Biodiesel co-products modified the rumen parameters of feedlot lambs but did not change methane production in vitro

Background: Intensification of livestock is a strategy that increases productivity, but the diets used to increase animal production efficiency are composed mainly of corn and soybean, thereby increasing competition between animals and humansfor the same food crops. This study evaluated nutrient intake, apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) and nutrients, kinetics of gas production, and concentration of volatile fatty acids on diets with or without inclusion of biodiesel co-productsformulated for feedlot lambs. So, the hypothesis is that replace of traditional ingredients by biodiesel co-products changesrumen parameters and methane emissions.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was developed in São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP,Brazil, in Sheep Production Laboratory, which is owned to Animal Science Department. All trials developed in this studyused a feedlot system, where animals were kept in individual pen. Forty Ile de France lambs male non-castrated wereused in in vivo trial. To obtain rumen fluid, that was used in in vitro trial, four Santa Inês lambs with rumen cannula wereused. The treatments evaluated were four diets: Control diet: roughage + concentrate; PM20: roughage + concentrate withpeanut meal (PM) at 20% of DM; CG25: roughage + concentrate with crude glycerin (CG) at 25% of DM; and PMCG:roughage + concentrate with PM at 10% of DM and CG at 12.5% of DM. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 40:60 for allthese diets. The parameters of the in vitro and in vivo experiments used were completely randomized with four treatments.When significant, the means between treatments were compared using Tukey test (P < 0.05). There was no effect of coproduct inclusion on intake, except ether extract and neutral detergent fiber, which were higher for PM20 compared withCG25 diet. Apparent digestibility of dry matter (79.87%) and some nutrients (organic matter, crude protein, and neutraldetergent fiber)...(AU)

Biodiesel co-products modified the rumen parameters of feedlot lambs but did not change methane production in vitro

Background: Intensification of livestock is a strategy that increases productivity, but the diets used to increase animal production efficiency are composed mainly of corn and soybean, thereby increasing competition between animals and humansfor the same food crops. This study evaluated nutrient intake, apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) and nutrients, kinetics of gas production, and concentration of volatile fatty acids on diets with or without inclusion of biodiesel co-productsformulated for feedlot lambs. So, the hypothesis is that replace of traditional ingredients by biodiesel co-products changesrumen parameters and methane emissions.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was developed in São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP,Brazil, in Sheep Production Laboratory, which is owned to Animal Science Department. All trials developed in this studyused a feedlot system, where animals were kept in individual pen. Forty Ile de France lambs male non-castrated wereused in in vivo trial. To obtain rumen fluid, that was used in in vitro trial, four Santa Inês lambs with rumen cannula wereused. The treatments evaluated were four diets: Control diet: roughage + concentrate; PM20: roughage + concentrate withpeanut meal (PM) at 20% of DM; CG25: roughage + concentrate with crude glycerin (CG) at 25% of DM; and PMCG:roughage + concentrate with PM at 10% of DM and CG at 12.5% of DM. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 40:60 for allthese diets. The parameters of the in vitro and in vivo experiments used were completely randomized with four treatments.When significant, the means between treatments were compared using Tukey test (P < 0.05). There was no effect of coproduct inclusion on intake, except ether extract and neutral detergent fiber, which were higher for PM20 compared withCG25 diet. Apparent digestibility of dry matter (79.87%) and some nutrients (organic matter, crude protein, and neutraldetergent fiber)...

Quality of fresh and aged meat from lambs fed peanut meal and glycerin / Qualidade das carnes fresca e maturada de cordeiros alimentados com farelo de amendoim e glicerina

Were evaluated the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of fresh and aged semimembranosus muscle from 40 uncastrated male Ile de France lambs with 17.15 ± 1.56 kg of initial body weight. Treatments involved fresh and meat aged for 14 days at 4 °C from lambs receiving four diets, as follows: control; PM - diet with 20% peanut meal replacing soybean meal; G - diet with 25% glycerin replacing corn; and PMG - diet with 10% peanut meal and 12.5% glycerin. The forage:concentrate ratio was 40:60, and corn silage was used as roughage. The diets had similar values of crude protein and metabolizable energy (17.47% and 2.72 Mcal kg/dry matter). A completely randomized design was adopted in a 4×2 factorial arrangement (four diets × fresh and aged meat). Diets and aging did not favor the development of microorganisms in the meat. There was an interaction effect between diets and aging for pH, color, cooking weight loss (CL), and shear force (SF). The fresh meat from animals fed G was lighter compared with the meat from those consuming PM and PMG (lightness of 38.45, 36.26 and 37.88 respectively). Aging increased lightness (37.63 to 40.87), red intensity (15.12 to 15.93), yellow intensity (2.48 to 3.42) and CL (23.84 to 32.59%), reduced pH (5.66 to 5.45), water holding capacity (61.85 to 58.87%) and SF (22.60 to 16.95 N). By-products from biodiesel and peanut production can be used to replace corn and soybean meal in diets for lambs without compromising their meat quality.(AU)

