Morphological evaluation of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral column of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758) / Avaliação morfológica da coluna torácica, lombar e sacral do tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758)

This study aimed to describe the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae in tridactyla through radiographic examinations associated with gross anatomy determination. For this purpose, 12 adult specimens of M. tridactyla were analyzed, assigned to the Screening Center of Wild Animals (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, and approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (Process CEUA-UFG nr 018/2014). In the radiographic examinations the following numbers of thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) vertebrae were observed: 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=2). In contrast, the numbers of vertebrae identified by anatomical dissection were as follows: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=5). This difference occurred in cases of lumbarization of thoracic vertebrae, as seen in three specimens, and was explained by changes in regional innervations identified by anatomical dissection and the presence of floating ribs (right unilateral=1, left unilateral=1 and bilateral=1), which were not identified by radiographic exams. Regarding the sacral vertebrae there was no variation depending on the methods used, which allowed the identification of 4 (n=1) or 5 (n=11) vertebrae. Thus, we concluded that there is variation in the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, in addition to lumbarization, which must be considered based on the presence of floating ribs, in this species.(AU)

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o número de vértebras torácicas, lombares e sacrais em Myrmecophaga tridactyla por meio de exames radiográficos e por contagem anatômica. Foram analisados ​​doze espécimes adultos de M. tridactyla oriundos do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, após aprovação pela Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais (Processo CEUA-UFG no. 018/2014). Nos exames radiográficos, foram observados os seguintes números de vertebras torácicas (T) e lombares (L): 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), e 15Tx3L (n=2). Em contraste, o número de vértebras identificados através de dissecção anatómica foram como se segue: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), e 15Tx3L (n=5). Essa diferença ocorreu em casos de lombarização da vertebra torácica, como visto em três exemplares e, foi explicada por mudanças nas inervações regionais identificadas por meio de dissecção anatômica e a presença de costelas flutuantes (unilateral direita=1, unilateral esquerda=1 e bilateral=1) que não foram identificados por meio de exame radiográfico. Em relação ao número de vértebras sacrais não houve variação dos métodos utilizados, sendo que ambos permitiram a identificação de quatro (n=1) ou 5 (n=11) vértebras. Assim, concluiu-se que há variação no número de vértebras torácicas, lombares e sacrais, devido à lombarização, que devem ser consideradas com base na presença de costelas flutuantes nesta espécie.(AU)

Morphological evaluation of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral column of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758) / Avaliação morfológica da coluna torácica, lombar e sacral do tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758)

This study aimed to describe the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae in tridactyla through radiographic examinations associated with gross anatomy determination. For this purpose, 12 adult specimens of M. tridactyla were analyzed, assigned to the Screening Center of Wild Animals (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, and approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (Process CEUA-UFG nr 018/2014). In the radiographic examinations the following numbers of thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) vertebrae were observed: 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=2). In contrast, the numbers of vertebrae identified by anatomical dissection were as follows: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=5). This difference occurred in cases of lumbarization of thoracic vertebrae, as seen in three specimens, and was explained by changes in regional innervations identified by anatomical dissection and the presence of floating ribs (right unilateral=1, left unilateral=1 and bilateral=1), which were not identified by radiographic exams. Regarding the sacral vertebrae there was no variation depending on the methods used, which allowed the identification of 4 (n=1) or 5 (n=11) vertebrae. Thus, we concluded that there is variation in the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, in addition to lumbarization, which must be considered based on the presence of floating ribs, in this species.(AU)

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o número de vértebras torácicas, lombares e sacrais em Myrmecophaga tridactyla por meio de exames radiográficos e por contagem anatômica. Foram analisados ​​doze espécimes adultos de M. tridactyla oriundos do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, após aprovação pela Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais (Processo CEUA-UFG no. 018/2014). Nos exames radiográficos, foram observados os seguintes números de vertebras torácicas (T) e lombares (L): 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), e 15Tx3L (n=2). Em contraste, o número de vértebras identificados através de dissecção anatómica foram como se segue: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), e 15Tx3L (n=5). Essa diferença ocorreu em casos de lombarização da vertebra torácica, como visto em três exemplares e, foi explicada por mudanças nas inervações regionais identificadas por meio de dissecção anatômica e a presença de costelas flutuantes (unilateral direita=1, unilateral esquerda=1 e bilateral=1) que não foram identificados por meio de exame radiográfico. Em relação ao número de vértebras sacrais não houve variação dos métodos utilizados, sendo que ambos permitiram a identificação de quatro (n=1) ou 5 (n=11) vértebras. Assim, concluiu-se que há variação no número de vértebras torácicas, lombares e sacrais, devido à lombarização, que devem ser consideradas com base na presença de costelas flutuantes nesta espécie.(AU)

