Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic profile of isolates from clinical infections in dogs

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is described as a condition in which a micro-organism is able to survive when exposed to an antimicrobial agent. The resistance rates to antimicrobials in companion animals have risen considerably. Studies of local antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are needed as well as education and warning about the use of tests for the identification and susceptibility of pathogenic bacterial strains. The aim of this study was to identify the main antimicrobial resistance in clinical samples of dogs, and to detect multidrug-resistant strains of importance to public health.Materials, Methods & Results: Bacterial pathogens of 77 dog infections were isolated and their sensitivity profile to antimicrobials was determined. One hundred bacterial isolates were identified. Of these, 61 were Gram-positive (55 Staphylococcus spp., 4 Enterococcus spp. and 2 Streptococcus spp.) and 39 Gram-negative (36 fermenters and 3 non-fermenters). Seventy-nine isolates were considered multiresistant following individual assessment of drugs, and 85 following the evaluation of classes. Only 3 were sensitive to all drugs. Four isolates were resistant to all classes and only sensitive to some antibiotics. Of the 55 samples of Staphylococcus spp., 36 (65.45%) were identified as phenotypically MRS. Two isolates of Enterococcus spp. were resistant to vancomycin (VRE). Also 66.67% (26/39) of the samples were positive for the presumptive test for ESBL. For the MRS-positive isolates detected in this study, chloramphenicol was the antimicrobial that showed superior sensitivity in 74.29% of the cases (27/36); therefore it is considered the most appropriate for treatment of this type of micro-organism. In case of aminoglycosides, when their resistance was checked in MRS isolates, all resistance percentages increased, implying a limited use of this class for such a type of multi-resistant micro-organism.[...]

Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic profile of isolates from clinical infections in dogs

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is described as a condition in which a micro-organism is able to survive when exposed to an antimicrobial agent. The resistance rates to antimicrobials in companion animals have risen considerably. Studies of local antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are needed as well as education and warning about the use of tests for the identification and susceptibility of pathogenic bacterial strains. The aim of this study was to identify the main antimicrobial resistance in clinical samples of dogs, and to detect multidrug-resistant strains of importance to public health.Materials, Methods & Results: Bacterial pathogens of 77 dog infections were isolated and their sensitivity profile to antimicrobials was determined. One hundred bacterial isolates were identified. Of these, 61 were Gram-positive (55 Staphylococcus spp., 4 Enterococcus spp. and 2 Streptococcus spp.) and 39 Gram-negative (36 fermenters and 3 non-fermenters). Seventy-nine isolates were considered multiresistant following individual assessment of drugs, and 85 following the evaluation of classes. Only 3 were sensitive to all drugs. Four isolates were resistant to all classes and only sensitive to some antibiotics. Of the 55 samples of Staphylococcus spp., 36 (65.45%) were identified as phenotypically MRS. Two isolates of Enterococcus spp. were resistant to vancomycin (VRE). Also 66.67% (26/39) of the samples were positive for the presumptive test for ESBL. For the MRS-positive isolates detected in this study, chloramphenicol was the antimicrobial that showed superior sensitivity in 74.29% of the cases (27/36); therefore it is considered the most appropriate for treatment of this type of micro-organism. In case of aminoglycosides, when their resistance was checked in MRS isolates, all resistance percentages increased, implying a limited use of this class for such a type of multi-resistant micro-organism.[...](AU)

Gram-positive bacterial resistant strains of interest in Animal and Public Health / Resistência bacteriana em gram positivos de interesse em Saúde Animal e Pública

Among multiresistant Gram-positive microorganisms, stands out methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS), an opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital acquired and community infections reported in medicine and large increase in reports of veterinary medicine. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described. MRS is intrinsically resistant to all ?-lactam drugs. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described, but Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate resistance and resistant to vancomycin (VISA/VRSA) has not yet been reported in veterinary medicine, still need further study. Staphylococcus spp. are also related to antimicrobial resistance of macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLSB) group, that has the same mechanism of action, although the drugs belong to different classes. In veterinary medicine, clindamycin (lincosamide class) is widely used for skin infections, wounds, bone infections, pneumonia, infections of the oral cavity, and infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, besides being used for treatments of MRS infections. Enterococcus is another resistant Gram-positive microorganism, from which vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) are the most important strains. There are several reports of VREs in veterinary medicine due the use of a similar...(AU)

