maintain the dental health of the animals for a prolonged period after the surgical procedure to prevent the calculus return.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do gel odontológico veterinário contendo Aloe vera e chá verde, com e sem aditivo hídrico, na prevenção da formação de cálculos dentários em cães, após todos os animais terem sido inicialmente submetidos ao tratamento periodontal. O tratamento preventivo foi realizado em 72 cães, dos quais 24 receberam tratamento com o gel odontológico veterinário (G1), 24 receberam tratamento com o gel associado ao aditivo hídrico (G2) e 24 cães não receberam nenhum tratamento (G3). Os animais também foram subdivididos em três grupos de acordo com a dieta alimen-tar. O gel foi aplicado diretamente nos dentes dos cães e 500 ml do aditivo foram adicionados à água, três vezes por semana. Os dentes dos animais foram fotografados a cada 30 dias para observar o momento da nova deposição do cálculo dentário. As imagens foram analisadas pelo MATLAB. Os cães do G1 apresentaram média de novo acúmulo de cálculo dentário de 254,8 dias, os do G2 também apresentaram retorno médio de 258,6 dias, e o G3 apresentou retorno médio de 156,7 dias. Houve diferença estatística entre G1 - G3 (p-valor = 0,000007885) e G2 - G3 (p-valor = 0,00004568). Não houve diferença estatística entre os diferentes grupos de alimentos. Concluímos que o gel utilizado neste estudo, associado ou não ao aditivo hídrico, foi eficaz em auxiliar na manutenção da saúde bucal dos animais por um período prolongado após o procedimento cirúrgico para evitar o retorno do cálculo.(AU)

Hematological and biochemical evaluation of dogs undergoing treatment with veterinary dental gel for the reduction of plaque and dental calculus

Background: Periodontal disease affects a large proportion of dogs, causing both local and systemic symptoms. Severalstudies to identify alternative approaches for plaque reduction and removal have been conducted. Recently, Tropiclean FreshBreath Clean Teeth Gel was introduced as an adjuvant to aid in plaque and calculus removal. This product is formulatedusing Aloe vera, green tea, and mint; however, studies on the toxic potential of this product have not been performed yet.The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Tropiclean Fresh Breath Clean Teeth Gel product on hematologicaland biochemical profiles in dogs undergoing 90-day treatment with the product.Materials, Methods & Results: Per manufacturers’ recommendation, the product should be used daily for 30 consecutivedays, and subsequently, as maintenance at two to three times a week. In this study, 48 dogs with periodontal disease whoreceived prolonged daily treatment for 90 consecutive days underwent hematological and biochemical evaluation. Duringthe 90 days’ treatment duration, the animals were examined daily to identify the presence of adverse effects; and changesin halitosis were reported. At pre-treatment time-point, 5 mL of blood was collected via cephalic or jugular vein puncturein EDTA tubes for determining the complete blood count (CBC), and in tubes without EDTA for the urea, creatinine,and ALT levels; in addition, for comparison, blood was collected after 90 days’ treatment. At post-treatment time-point,the hematological and biochemical analyses showed significantly lower total leukocyte count as compared to that at pretreatment (P < 0.01); comprising lower neutrophil count as the cell type involved (P < 0.05). The other parameters showedno statistically significant differences, demonstrating an absence of the products’ effect in terms of alteration of theseprofiles...

Hematological and biochemical evaluation of dogs undergoing treatment with veterinary dental gel for the reduction of plaque and dental calculus

Background: Periodontal disease affects a large proportion of dogs, causing both local and systemic symptoms. Severalstudies to identify alternative approaches for plaque reduction and removal have been conducted. Recently, Tropiclean FreshBreath Clean Teeth Gel was introduced as an adjuvant to aid in plaque and calculus removal. This product is formulatedusing Aloe vera, green tea, and mint; however, studies on the toxic potential of this product have not been performed yet.The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Tropiclean Fresh Breath Clean Teeth Gel product on hematologicaland biochemical profiles in dogs undergoing 90-day treatment with the product.Materials, Methods & Results: Per manufacturers recommendation, the product should be used daily for 30 consecutivedays, and subsequently, as maintenance at two to three times a week. In this study, 48 dogs with periodontal disease whoreceived prolonged daily treatment for 90 consecutive days underwent hematological and biochemical evaluation. Duringthe 90 days treatment duration, the animals were examined daily to identify the presence of adverse effects; and changesin halitosis were reported. At pre-treatment time-point, 5 mL of blood was collected via cephalic or jugular vein puncturein EDTA tubes for determining the complete blood count (CBC), and in tubes without EDTA for the urea, creatinine,and ALT levels; in addition, for comparison, blood was collected after 90 days treatment. At post-treatment time-point,the hematological and biochemical analyses showed significantly lower total leukocyte count as compared to that at pretreatment (P < 0.01); comprising lower neutrophil count as the cell type involved (P < 0.05). The other parameters showedno statistically significant differences, demonstrating an absence of the products effect in terms of alteration of theseprofiles...(AU)