Morphological evaluation of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral column of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758)

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to describe the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae in tridactyla through radiographic examinations associated with gross anatomy determination. For this purpose, 12 adult specimens of M. tridactyla were analyzed, assigned to the Screening Center of Wild Animals (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, and approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (Process CEUA-UFG nr 018/2014). In the radiographic examinations the following numbers of thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) vertebrae were observed: 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=2). In contrast, the numbers of vertebrae identified by anatomical dissection were as follows: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=5). This difference occurred in cases of lumbarization of thoracic vertebrae, as seen in three specimens, and was explained by changes in regional innervations identified by anatomical dissection and the presence of floating ribs (right unilateral=1, left unilateral=1 and bilateral=1), which were not identified by radiographic exams. Regarding the sacral vertebrae there was no variation depending on the methods used, which allowed the identification of 4 (n=1) or 5 (n=11) vertebrae. Thus, we concluded that there is variation in the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, in addition to lumbarization, which must be considered based on the presence of floating ribs, in this species.

RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o número de vértebras torácicas, lombares e sacrais em Myrmecophaga tridactyla por meio de exames radiográficos e por contagem anatômica. Foram analisados doze espécimes adultos de M. tridactyla oriundos do Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, após aprovação pela Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais (Processo CEUA-UFG no. 018/2014). Nos exames radiográficos, foram observados os seguintes números de vertebras torácicas (T) e lombares (L): 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), e 15Tx3L (n=2). Em contraste, o número de vértebras identificados através de dissecção anatómica foram como se segue: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), e 15Tx3L (n=5). Essa diferença ocorreu em casos de lombarização da vertebra torácica, como visto em três exemplares e, foi explicada por mudanças nas inervações regionais identificadas por meio de dissecção anatômica e a presença de costelas flutuantes (unilateral direita=1, unilateral esquerda=1 e bilateral=1) que não foram identificados por meio de exame radiográfico. Em relação ao número de vértebras sacrais não houve variação dos métodos utilizados, sendo que ambos permitiram a identificação de quatro (n=1) ou 5 (n=11) vértebras. Assim, concluiu-se que há variação no número de vértebras torácicas, lombares e sacrais, devido à lombarização, que devem ser consideradas com base na presença de costelas flutuantes nesta espécie.

Case report of a Fungal Pneumonia possibly related to Pulmonary Neoplasia in a Labrador Retriever / Case report of a Fungal Pneumonia possibly related to Pulmonary Neoplasia in a Labrador Retriever

Background: The fungi of the genus Aspergillus ssp reported to cause the disease are usually associated with opportunistic infections, like, for example, AIDS in humans. The Aspergillus fungal pneumonia causes dyspnea and bloody expectoration; in endoscopy we can observe blood in the cranial lobes; in radiography, emphysema and fungal masses. The aim of this work is to report the case of a dog fungal pneumonia possibly due to an alleged lung cancer.Case: A dog named Bruce, age 8, Labrador retriever, yellow coat, weighing 35kg was attended at the Veterinary Hospital EVZ / UFG in the emergency care. The subject was very rough, with a severe respiratory distress, dyspnea, cyanosis tongue, body temperature 38.1 0C, presence of pulmonary rales and muffled. The owner reported cough caused by emesis and mucus the appearance was of reddish color. The pet was receiving itraconazole and had done an antibiotic (amoxicillin- clavulanate), without reports of improvement. CBC results were normal, without any alteration. The renal and hepatic biochemical function were well within the allowable values. The result of the radiographic examination latero-lateral and ventro-dorsal thorax was characterized by increased radiopacity of the lung fi elds, more severe in the right lobe, occupying almost the entire lobe and the diaphragmatic cardiac right side. Suggesting, thus, fungal pneumonia and / o

