Effects of climate, seasonality, and parasitoid abundance on Liriomyza Mik (Diptera: Agromyzidae) populations on important crops in Northeastern Brazil

Agromyzidae (Insecta: Diptera) is a cosmopolitan family of acalyptrate flies, with almost 3,000 species worldwide distributed. Most species are leaf miners on a large number of plants. Among them, Liriomyza Mik, 1894 is a large genus of leaf-miner species that can cause significant damage to economically important crops and is considered agricultural pests, such as Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, 1938 and Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926), which are herein investigated. The present study deals with the impact of climatic factors (temperature, humidity, and precipitation), seasonality, and parasitoid abundance on leaf-miner infestation during one year in five cultivated crops in Northeastern Brazil. Climatic factors for instance had different effects on L. sativae populations in melon and watermelon crops. Larval abundances were greater during the dry season for both species, L. sativae and L. huidobrensis, and abundance of adult parasitoids followed the increase of mining larvae.(AU)

Effects of climate, seasonality, and parasitoid abundance on Liriomyza Mik (Diptera: Agromyzidae) populations on important crops in Northeastern Brazil

Agromyzidae (Insecta: Diptera) is a cosmopolitan family of acalyptrate flies, with almost 3,000 species worldwide distributed. Most species are leaf miners on a large number of plants. Among them, Liriomyza Mik, 1894 is a large genus of leaf-miner species that can cause significant damage to economically important crops and is considered agricultural pests, such as Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, 1938 and Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926), which are herein investigated. The present study deals with the impact of climatic factors (temperature, humidity, and precipitation), seasonality, and parasitoid abundance on leaf-miner infestation during one year in five cultivated crops in Northeastern Brazil. Climatic factors for instance had different effects on L. sativae populations in melon and watermelon crops. Larval abundances were greater during the dry season for both species, L. sativae and L. huidobrensis, and abundance of adult parasitoids followed the increase of mining larvae.

Effects of climate, seasonality, and parasitoid abundance on Liriomyza Mik (Diptera: Agromyzidae) populations on important crops in Northeastern Brazil

ABSTRACT Agromyzidae (Insecta: Diptera) is a cosmopolitan family of acalyptrate flies, with almost 3,000 species worldwide distributed. Most species are leaf miners on a large number of plants. Among them, Liriomyza Mik, 1894 is a large genus of leaf-miner species that can cause significant damage to economically important crops and is considered agricultural pests, such as Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, 1938 and Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926), which are herein investigated. The present study deals with the impact of climatic factors (temperature, humidity, and precipitation), seasonality, and parasitoid abundance on leaf-miner infestation during one year in five cultivated crops in Northeastern Brazil. Climatic factors for instance had different effects on L. sativae populations in melon and watermelon crops. Larval abundances were greater during the dry season for both species, L. sativae and L. huidobrensis, and abundance of adult parasitoids followed the increase of mining larvae.

Type specimens of Limnophorini (Diptera: Muscidae) deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Berlin, Germany)

The type specimens of 153 species of Limnophorini in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany, were revised. Differential diagnoses, notes on the types, and photographs of some of them (habitus and labels) are provided.

Type specimens of Limnophorini (Diptera: Muscidae) deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Berlin, Germany)

The type specimens of 153 species of Limnophorini in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany, were revised. Differential diagnoses, notes on the types, and photographs of some of them (habitus and labels) are provided.(AU)

New species of Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) from Brazil

Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) is a Neotropical genus with 10 known species. The present paper describes a new species from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI). Male and female terminalia were dissected and illustrated.

New species of Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) from Brazil

Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) is a Neotropical genus with 10 known species. The present paper describes a new species from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI). Male and female terminalia were dissected and illustrated.(AU)

A new host for Philornis torquans (Diptera, Muscidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado

Philornis larvae and pupae were collected in nestlings of Neothraupis fasciata (Lichtenstein), the White-banded Tanager (Passeriformes, Thraupidae), in three breeding seasons, between October and November 2003-2005 in a reserve in central Brazil. Here, we present biological data, diagnosis to the recognition of the species and a key to the segregation of species occurring in the Cerrado. The larvae were intradermic in the nestlings and the pupae were collected in the nests after the birds have abandoned them. The immatures collected were taken to the laboratory and reared under laboratory conditions, until emergence. The species identified as Philornis torquans (Nielsen), is here firstly recorded from the Brazilian Cerrado, and firstly recorded its association with N. fasciata. With this record, the number of Philornis species occurring in the Cerrado rises to three.