Occurrence of dental disorders in dogs

Background: The anatomy of the canine oral cavity and its variations should be understood to facilitate clinical and surgical approaches. Several conditions can be identified during inspection of the oral cavity, including persistent deciduous teeth, enamel hypoplasia, gingival retraction, tooth abrasion and mobility, absence of dental elements, and periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of dental disorders in dogs older than one year, from the microrregion Ilhéus - Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 74 dogs were evaluated immediately prior to surgical procedures for periodontal disease treatment. After visual inspection and examination with a millimeter probe, the dogs were classified into three groups according to the degree of periodontal disease. All other findings were recorded on an odontogram. Of the 74 dogs, 23 were classified as mild periodontal disease (mean age, 3.6 years), 26 as moderate periodontal disease (mean age, 5.7 years), and 25 as severe periodontal disease (mean age, 9.7 years). There was significant correlation (0.7 p ≤ 0.01) between age and severity of periodontal disease. Fifteen of the 74 dogs did not present any other dental disorder than periodontal disease. Of the remaining 59, nine showed a single dental problem, and 50 had more than one dental problem. Six dogs (of the breeds Pinscher, Yorkshire Terrier, and Lhasa Apso) had deciduous teeth. Of the nine deciduous teeth, all were canine (dental elements 104, 204, and 304). Ten dogs had dental fractures and of the 11 fractured teeth, three were canine (dental elements 104 and 404). Dental wear was observed in 25 dogs (154 teeth). Of the evaluated dogs, seven showed furcation defects and 10 had teeth mobility. Dental absence was observed in 47 dogs.[...]

Occurrence of dental disorders in dogs

Background: The anatomy of the canine oral cavity and its variations should be understood to facilitate clinical and surgical approaches. Several conditions can be identified during inspection of the oral cavity, including persistent deciduous teeth, enamel hypoplasia, gingival retraction, tooth abrasion and mobility, absence of dental elements, and periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of dental disorders in dogs older than one year, from the microrregion Ilhéus - Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 74 dogs were evaluated immediately prior to surgical procedures for periodontal disease treatment. After visual inspection and examination with a millimeter probe, the dogs were classified into three groups according to the degree of periodontal disease. All other findings were recorded on an odontogram. Of the 74 dogs, 23 were classified as mild periodontal disease (mean age, 3.6 years), 26 as moderate periodontal disease (mean age, 5.7 years), and 25 as severe periodontal disease (mean age, 9.7 years). There was significant correlation (0.7 p ≤ 0.01) between age and severity of periodontal disease. Fifteen of the 74 dogs did not present any other dental disorder than periodontal disease. Of the remaining 59, nine showed a single dental problem, and 50 had more than one dental problem. Six dogs (of the breeds Pinscher, Yorkshire Terrier, and Lhasa Apso) had deciduous teeth. Of the nine deciduous teeth, all were canine (dental elements 104, 204, and 304). Ten dogs had dental fractures and of the 11 fractured teeth, three were canine (dental elements 104 and 404). Dental wear was observed in 25 dogs (154 teeth). Of the evaluated dogs, seven showed furcation defects and 10 had teeth mobility. Dental absence was observed in 47 dogs.[...](AU)

Three cases of exclusively extragenital canine transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT)

Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT) is a neoplasia that affects mainly the genital organs of dogs, but can rich extragenital sites as well. It´s a tumor characterized microscopically by the presence of vacuolized round cells. Transmission occurs by implantation of these cells in non-affected tissues and the treatment is based on vincristine chemotherapy.Cases: Case 1. A 5-year-old intact male Poodle, presenting an increase volume of nasal plane came for veterinary care at a private veterinary clinic. The animal had bilateral bloody nasal secretion and dyspnea. The external genitalia had no alterations. The cytological evaluation confirmed cTVT. Treatment with vincristine sulfate weekly showed a rapid response with improvement of the respiratory condition, total remission of the mass and absence of neoplastic cells in cytology. Case 2. A 5-year-old mixed-breed canine bitch, weighing 6.7 kg, was brought to the State University of Santa Cruz Veterinary Hospital (UESC-VH), showing an increase volume in the nasal plan region, with complaints about sneezing, nasal bleeding, respiratory distress with approximately 4 months of evolution. The owner informed that the mother of these female dog, that lived in the same environment, died a month before the beginning of clinical signs of the bitch of this case, and showed a reddish vaginal mass with intense bleeding. Intranasal exfoliative cytology showed moderately cellular sample compatible with cTVT. The treatment with vincristine sulphate for 6 weeks, showed completely remission of all clinical signs. Case 3. A 3-year-old mixed-breed male dog was brought to the UESC-VH with a reddish, friable mass located in the left eye. The citology confirmed the clinical suspicion of cTVT. After six weekly sessions of chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate, the tumor regressed and a new cytological evaluation was performed, without visible of tumor cells.[...]

Three cases of exclusively extragenital canine transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT)

Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT) is a neoplasia that affects mainly the genital organs of dogs, but can rich extragenital sites as well. It´s a tumor characterized microscopically by the presence of vacuolized round cells. Transmission occurs by implantation of these cells in non-affected tissues and the treatment is based on vincristine chemotherapy.Cases: Case 1. A 5-year-old intact male Poodle, presenting an increase volume of nasal plane came for veterinary care at a private veterinary clinic. The animal had bilateral bloody nasal secretion and dyspnea. The external genitalia had no alterations. The cytological evaluation confirmed cTVT. Treatment with vincristine sulfate weekly showed a rapid response with improvement of the respiratory condition, total remission of the mass and absence of neoplastic cells in cytology. Case 2. A 5-year-old mixed-breed canine bitch, weighing 6.7 kg, was brought to the State University of Santa Cruz Veterinary Hospital (UESC-VH), showing an increase volume in the nasal plan region, with complaints about sneezing, nasal bleeding, respiratory distress with approximately 4 months of evolution. The owner informed that the mother of these female dog, that lived in the same environment, died a month before the beginning of clinical signs of the bitch of this case, and showed a reddish vaginal mass with intense bleeding. Intranasal exfoliative cytology showed moderately cellular sample compatible with cTVT. The treatment with vincristine sulphate for 6 weeks, showed completely remission of all clinical signs. Case 3. A 3-year-old mixed-breed male dog was brought to the UESC-VH with a reddish, friable mass located in the left eye. The citology confirmed the clinical suspicion of cTVT. After six weekly sessions of chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate, the tumor regressed and a new cytological evaluation was performed, without visible of tumor cells.[...](AU)

Evaluation of the prophylactic action of veterinary dental gel containing Aloe vera and green tea on calculus formation in dogs submitted to periodontal treatment

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of veterinary dental gel containing Aloe vera and green tea, with and without a water additive in preventing calculus formation in dogs after all animals were initially submitted to periodontal treatment. The preventive treatment was performed on 72 dogs, which 24 received treatment with the veterinary dental gel (G1), 24 received treatment with the gel associated with a water additive (G2), and 24 dogs did not receive any treatment (G3). The animals also were subdivided into three groups according to their diet. The gel was applied directly to the dogs' teeth and 500 ml of the additive was added to the water, three times a week. The animals' teeth were photographed every 30 days to observe the time of new deposition of dental calculus. The images were analyzed by MATLAB. The dogs in G1 showed average of new accumulation of dental calculus of 254.8 days, those in G2 also showed an average return of 258.6 days, and G3 showed an average return of 156.7 days. There was a statistical difference between G1 - G3 (p-value = 0,000007885) and G2 - G3 (p-value = 0,00004568). There was no statistical difference between the different food groups. We concluded that the gel used in this study, associated or not with the water additive, was effective in helping to maintain the dental health of the animals for a prolonged period after the surgic