Background: The fungi of the genus Aspergillus ssp reported to cause the disease are usually associated with opportunistic infections, like, for example, AIDS in humans. The Aspergillus fungal pneumonia causes dyspnea and bloody expectoration; in endoscopy we can observe blood in the cranial lobes; in radiography, emphysema and fungal masses. The aim of this work is to report the case of a dog fungal pneumonia possibly due to an alleged lung cancer.Case: A dog named Bruce, age 8, Labrador retriever, yellow coat, weighing 35kg was attended at the Veterinary Hospital EVZ / UFG in the emergency care. The subject was very rough, with a severe respiratory distress, dyspnea, cyanosis tongue, body temperature 38.1 0C, presence of pulmonary rales and muffled. The owner reported cough caused by emesis and mucus the appearance was of reddish color. The pet was receiving itraconazole and had done an antibiotic (amoxicillin- clavulanate), without reports of improvement. CBC results were normal, without any alteration. The renal and hepatic biochemical function were well within the allowable values. The result of the radiographic examination latero-lateral and ventro-dorsal thorax was characterized by increased radiopacity of the lung fi elds, more severe in the right lobe, occupying almost the entire lobe and the diaphragmatic cardiac right side. Suggesting, thus, fungal pneumonia and / o

Ultrassonografia de colestase extra-hepática em gata com hérniadiafragmática: relato de caso / Ultrasound of extrahepatic cholestasis in a female cat with diaphragmatic hernia: case report

A obstrução biliar extra-hepática é rara em gatos. Entre as várias causas verificam-se as compressivas deorigem traumática; dentre elas encontra-se a hérnia diafragmática. A ultrassonografia é um importantemeio de diagnóstico da obstrução biliar, uma vez que possibilita a visibilização da dilatação do sistemabiliar, principalmente em casos crônicos. Este artigo relata o caso de uma gata sem raça definida de oitomeses de idade que apresentou obstrução biliar extra-hepática em consequência de uma hérnia diafragmáticacrônica, onde houve deslocamento do duodeno para o tórax levando consigo o ducto colédoco,causando compressão deste e dilatação do sistema biliar. A hérnia diafragmática foi diagnosticada pelaradiografia simples. A ultrassonografia permitiu o diagnóstico da obstrução biliar bem como determinara cronicidade do caso devido a dilatação dos ductos biliares intra-hepáticos. O animal foi encaminhadopara laparotomia para correção da hérnia, porém foi à óbito no final do procedimento. Foi realizadanecropsia para avaliação macroscópica do parênquima hepático e do sistema biliar e as característicasvistas estavam de acordo com as observadas no momento da ultrassonografia, mostrando o quão útil éeste exame para o diagnóstico da obstrução biliar e para determinar o grau de dilatação biliar.(AU)

The extrahepatic biliary obstruction is rare in cats. The compressive traumatic obstruction, specifically thediaphragmatic hernia, is amongst the various causes. The sonography is an important to biliary obstructiondiagnosis, since it allows the visualization of the biliary system dilatation, in particular the chronic cases.This study reports a extrahepatic biliary obstruction, result of a chronic diaphragmatic hernia, in a femalemongrel cat, eight months old. At the radiography exam of the torax was observed the displacement of theduodenum and the common bile duct to the chest. The sonography confirmed the diagnosis of biliary obstruction and enabled to determine the chronicity of the case due to dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts.The surgery for hernia reduction was realized, but the animal died after the surgical procedure. Necropsywas performed for macroscopic evaluation of the hepatic parenchyma and biliary system. The finds wereseen according to the sonographic examination, demonstrating how useful is the sonography for biliaryobstruction diagnosis and to determine biliary dilatation degree.(AU)

Ultrassonografia de colestase extra-hepática em gata com hérniadiafragmática: relato de caso / Ultrasound of extrahepatic cholestasis in a female cat with diaphragmatic hernia: case report