Dentre os micro-organismos gram positivos multirresistentes destacam-se, principalmente os Staphylococcus spp. meticilina resistente (MRS), patógenos considerados oportunistas e relacionados tanto a infecções hospitalares como infecções comunitárias, tendo inúmeros relatos na medicina e um grande aumento de relatos na medicina veterinária, em diversas espécies de animais. MRS são intrinsicamente resistentes a todas as drogas beta-lactâmicas. Os Staphylococcus aureus com resistência intermediária e os resistentes à vancomicina (VISA/VRSA) ainda não foram reportados em animais, porém são necessários estudos mais aprofundados. Os Staphylococcus spp. também estão relacionados com resistência aos antimicrobianos do grupo dos Macrolídeos, Lincosamidas e Streptogramineas B (MLSb), que apesar de serem de classes diferentes, possuem o mesmo mecanismo de ação. Na medicina veterinária, a clindamicina (antimicrobiano da classe da Lincosamida) é amplamente utilizada para tratamentos de infecções de pele, feridas, infecções ósseas, pneumonia, infecção da cavidade oral e infecções causadas por bactérias anaeróbicas, além de ser utilizada em infecções causadas por MRS. Outro gênero de micro-organismos gram positivos resistente é o Enterococcus, sendo os Enterococcus vancomicina resistente (VRE) os de maior importância. Após vários relatos de VRE na medicina veterinária, devido ao grande uso...(AU)

Resistência bacteriana em gram positivos de interesse em saúde animal e pública / Gram-positive bacterial resistant strains of interest in animal and public health

Dentre os micro-organismos gram positivos multirresistentes destacam-se, principalmente os Staphylococcus spp. meticilina resistente (MRS), patógenos considerados oportunistas e relacionados tanto a infecções hospitalares como infecções comunitárias, tendo inúmeros relatos na medicina e um grande aumento de relatos na medicina veterinária, em diversas espécies de animais. MRS são intrinsicamente resistentes a todas as drogas beta-lactâmicas. Os Staphylococcus aureus com resistência intermediária e os resistentes à vancomicina (VISA/VRSA) ainda não foram reportados em animais, porém são necessários estudos mais aprofundados. Os Staphylococcus spp. também estão relacionados com resistência aos antimicrobianos do grupo dos Macrolídeos, Lincosamidas e Streptogramineas B (MLSb), que apesar de serem de classes diferentes, possuem o mesmo mecanismo de ação. Na medicina veterinária, a clindamicina (antimicrobiano da classe da Lincosamida) é amplamente utilizada para tratamentos de infecções de pele, feridas, infecções ósseas, pneumonia, infecção da cavidade oral e infecções causadas por bactérias anaeróbicas, além de ser utilizada em infecções causadas por MRS. Outro gênero de micro-organismos gram positivos resistente é o Enterococcus, sendo os Enterococcus vancomicina resistente (VRE) os de maior importância. Após vários relatos de VRE na

Among multiresistant Gram-positive microorganisms, stands out methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS), an opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital acquired and community infections reported in medicine and large increase in reports of veterinary medicine. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described. MRS is intrinsically resistant to all ?-lactam drugs. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described, but Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate resistance and resistant to vancomycin (VISA/VRSA) has not yet been reported in veterinary medicine, still need further study. Staphylococcus spp. are also related to antimicrobial resistance of macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLSB) group, that has the same mechanism of action, although the drugs belong to different classes. In veterinary medicine, clindamycin (lincosamide class) is widely used for skin infections, wounds, bone infections, pneumonia, infections of the oral cavity, and infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, besides being used for treatments of MRS infections. Enterococcus is another resistant Gram-positive microorganism, from which vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) are the most important strains. There are several reports of VREs in veterinary medicine due the use of a similar antimicrobi

Resistência bacteriana em gram positivos de interesse em saúde animal e pública / Gram-positive bacterial resistant strains of interest in animal and public health

