Macroscopic and histomorphometric evaluation of different healing stages of skin wounds in horses treated with leukocyte-poor plateletrich plasma

Skin injuries are frequent in horses, and one of the treatments used for such injuries is the platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The objective of this experiment was to macroscopically and microscopically investigate the process of healing by second intention in skin wounds of eight healthy gelding crossbred horses treated (T) or untreated (UT) with a single dose of leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP). Three squareshaped wounds were induced in both gluteal regions. After 12 h of wound induction, 0.5 mL LP-PRP was administered in each border of the lesion in one of gluteal region. Contralateral wounds were UT. Six skin biopsies were obtained with a 6-mm Punch. Macroscopic variables of one of the non-biopsied wounds were evaluated. Samples were processed for histomorphometric evaluation. No difference was observed between the time required for wound closure in the two groups. Histomorphometric analysis performed 14 days after wound induction revealed higher (p = 0.034) angiogenesis and number (p = 0.0179) of total leukocytes in T wounds. Fibrocytes numbers increased significantly (p = 0.023) on day 7 after injury in the UT group. General microscopic evaluation performed independently of scores and morphometric analysis revealed that the majority of the T wounds showed better healing variables in the sections analyzed after complete macroscopic closure of the wound. A single injected dose of LP-PRP 12 h after wound induction in horses does not interfere with the wound healing process but reveals that majority of the T wounds exhibit better healing histomorphometric characteristics.

Macroscopic and histomorphometric evaluation of different healing stages of skin wounds in horses treated with leukocyte-poor plateletrich plasma

Skin injuries are frequent in horses, and one of the treatments used for such injuries is the platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The objective of this experiment was to macroscopically and microscopically investigate the process of healing by second intention in skin wounds of eight healthy gelding crossbred horses treated (T) or untreated (UT) with a single dose of leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP). Three squareshaped wounds were induced in both gluteal regions. After 12 h of wound induction, 0.5 mL LP-PRP was administered in each border of the lesion in one of gluteal region. Contralateral wounds were UT. Six skin biopsies were obtained with a 6-mm Punch. Macroscopic variables of one of the non-biopsied wounds were evaluated. Samples were processed for histomorphometric evaluation. No difference was observed between the time required for wound closure in the two groups. Histomorphometric analysis performed 14 days after wound induction revealed higher (p = 0.034) angiogenesis and number (p = 0.0179) of total leukocytes in T wounds. Fibrocytes numbers increased significantly (p = 0.023) on day 7 after injury in the UT group. General microscopic evaluation performed independently of scores and morphometric analysis revealed that the majority of the T wounds showed better healing variables in the sections analyzed after complete macroscopic closure of the wound. A single injected dose of LP-PRP 12 h after wound induction in horses does not interfere with the wound healing process but reveals that majority of the T wounds exhibit better healing histomorphometric characteristics.(AU)

Dermatofitose equina (revisão de literatura) / Equine ringworm: literature review / Dermatofitosis em caballos: revisión de literatura

A dermatofitose é uma das principais doenças de origem fúngica e acomete diversas espécies animais, incluindo humanos. É causada por fungos queratinofílicos, classificados como zoofílicos, antropofílicos ou geofílicos, dependendo da sua adaptação ao hospedeiro ou ambiente. Além disso, a maioria das espécies possui caráter zoonótico, o que afeta diretamente a interação ser humano e animal, sendo essa doença desconhecida por muitos trabalhadores do meio rural. Esse trabalho possui como objetivo reunir informações sobre a dermatofitose, mediante realização de uma revisão sobre aspectos gerais relacionados com a afecção.

Ringworm is one of the major diseases of fungal origin and affects several animal species, including humans. Are diseases caused by keratinophilic fungal classified as zoophilic, anthropophilic or geophilic, depending on their adaptation to host or environment. In addition, most species have zoonotic, which interferes directly in humans and animal relationship, and this unknown disease for many workers in the rural areas. This work aims to gather information about ringworm by a review of the general aspects of the condition.

La dermatofitosis es una de la principales enfermedades de origen fúngica y afecta diversas espécies animales, incluyendo a los hombres. Es causada por hongos queratinofílicos, clasificados como zoofílicos, antropofílicos o geofílicos, dependendo de su adaptación al hospedador o ambiente. Además, la mayoría de las especies tienen carácter zoonótico, lo que afecta directamente a la interacción humana y animal, siendo esta enfermedad desconocida por muchos trabajadores del medio rural. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reunir informaciones sobre la dermatofitosis, por medio de la realización de una revisión sobre aspectos generales relacionados con la enfermedad.