A obstrução biliar extra-hepática é rara em gatos. Entre as várias causas verificam-se as compressivas deorigem traumática; dentre elas encontra-se a hérnia diafragmática. A ultrassonografia é um importantemeio de diagnóstico da obstrução biliar, uma vez que possibilita a visibilização da dilatação do sistemabiliar, principalmente em casos crônicos. Este artigo relata o caso de uma gata sem raça definida de oitomeses de idade que apresentou obstrução biliar extra-hepática em consequência de uma hérnia diafragmáticacrônica, onde houve deslocamento do duodeno para o tórax levando consigo o ducto colédoco,causando compressão deste e dilatação do sistema biliar. A hérnia diafragmática foi diagnosticada pelaradiografia simples. A ultrassonografia permitiu o diagnóstico da obstrução biliar bem como determinara cronicidade do caso devido a dilatação dos ductos biliares intra-hepáticos. O animal foi encaminhadopara laparotomia para correção da hérnia, porém foi à óbito no final do procedimento. Foi realizadanecropsia para avaliação macroscópica do parênquima hepático e do sistema biliar e as característicasvistas estavam de acordo com as observadas no momento da ultrassonografia, mostrando o quão útil éeste exame para o diagnóstico da obstrução biliar e para determinar o grau de dilatação biliar.

The extrahepatic biliary obstruction is rare in cats. The compressive traumatic obstruction, specifically thediaphragmatic hernia, is amongst the various causes. The sonography is an important to biliary obstructiondiagnosis, since it allows the visualization of the biliary system dilatation, in particular the chronic cases.This study reports a extrahepatic biliary obstruction, result of a chronic diaphragmatic hernia, in a femalemongrel cat, eight months old. At the radiography exam of the torax was observed the displacement of theduodenum and the common bile duct to the chest. The sonography confirmed the diagnosis of biliary obstruction and enabled to determine the chronicity of the case due to dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts.The surgery for hernia reduction was realized, but the animal died after the surgical procedure. Necropsywas performed for macroscopic evaluation of the hepatic parenchyma and biliary system. The finds wereseen according to the sonographic examination, demonstrating how useful is the sonography for biliaryobstruction diagnosis and to determine biliary dilatation degree.

Case report of a Fungal Pneumonia possibly related to Pulmonary Neoplasia in a Labrador Retriever / Case report of a Fungal Pneumonia possibly related to Pulmonary Neoplasia in a Labrador Retriever

 Background: The fungi of the genus Aspergillus ssp reported to cause the disease are usually associated with opportunistic infections, like, for example, AIDS in humans. The Aspergillus fungal pneumonia causes dyspnea and bloody expectoration; in endoscopy we can observe blood in the cranial lobes; in radiography, emphysema and fungal masses. The aim of this work is to report the case of a dog fungal pneumonia possibly due to an alleged lung cancer.Case: A dog named Bruce, age 8, Labrador retriever, yellow coat, weighing 35kg was attended at the Veterinary Hospital EVZ / UFG in the emergency care. The subject was very rough, with a severe respiratory distress, dyspnea, cyanosis tongue, body temperature 38.1 0C, presence of pulmonary rales and muffled. The owner reported cough caused by emesis and mucus the appearance was of reddish color. The pet was receiving itraconazole and had done an antibiotic (amoxicillin- clavulanate), without reports of improvement. CBC results were normal, without any alteration. The renal and hepatic biochemical function were well within the allowable values. The result of the radiographic examination latero-lateral and ventro-dorsal thorax was characterized by increased radiopacity of the lung fi elds, more severe in the right lobe, occupying almost the entire lobe and the diaphragmatic cardiac right side. Suggesting, thus, fungal pneumonia and / o

 Background: The fungi of the genus Aspergillus ssp reported to cause the disease are usually associated with opportunistic infections, like, for example, AIDS in humans. The Aspergillus fungal pneumonia causes dyspnea and bloody expectoration; in endoscopy we can observe blood in the cranial lobes; in radiography, emphysema and fungal masses. The aim of this work is to report the case of a dog fungal pneumonia possibly due to an alleged lung cancer.Case: A dog named Bruce, age 8, Labrador retriever, yellow coat, weighing 35kg was attended at the Veterinary Hospital EVZ / UFG in the emergency care. The subject was very rough, with a severe respiratory distress, dyspnea, cyanosis tongue, body temperature 38.1 0C, presence of pulmonary rales and muffled. The owner reported cough caused by emesis and mucus the appearance was of reddish color. The pet was receiving itraconazole and had done an antibiotic (amoxicillin- clavulanate), without reports of improvement. CBC results were normal, without any alteration. The renal and hepatic biochemical function were well within the allowable values. The result of the radiographic examination latero-lateral and ventro-dorsal thorax was characterized by increased radiopacity of the lung fi elds, more severe in the right lobe, occupying almost the entire lobe and the diaphragmatic cardiac right side. Suggesting, thus, fungal pneumonia and / o