A new host for Philornis torquans (Diptera, Muscidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado

Philornis larvae and pupae were collected in nestlings of Neothraupis fasciata (Lichtenstein), the White-banded Tanager (Passeriformes, Thraupidae), in three breeding seasons, between October and November 2003-2005 in a reserve in central Brazil. Here, we present biological data, diagnosis to the recognition of the species and a key to the segregation of species occurring in the Cerrado. The larvae were intradermic in the nestlings and the pupae were collected in the nests after the birds have abandoned them. The immatures collected were taken to the laboratory and reared under laboratory conditions, until emergence. The species identified as Philornis torquans (Nielsen), is here firstly recorded from the Brazilian Cerrado, and firstly recorded its association with N. fasciata. With this record, the number of Philornis species occurring in the Cerrado rises to three.(AU)

Phytobia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species, new record and a key to the Neotropical species

Phytobia Lioy, 1864 flies occur in all continents. There are four recorded species of these flies in Brazil, but recent expeditions at unexplored areas in the country have revealed that the genus is far more diverse than previously known. Based on material collected in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia (as part of the SISBIOTA Diptera Project), we describe fourteen new species of Phytobia. Additionally, we redescribe P. kallima (Frost), previously recorded only from Panama, and provide a key to the 32 resulting Neotropical species. All descriptions include details and illustrations of the male and female terminalia. The speciemens are deposited in the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo, Brazil) and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).

Two new Japanagromyza Sasakawa (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil

Japanagromyza Sasakawa, 1958 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is poorly known from Brazil, with only three species recorded. This contribution increases the knowledge of the genus in Brazil, where two new species are described and illustrations of male and female adults and terminalia are presented. The material was collected in states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rondônia and is deposited in the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.(AU)

Phytobia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species, new record and a key to the Neotropical species

Phytobia Lioy, 1864 flies occur in all continents. There are four recorded species of these flies in Brazil, but recent expeditions at unexplored areas in the country have revealed that the genus is far more diverse than previously known. Based on material collected in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia (as part of the SISBIOTA Diptera Project), we describe fourteen new species of Phytobia. Additionally, we redescribe P. kallima (Frost), previously recorded only from Panama, and provide a key to the 32 resulting Neotropical species. All descriptions include details and illustrations of the male and female terminalia. The speciemens are deposited in the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo, Brazil) and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).(AU)

Two new Japanagromyza Sasakawa (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil

Japanagromyza Sasakawa, 1958 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is poorly known from Brazil, with only three species recorded. This contribution increases the knowledge of the genus in Brazil, where two new species are described and illustrations of male and female adults and terminalia are presented. The material was collected in states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rondônia and is deposited in the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.

Two new Japanagromyza Sasakawa (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil

ABSTRACT Japanagromyza Sasakawa, 1958 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is poorly known from Brazil, with only three species recorded. This contribution increases the knowledge of the genus in Brazil, where two new species are described and illustrations of male and female adults and terminalia are presented. The material was collected in states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rondônia and is deposited in the collections of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo and Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.

Uruleskia Townsend (Diptera, Tachinidae): redescription of the type-species, description of new species and key to identification

The unique species of Uruleskia Townsend, 1934 (Diptera, Tachinidae) - U. aurescens Townsend, 1934 - is recorded only from Brazil. Its holotype and paratypes are herein redescribed with illustration of male terminalia. The examination of a material mainly from Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazônia (INPA, Manaus, Brazil) enabled the description of four new species - Uruleskia alba sp. nov., Uruleskia extremipilosa sp. nov., Uruleskia infima sp. nov. and Uruleskia parcapilosa sp. nov. A key to the identification of all five species is also presented.

A única espécie de Uruleskia Townsend, 1934 (Diptera, Tachinidae) - U. aurescens Townsend, 1934 - é registrada apenas no Brasil. Seu holótipo e parátipos são aqui redescritos com ilustração da terminália do macho. O exame de extenso material pertencente principalmente ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazônia (INPA) ensejou a descrição de quatro novas espécies - Uruleskia alba sp. nov., Uruleskia extremipilosa sp. nov., Uruleskia infima sp. nov. e Uruleskia parcapilosa sp. nov. Uma chave para identificação das cinco species também é apresentada.

Uruleskia Townsend (Diptera, Tachinidae): redescription of the type-species, description of new species and key to identification

The unique species of Uruleskia Townsend, 1934 (Diptera, Tachinidae) - U. aurescens Townsend, 1934 - is recorded only from Brazil. Its holotype and paratypes are herein redescribed with illustration of male terminalia. The examination of a material mainly from Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazônia (INPA, Manaus, Brazil) enabled the description of four new species - Uruleskia alba sp. nov., Uruleskia extremipilosa sp. nov., Uruleskia infima sp. nov. and Uruleskia parcapilosa sp. nov. A key to the identification of all five species is also presented.

A única espécie de Uruleskia Townsend, 1934 (Diptera, Tachinidae) - U. aurescens Townsend, 1934 - é registrada apenas no Brasil. Seu holótipo e parátipos são aqui redescritos com ilustração da terminália do macho. O exame de extenso material pertencente principalmente ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa da Amazônia (INPA) ensejou a descrição de quatro novas espécies - Uruleskia alba sp. nov., Uruleskia extremipilosa sp. nov., Uruleskia infima sp. nov. e Uruleskia parcapilosa sp. nov. Uma chave para identificação das cinco species também é apresentada.

