Phytosociology in areas of the Brazilian Cerrado: Cerrado stricto sensu, municipality of Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins

Phytosociological studies are essential for the elaboration of conservation strategies for the Cerrado. The goal of this study was to survey two areas of cerrado stricto sensu: Fazenda Canaã and Fazenda Providência, located in the Municipality of Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins. There were 10 plots of 100 m2 allocated in each area. All individuals with circumference equal to or greater than 10 cm, at ground height ≥10 cm were sampled, soil samples were taken for physical-chemical analysis. Sampling in Canaã resulted in 379 individuals belonging to 28 families and 50 species. In Providência, there were 300 individuals from 27 families and 49 species. The Shannon-Wiener Index for the Canaã was 3.48 and for Providência, 3.45. The studied areas presented a large number of small sized individuals, presenting a reverse J-shaped diameter structure. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed significant scores for the first axes (p < 0.05) according to the Monte Carlo test, which explained 70% total variability of the data. The variables with the highest structure coefficient in axis 1 were clay (0.94), pH (0.62) and magnesium (-0.32). On axis 2, the most important variables were aluminum (0.29), silt (0.25) and potassium (-0.078). These soil variables show a differentiation of the study areas.

Phytosociology in areas of the Brazilian Cerrado: Cerrado stricto sensu, municipality of Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins

Phytosociological studies are essential for the elaboration of conservation strategies for the Cerrado. The goal of this study was to survey two areas of cerrado stricto sensu: Fazenda Canaã and Fazenda Providência, located in the Municipality of Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins. There were 10 plots of 100 m2 allocated in each area. All individuals with circumference equal to or greater than 10 cm, at ground height ≥10 cm were sampled, soil samples were taken for physical-chemical analysis. Sampling in Canaã resulted in 379 individuals belonging to 28 families and 50 species. In Providência, there were 300 individuals from 27 families and 49 species. The Shannon-Wiener Index for the Canaã was 3.48 and for Providência, 3.45. The studied areas presented a large number of small sized individuals, presenting a reverse J-shaped diameter structure. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed significant scores for the first axes (p < 0.05) according to the Monte Carlo test, which explained 70% total variability of the data. The variables with the highest structure coefficient in axis 1 were clay (0.94), pH (0.62) and magnesium (-0.32). On axis 2, the most important variables were aluminum (0.29), silt (0.25) and potassium (-0.078). These soil variables show a differentiation of the study areas.(AU)

Extração de nutrientes e produção de biomassa de aveia-preta cultivada em solo submetido a dezoito anos de adubação orgânica e mineral / Nutrient uptake and biomass production of black oats in soils under eighteen years of organic and mineral fertilizer

Objetivou-se com este trabalho quantificar a extração de nutrientes e a produção de biomassa de aveia-preta em solos submetidos a dezoito anos de adubações orgânicas e minerais em cultivo de milho. O experimento foi conduzido no Campo Experimental de Coimbra, localizado no município de Coimbra/MG, pertencente ao Departamento de Fitotecnia (DFT) da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). A semeadura da aveia-preta foi realizada no ano agrícola de 2003/2004. Os tratamentos foram: sem adubação; adubação mineral na dose de 150 kg ha-1 da fórmula 8-28-16 com a adição de 50 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura (AM1); adubação mineral na dose de 300 kg ha-1 da fórmula 8-28-16 com a adição de 100 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura (AM2) e adubação orgânica (AO) com 40 m3 ha-1 de composto orgânico. Esses tratamentos foram aplicado sequencialmente no cultivo do milho por um período de dezoito anos. Os tratamentos foram dispostos no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foi determinado o acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea, teor e acúmulo de N, P, K na parte aérea da aveia preta, teor de P e K no solo, saturação de base e CTC. O tratamento com adubação orgânica proporcionou maior acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea da aveia-preta e maior extração de nutrientes. Os nutrientes determinados no solo foram diretamente proporcionais aos acúmulos de massa secas e nutrientes determinados na parte aérea da aveia-preta.

This work aimed to quantify the content and accumulation of macronutrients (N, P and K) in the dry biomass of oats-black (Avena strigosa Schreb) and in soil (P and K), recycled by the oats-black after the waste left in the soil by successive fertilizations organic and mineral carried out in maize. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field of Coimbra, located in the city of Coimbra / MG from the Department of Plant Science (DFT) of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV). The planting of oats-black was conducted in the agricultural year 2003/2004. The treatments were: no fertilization, mineral fertilization at 150 kg ha-1 of 8-28-16 formulation with the addition of 50 kg ha-1 N topdressing (AM1); mineral fertilization at 300 kg ha-1 of 8-28-16 formulation with the addition of 100 kg ha-1 N topdressing (AM2) and organic manure (AO) with 40 m3 ha-1 of compost. These treatments were applied sequentially in corn cultivation for a period of eighteen. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. Was determined the accumulation of dry mass of aerial part, content and accumulation of N, P and K in shoots of oats-black, P and K content in soil, base saturation and CTC. The treatment with organic fertilization provided higher accumulation of dry matter of aerial part of oats-black and nutrient uptake. The nutrients determined in the soil were directly proportional to the accumulation of dry mass and specific nutrients in shoots of oats-black.