Foram avaliadas as características microbiológicas e físico-químicas de músculos semimembranosos frescos e maturados provenientes de 40 cordeiros Ile de France machos não castrados, com 17,15 kg de peso corporal inicial ± de 1,56 kg. Os tratamentos envolveram carnes de cordeiros frescas e maturadas por 14 dias a 4° C e alimentados com quatro dietas: C dieta controle; FA dieta com 20% de farelo de amendoim em substituição ao farelo de soja; G dieta com 25% de glicerina em substituição ao milho e FAG: dieta com 10% de farelo de amendoim e 12,5% de glicerina. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 40:60 e silagem de milho utilizada como volumoso. As dietas possuíam valores semelhantes de proteína bruta e energia metabolizável (17,47 % e 2,72 Mcal kg de matéria seca). Adotou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 (quatro dietas e carne fresca e maturada). As dietas e a maturação não favoreceram o desenvolvimento de microrganismos na carne. Houve interação entre dietas e maturação para pH, cor, perda de peso na cocção (PPC) e força de cisalhamento (FC). A carne fresca dos animais alimentados com a dieta G foi mais clara em relação a carne daqueles alimentados com as dietas FA e FAG (luminosidade de 38,45, 36,21 e 37,88 respectivamente). A maturação elevou a luminosidade (37,63 para 40,87), intensidade de vermelho (15,12 para 15,93), intensidade de amarelo (2,48 para 3,42) e PPC (23,84 para 32,59%). Reduziu o pH (5,66 para 5,45), CRA (61,85 para 58,87%) e FC (22,60 para 16,95 N). Os coprodutos do biodiesel e do amendoim podem ser utilizados em substituição ao milho e ao farelo de soja na dieta de cordeiros, sem comprometer de forma negativa a qualidade da carne.(AU)

Quality of fresh and aged meat from lambs fed peanut meal and glycerin / Qualidade das carnes fresca e maturada de cordeiros alimentados com farelo de amendoim e glicerina

Were evaluated the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of fresh and aged semimembranosus muscle from 40 uncastrated male Ile de France lambs with 17.15 ± 1.56 kg of initial body weight. Treatments involved fresh and meat aged for 14 days at 4 °C from lambs receiving four diets, as follows: control; PM - diet with 20% peanut meal replacing soybean meal; G - diet with 25% glycerin replacing corn; and PMG - diet with 10% peanut meal and 12.5% glycerin. The forage:concentrate ratio was 40:60, and corn silage was used as roughage. The diets had similar values of crude protein and metabolizable energy (17.47% and 2.72 Mcal kg/dry matter). A completely randomized design was adopted in a 4×2 factorial arrangement (four diets × fresh and aged meat). Diets and aging did not favor the development of microorganisms in the meat. There was an interaction effect between diets and aging for pH, color, cooking weight loss (CL), and shear force (SF). The fresh meat from animals fed G was lighter compared with the meat from those consuming PM and PMG (lightness of 38.45, 36.26 and 37.88 respectively). Aging increased lightness (37.63 to 40.87), red intensity (15.12 to 15.93), yellow intensity (2.48 to 3.42) and CL (23.84 to 32.59%), reduced pH (5.66 to 5.45), water holding capacity (61.85 to 58.87%) and SF (22.60 to 16.95 N). By-products from biodiesel and peanut production can be used to replace corn and soybean meal in diets for lambs without compromising their meat quality.

Foram avaliadas as características microbiológicas e físico-químicas de músculos semimembranosos frescos e maturados provenientes de 40 cordeiros Ile de France machos não castrados, com 17,15 kg de peso corporal inicial ± de 1,56 kg. Os tratamentos envolveram carnes de cordeiros frescas e maturadas por 14 dias a 4° C e alimentados com quatro dietas: C – dieta controle; FA – dieta com 20% de farelo de amendoim em substituição ao farelo de soja; G – dieta com 25% de glicerina em substituição ao milho e FAG: dieta com 10% de farelo de amendoim e 12,5% de glicerina. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 40:60 e silagem de milho utilizada como volumoso. As dietas possuíam valores semelhantes de proteína bruta e energia metabolizável (17,47 % e 2,72 Mcal kg de matéria seca). Adotou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 (quatro dietas e carne fresca e maturada). As dietas e a maturação não favoreceram o desenvolvimento de microrganismos na carne. Houve interação entre dietas e maturação para pH, cor, perda de peso na cocção (PPC) e força de cisalhamento (FC). A carne fresca dos animais alimentados com a dieta G foi mais clara em relação a carne daqueles alimentados com as dietas FA e FAG (luminosidade de 38,45, 36,21 e 37,88 respectivamente). A maturação elevou a luminosidade (37,63 para 40,87), intensidade de vermelho (15,12 para 15,93), intensidade de amarelo (2,48 para 3,42) e PPC (23,84 para 32,59%). Reduziu o pH (5,66 para 5,45), CRA (61,85 para 58,87%) e FC (22,60 para 16,95 N). Os coprodutos do biodiesel e do amendoim podem ser utilizados em substituição ao milho e ao farelo de soja na dieta de cordeiros, sem comprometer de forma negativa a qualidade da carne.