Dentre os micro-organismos gram positivos multirresistentes destacam-se, principalmente os Staphylococcus spp. meticilina resistente (MRS), patógenos considerados oportunistas e relacionados tanto a infecções hospitalares como infecções comunitárias, tendo inúmeros relatos na medicina e um grande aumento de relatos na medicina veterinária, em diversas espécies de animais. MRS são intrinsicamente resistentes a todas as drogas beta-lactâmicas. Os Staphylococcus aureus com resistência intermediária e os resistentes à vancomicina (VISA/VRSA) ainda não foram reportados em animais, porém são necessários estudos mais aprofundados. Os Staphylococcus spp. também estão relacionados com resistência aos antimicrobianos do grupo dos Macrolídeos, Lincosamidas e Streptogramineas B (MLSb), que apesar de serem de classes diferentes, possuem o mesmo mecanismo de ação. Na medicina veterinária, a clindamicina (antimicrobiano da classe da Lincosamida) é amplamente utilizada para tratamentos de infecções de pele, feridas, infecções ósseas, pneumonia, infecção da cavidade oral e infecções causadas por bactérias anaeróbicas, além de ser utilizada em infecções causadas por MRS. Outro gênero de micro-organismos gram positivos resistente é o Enterococcus, sendo os Enterococcus vancomicina resistente (VRE) os de maior importância. Após vários relatos de VRE na

Among multiresistant Gram-positive microorganisms, stands out methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS), an opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital acquired and community infections reported in medicine and large increase in reports of veterinary medicine. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described. MRS is intrinsically resistant to all ?-lactam drugs. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described, but Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate resistance and resistant to vancomycin (VISA/VRSA) has not yet been reported in veterinary medicine, still need further study. Staphylococcus spp. are also related to antimicrobial resistance of macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLSB) group, that has the same mechanism of action, although the drugs belong to different classes. In veterinary medicine, clindamycin (lincosamide class) is widely used for skin infections, wounds, bone infections, pneumonia, infections of the oral cavity, and infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, besides being used for treatments of MRS infections. Enterococcus is another resistant Gram-positive microorganism, from which vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) are the most important strains. There are several reports of VREs in veterinary medicine due the use of a similar antimicrobi

Gram-positive bacterial resistant strains of interest in Animal and Public Health / Resistência bacteriana em gram positivos de interesse em Saúde Animal e Pública

Among multiresistant Gram-positive microorganisms, stands out methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS), an opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital acquired and community infections reported in medicine and large increase in reports of veterinary medicine. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described. MRS is intrinsically resistant to all ?-lactam drugs. In veterinary medicine, numerous reports regarding several species of animals have been described, but Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate resistance and resistant to vancomycin (VISA/VRSA) has not yet been reported in veterinary medicine, still need further study. Staphylococcus spp. are also related to antimicrobial resistance of macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B (MLSB) group, that has the same mechanism of action, although the drugs belong to different classes. In veterinary medicine, clindamycin (lincosamide class) is widely used for skin infections, wounds, bone infections, pneumonia, infections of the oral cavity, and infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, besides being used for treatments of MRS infections. Enterococcus is another resistant Gram-positive microorganism, from which vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) are the most important strains. There are several reports of VREs in veterinary medicine due the use of a similar...

Dentre os micro-organismos gram positivos multirresistentes destacam-se, principalmente os Staphylococcus spp. meticilina resistente (MRS), patógenos considerados oportunistas e relacionados tanto a infecções hospitalares como infecções comunitárias, tendo inúmeros relatos na medicina e um grande aumento de relatos na medicina veterinária, em diversas espécies de animais. MRS são intrinsicamente resistentes a todas as drogas beta-lactâmicas. Os Staphylococcus aureus com resistência intermediária e os resistentes à vancomicina (VISA/VRSA) ainda não foram reportados em animais, porém são necessários estudos mais aprofundados. Os Staphylococcus spp. também estão relacionados com resistência aos antimicrobianos do grupo dos Macrolídeos, Lincosamidas e Streptogramineas B (MLSb), que apesar de serem de classes diferentes, possuem o mesmo mecanismo de ação. Na medicina veterinária, a clindamicina (antimicrobiano da classe da Lincosamida) é amplamente utilizada para tratamentos de infecções de pele, feridas, infecções ósseas, pneumonia, infecção da cavidade oral e infecções causadas por bactérias anaeróbicas, além de ser utilizada em infecções causadas por MRS. Outro gênero de micro-organismos gram positivos resistente é o Enterococcus, sendo os Enterococcus vancomicina resistente (VRE) os de maior importância. Após vários relatos de VRE na medicina veterinária, devido ao grande uso...