First report of equine leishmaniosis in the state of Sergipe, Brazil

Background: Leishmaniasis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan of the genus Leishmania. In Brazil, the species Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is reported as an etiological agent of leishmaniasis. Transmission of the disease occurs through bite of the sand fly mosquitoes Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia cruzi, present in several regions of Brazil, including the state of Sergipe, where they are considered endemic. Although few cases have been reported in other states of Brazil, no case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in horses has been reported in Sergipe. The objective of this study was to report a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a horse in the municipality of Itaporanga d’Ajuda, Sergipe, Brazil. Case: A 2-year-old female quarter-horse was examined by a private veterinarian due to the presence of a nodular lesion on the mucocutaneous region of the lips. Macroscopically, the nodule was alopecic with depigmented areas, measuring approximately 1.0 cm in diameter, and there was a focal ulcer in the region of the labial commissure. Excisional biopsy was performed as follows; the material obtained was fixed in 10% buffered formalin and sent for histopathological examination. Further, it was subjected to routine histological processing by embedment in paraffin and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Microscopically, there were intense multifocal to coalescent lymphohistioplasmocytic infiltrates with epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, both containing amastigote forms comparable with Leishmania spp. Morphological diagnosis was defined as extensive multifocal to coalescent chronic granulomatous dermatitis with intracytoplasmic amastigote forms. Furthermore, for positive controls, immunohistochemical examination was performed using serum from dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) infantum, which resulted in a strongly positive immunostaining of innumerable intracytoplasmic amastigote structures...

First report of equine leishmaniosis in the state of Sergipe, Brazil

Background: Leishmaniasis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan of the genus Leishmania. In Brazil, the species Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is reported as an etiological agent of leishmaniasis. Transmission of the disease occurs through bite of the sand fly mosquitoes Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia cruzi, present in several regions of Brazil, including the state of Sergipe, where they are considered endemic. Although few cases have been reported in other states of Brazil, no case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in horses has been reported in Sergipe. The objective of this study was to report a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a horse in the municipality of Itaporanga dAjuda, Sergipe, Brazil. Case: A 2-year-old female quarter-horse was examined by a private veterinarian due to the presence of a nodular lesion on the mucocutaneous region of the lips. Macroscopically, the nodule was alopecic with depigmented areas, measuring approximately 1.0 cm in diameter, and there was a focal ulcer in the region of the labial commissure. Excisional biopsy was performed as follows; the material obtained was fixed in 10% buffered formalin and sent for histopathological examination. Further, it was subjected to routine histological processing by embedment in paraffin and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Microscopically, there were intense multifocal to coalescent lymphohistioplasmocytic infiltrates with epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, both containing amastigote forms comparable with Leishmania spp. Morphological diagnosis was defined as extensive multifocal to coalescent chronic granulomatous dermatitis with intracytoplasmic amastigote forms. Furthermore, for positive controls, immunohistochemical examination was performed using serum from dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) infantum, which resulted in a strongly positive immunostaining of innumerable intracytoplasmic amastigote structures...(AU)

Perfuração esofágica associada a corpo estranho em cão / Esophageal perforation associated with a foreign body in a dog

Background: The esophagus is a tubular organ that connects the laryngopharynx to the stomach. This organ has three pointsof narrowing: the thoracic inlet, the base of the heart, and the diaphragmatic hiatus; these are common sites of obstructionby foreign bodies. Clinical signs of esophageal obstructions include sialorrhea, dysphagia, regurgitation, dehydration, anddepression. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination, anamnesis, and complementary imaging. The treatment requiresthe removal of the foreign body. Herein, we report a case of esophageal perforation associated with a foreign body in aSpitz German treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco.Case: A 2-year-old female German Spitz was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (HV-UFRPE); she presented with recurrent drooling and emesis. According to the instructor, approximatelyfive days after a party at the residence, the animal began to exhibit clinical signs. She was examined at a veterinary clinic,where she remained hospitalized for three days, without clinical improvement. She was then taken to the HV-UFRPE forfurther assessment. Upon physical examination, sialorrhea, hypercormed conjunctival mucosa, hyperthermia (41ºC), andregurgitation were observed. Imaging tests (simple radiography and ultrasonography), blood count, and a serum biochemistry panel (urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and albumin) were requested.The radiographic examination revealed a pulmonary interstitial pattern and pleural effusion. Analysis of the thoracic fluidyielded results consistent with a septic exudate. No significant changes were observed on total abdominal ultrasonography.The hemogram showed thrombocytosis, leukocytosis with absolute neutrophilia, as well as relative and absolute monocytosis. Esophagoscopy was offered...

Perfuração esofágica associada a corpo estranho em cão / Esophageal perforation associated with a foreign body in a dog

Background: The esophagus is a tubular organ that connects the laryngopharynx to the stomach. This organ has three pointsof narrowing: the thoracic inlet, the base of the heart, and the diaphragmatic hiatus; these are common sites of obstructionby foreign bodies. Clinical signs of esophageal obstructions include sialorrhea, dysphagia, regurgitation, dehydration, anddepression. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination, anamnesis, and complementary imaging. The treatment requiresthe removal of the foreign body. Herein, we report a case of esophageal perforation associated with a foreign body in aSpitz German treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco.Case: A 2-year-old female German Spitz was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (HV-UFRPE); she presented with recurrent drooling and emesis. According to the instructor, approximatelyfive days after a party at the residence, the animal began to exhibit clinical signs. She was examined at a veterinary clinic,where she remained hospitalized for three days, without clinical improvement. She was then taken to the HV-UFRPE forfurther assessment. Upon physical examination, sialorrhea, hypercormed conjunctival mucosa, hyperthermia (41ºC), andregurgitation were observed. Imaging tests (simple radiography and ultrasonography), blood count, and a serum biochemistry panel (urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and albumin) were requested.The radiographic examination revealed a pulmonary interstitial pattern and pleural effusion. Analysis of the thoracic fluidyielded results consistent with a septic exudate. No significant changes were observed on total abdominal ultrasonography.The hemogram showed thrombocytosis, leukocytosis with absolute neutrophilia, as well as relative and absolute monocytosis. Esophagoscopy was offered...(AU)