Revision of neotropical genea rondani (Diptera, Tachinidae, Tachininae, Leskiini)

The Neotropical species of Genea Rondani, 1850 (Diptera, Tachinidae, Tachininae, Leskiini) are revised by the examination of type-material of almost all species and a large material deposited in many scientific collections. G. australis (Townsend), G. brasiliensis (Townsend), G. gracilis James, G. jaynesi (Aldrich), G. major (Townsend), G. pellucens (Curran), G. tenuirostris (James), G. trifaria (Wiedemann) were keyed and redescribed with the first descriptions of male terminalia. G. longipalpis (Wulp) was not included in this study as no material was examined and the available data are restricted to the original description. G. glossata (Townsend) is proposed as a junior synonym of G. trifaria. G. paulistana sp. nov. from São Paulo is proposed as a new species.

As espécies neotropicais de Genea Rondani, 1850 (Diptera, Tachinidae, Tachininae, Leskiini) são revisadas através do exame do material-tipo de quase todas as species e um copioso material depositado em várias coleções científicas. G. australis (Townsend), G. brasiliensis (Townsend), G. gracilis James, G. jaynesi (Aldrich), G. major (Townsend), G. pellucens (Curran), G. tenuirostris (James), G. trifaria (Wiedemann) foram chaveadas e redescritas, com as primeiras descrições das terminãlias masculinas. G. longipalpis (Wulp) não foi incluída nesse estudo, pois nenhum material foi examinado e os dados disponíveis são restritos a descrição original. G. glossata (Townsend) é proposta como sinônimo junior de G. trifaria. G. paulistana sp. nov. proveniente de São Paulo é proposta como uma nova espécie.

Revision of neotropical genea rondani (Diptera, Tachinidae, Tachininae, Leskiini)

The Neotropical species of Genea Rondani, 1850 (Diptera, Tachinidae, Tachininae, Leskiini) are revised by the examination of type-material of almost all species and a large material deposited in many scientific collections. G. australis (Townsend), G. brasiliensis (Townsend), G. gracilis James, G. jaynesi (Aldrich), G. major (Townsend), G. pellucens (Curran), G. tenuirostris (James), G. trifaria (Wiedemann) were keyed and redescribed with the first descriptions of male terminalia. G. longipalpis (Wulp) was not included in this study as no material was examined and the available data are restricted to the original description. G. glossata (Townsend) is proposed as a junior synonym of G. trifaria. G. paulistana sp. nov. from São Paulo is proposed as a new species.

As espécies neotropicais de Genea Rondani, 1850 (Diptera, Tachinidae, Tachininae, Leskiini) são revisadas através do exame do material-tipo de quase todas as species e um copioso material depositado em várias coleções científicas. G. australis (Townsend), G. brasiliensis (Townsend), G. gracilis James, G. jaynesi (Aldrich), G. major (Townsend), G. pellucens (Curran), G. tenuirostris (James), G. trifaria (Wiedemann) foram chaveadas e redescritas, com as primeiras descrições das terminãlias masculinas. G. longipalpis (Wulp) não foi incluída nesse estudo, pois nenhum material foi examinado e os dados disponíveis são restritos a descrição original. G. glossata (Townsend) é proposta como sinônimo junior de G. trifaria. G. paulistana sp. nov. proveniente de São Paulo é proposta como uma nova espécie.

A new Syllimnophora with a key to the species from Ecuador (Diptera: Muscidae)

Syllimnophora Speiser belongs to the Limnophorini tribe of the Coenosiinae subfamily. The genus can be distinguished from the others by the presence of cilia on the apical half of the dorsal surface of vein R1, combined with a strongly projected gena. In he Neotropical Region 28 species are known, three of them recorded from Ecuador - S. atrovittata (Stein), S. browni (Snyder) and S. suavis (Stein). The study of material from South America deposited at Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris) enabled the description of one species new to science - S. argentifrontata sp. nov. from San Miguel de Ibarra (Ecuador). A key to the identification of the four species is given.

A new Syllimnophora with a key to the species from Ecuador (Diptera: Muscidae)

Syllimnophora Speiser belongs to the Limnophorini tribe of the Coenosiinae subfamily. The genus can be distinguished from the others by the presence of cilia on the apical half of the dorsal surface of vein R1, combined with a strongly projected gena. In he Neotropical Region 28 species are known, three of them recorded from Ecuador - S. atrovittata (Stein), S. browni (Snyder) and S. suavis (Stein). The study of material from South America deposited at Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (Paris) enabled the description of one species new to science - S. argentifrontata sp. nov. from San Miguel de Ibarra (Ecuador). A key to the identification of the four species is given.