Revisão sobre aspectos reprodutivos de jumentas (Equus asinus) / review on reproduction aspects of jennies (Equus asinus)

Anatomicamente, as jumentas possuem uma cérvix longa e flexível quando comparada a cérvix da égua. Quanto às características reprodutivas das jumentas, o ciclo estral tem duração média de 24 dias, são poliéstricas sazonais em regiões temperadas, possuem como principais sinais de estro a mastigação e orelhas baixas tocando o pescoço. A idade recomendada para a primeira cobertura é de aproximadamente três anos e o estro pós-parto ocorre em média de cinco a onze dias após o parto. Os folículos são divididos quanto ao diâmetro e os mesmos sofrem efeitos significativos conforme o dia do ciclo estral. O reconhecimento materno da gestação ocorre de forma semelhante ao da égua. Tanto o embrião de égua quanto o de jumenta possue uma cápsula acelular glicoprotéica que se assemelha quanto ao conteúdo de aminoácidos e carboidratos e se diferencia quanto ao peso de massa seca. Esta revisão teve como objetivo disseminar informações sobre os aspectos reprodutivos das jumentas no intuito de ajudar na preservação das diferentes raças de asininos, contribuindo para que estes animais sejam tratados com respeito devido a sua contribuição e importância na história, além de mostrar que existe um grande campo a ser estudado, pois dados obtidos para éguas nem sempre podem ser extrapolados para jumentas.

Anatomically, the asses have a long and flexible cervix as compared to the cervix of the mare. As for reproductive traits of asses, the estrous cycle lasts an average time of 24 days, they are poliestric seasonal in temperate regions, have as main signs of estrus chewing and lower their ears to touch the neck. The recommended age for first mating is approximately three years and postpartum estrus occurs on average five to eleven days after the parturition. Follicles are classified according to their diameter and they affected significant effects depending on the day of the estrous cycle. The maternal recognition of pregnancy occurs in a manner similar to the mare. Both embryos such as the mare and asses have an acellular glycoproteic capsule which resemble the contents of amino acids and carbohydrates and differ as to the weight of dry matter. This review aimed to disseminate information on reproductive aspects of the asses in order to help preserve different breeds of donkeys and show that there is a great field to be study, because the data acquire for mares not always may be extrapolated to asses.

Revisão sobre aspectos reprodutivos de jumentas (Equus asinus) / review on reproduction aspects of jennies (Equus asinus)

Anatomicamente, as jumentas possuem uma cérvix longa e flexível quando comparada a cérvix da égua. Quanto às características reprodutivas das jumentas, o ciclo estral tem duração média de 24 dias, são poliéstricas sazonais em regiões temperadas, possuem como principais sinais de estro a mastigação e orelhas baixas tocando o pescoço. A idade recomendada para a primeira cobertura é de aproximadamente três anos e o estro pós-parto ocorre em média de cinco a onze dias após o parto. Os folículos são divididos quanto ao diâmetro e os mesmos sofrem efeitos significativos conforme o dia do ciclo estral. O reconhecimento materno da gestação ocorre de forma semelhante ao da égua. Tanto o embrião de égua quanto o de jumenta possue uma cápsula acelular glicoprotéica que se assemelha quanto ao conteúdo de aminoácidos e carboidratos e se diferencia quanto ao peso de massa seca. Esta revisão teve como objetivo disseminar informações sobre os aspectos reprodutivos das jumentas no intuito de ajudar na preservação das diferentes raças de asininos, contribuindo para que estes animais sejam tratados com respeito devido a sua contribuição e importância na história, além de mostrar que existe um grande campo a ser estudado, pois dados obtidos para éguas nem sempre podem ser extrapolados para jumentas.(AU)

Anatomically, the asses have a long and flexible cervix as compared to the cervix of the mare. As for reproductive traits of asses, the estrous cycle lasts an average time of 24 days, they are poliestric seasonal in temperate regions, have as main signs of estrus chewing and lower their ears to touch the neck. The recommended age for first mating is approximately three years and postpartum estrus occurs on average five to eleven days after the parturition. Follicles are classified according to their diameter and they affected significant effects depending on the day of the estrous cycle. The maternal recognition of pregnancy occurs in a manner similar to the mare. Both embryos such as the mare and asses have an acellular glycoproteic capsule which resemble the contents of amino acids and carbohydrates and differ as to the weight of dry matter. This review aimed to disseminate information on reproductive aspects of the asses in order to help preserve different breeds of donkeys and show that there is a great field to be study, because the data acquire for mares not always may be extrapolated to asses.(AU)