Histomorphometric and vascular changes in equine endometrium after the infusion of conceptus fragments

This experiment aimed to verify if the proteins present in a 13th day conceptus induce changes in the equine endometrial ultra-structure, histology, and vascularization, two days after its infusion. Ten healthy cyclic mares were used. Once estrus was confirmed, mares were examined daily to detect ovulation (day 0). After ovulation, mares were examined daily until day seven by transrectal palpation and B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. In this first cycle, intrauterine biopsies were collected at day seven after ovulation, constituting the Cyclic group (n = 10). In the second cycle, the same mares daily were examined until ovulation was detected. After ovulation, mares were examined daily by transrectal palpation and B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography until day 7. On day 5, after ovulation, fragments from previously collected 13-day-old concepti were infused into the uterus of each mare. Intrauterine biopsies were collected at day 7 in all mares (n = 10), constituting the Fragment group. The percentage of ciliated and flattened cells decreased in the Fragment group. Protruded cells, superficial and intraglandular secretion, glandular lumen and diameter, blood vessel diameter, endometrial vascularization, and immune cells were higher in the Fragment group than in the Cyclic group. In summary, proteins of 13th day equine conceptus fragments infused at day five after ovulation signaled histological and vascular changes in the endometrium at the 7th day after ovulation.

Histomorphometric and vascular changes in equine endometrium after the infusion of conceptus fragments

This experiment aimed to verify if the proteins present in a 13th day conceptus induce changes in the equine endometrial ultra-structure, histology, and vascularization, two days after its infusion. Ten healthy cyclic mares were used. Once estrus was confirmed, mares were examined daily to detect ovulation (day 0). After ovulation, mares were examined daily until day seven by transrectal palpation and B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. In this first cycle, intrauterine biopsies were collected at day seven after ovulation, constituting the Cyclic group (n = 10). In the second cycle, the same mares daily were examined until ovulation was detected. After ovulation, mares were examined daily by transrectal palpation and B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography until day 7. On day 5, after ovulation, fragments from previously collected 13-day-old concepti were infused into the uterus of each mare. Intrauterine biopsies were collected at day 7 in all mares (n = 10), constituting the Fragment group. The percentage of ciliated and flattened cells decreased in the Fragment group. Protruded cells, superficial and intraglandular secretion, glandular lumen and diameter, blood vessel diameter, endometrial vascularization, and immune cells were higher in the Fragment group than in the Cyclic group. In summary, proteins of 13th day equine conceptus fragments infused at day five after ovulation signaled histological and vascular changes in the endometrium at the 7th day after ovulation.(AU)

Viability of Equine Semen Stored in a Polyethylene System for Transport for Eight Hours

Background: Equine semen storage and shipment, being it colled or frozen, allows the veterinarian to direct matings, providing the use of genetically superior stallions, which are mostly located in breeding stations or training centers. Achieving good pregnancy rates depends, beyond the moment of artificial insemination (AI), on factors related to the semen cooling, such as: system used for transport, cooling rate, final storage temperature, storage time and individual variation among stallions, such as age and resistance to cooling. Based on these aspects, this experiment was conducted in order to test a polyethylene system to ship equine semen.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 87 ejaculates from five stallions with known fertility were used. The stallions aged between 6 to 14 years old, being three Thoroughbred and two Miniature Pony horse. The ejaculates were collected twice a week using a Hannover artificial vagina. After each collection, the semen sample was macroscopically evaluated for appearance, color and smell. A semen sample was used to evaluate the parameters of total motility, vigor and concentration, being these last three parameters assessed by counting 100 sperm cells for analysis. These analysis were performed using an optical microscope, being the concentration taken with a Neubauer chamber after dilution of 1:20 (semen: citrate formol). Subsequentl

O endométrio no transporte espermático e durante a gestação precoce / The endometrium in the sperm transport and during early gestation

Este trabalho objetivou revisar as ações do endométrio durante o transporte espermático após a cobertura ou inseminação artificial e suas alterações após a entrada do embrião no útero até a formação da placenta.(AU)

This paper aimed to review the endometrial actions during the sperm transport after breeding or artificial insemination and the changes occurred after the embryo enter in the uterus until placenta formation.(AU)

O endométrio no transporte espermático e durante a gestação precoce / The endometrium in the sperm transport and during early gestation

Este trabalho objetivou revisar as ações do endométrio durante o transporte espermático após a cobertura ou inseminação artificial e suas alterações após a entrada do embrião no útero até a formação da placenta.

This paper aimed to review the endometrial actions during the sperm transport after breeding or artificial insemination and the changes occurred after the embryo enter in the uterus until placenta formation.

Viability of Equine Semen Stored in a Polyethylene System for Transport for Eight Hours

Background: Equine semen storage and shipment, being it colled or frozen, allows the veterinarian to direct matings, providing the use of genetically superior stallions, which are mostly located in breeding stations or training centers. Achieving good pregnancy rates depends, beyond the moment of artificial insemination (AI), on factors related to the semen cooling, such as: system used for transport, cooling rate, final storage temperature, storage time and individual variation among stallions, such as age and resistance to cooling. Based on these aspects, this experiment was conducted in order to test a polyethylene system to ship equine semen.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 87 ejaculates from five stallions with known fertility were used. The stallions aged between 6 to 14 years old, being three Thoroughbred and two Miniature Pony horse. The ejaculates were collected twice a week using a Hannover artificial vagina. After each collection, the semen sample was macroscopically evaluated for appearance, color and smell. A semen sample was used to evaluate the parameters of total motility, vigor and concentration, being these last three parameters assessed by counting 100 sperm cells for analysis. These analysis were performed using an optical microscope, being the concentration taken with a Neubauer chamber after dilution of 1:20 (semen: citrate formol). Subsequentl

Viability of Equine Semen Stored in a Polyethylene System for Transport for Eight Hours

Background: Equine semen storage and shipment, being it colled or frozen, allows the veterinarian to direct matings, providing the use of genetically superior stallions, which are mostly located in breeding stations or training centers. Achieving good pregnancy rates depends, beyond the moment of artificial insemination (AI), on factors related to the semen cooling, such as: system used for transport, cooling rate, final storage temperature, storage time and individual variation among stallions, such as age and resistance to cooling. Based on these aspects, this experiment was conducted in order to test a polyethylene system to ship equine semen.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 87 ejaculates from five stallions with known fertility were used. The stallions aged between 6 to 14 years old, being three Thoroughbred and two Miniature Pony horse. The ejaculates were collected twice a week using a Hannover artificial vagina. After each collection, the semen sample was macroscopically evaluated for appearance, color and smell. A semen sample was used to evaluate the parameters of total motility, vigor and concentration, being these last three parameters assessed by counting 100 sperm cells for analysis. These analysis were performed using an optical microscope, being the concentration taken with a Neubauer chamber after dilution of 1:20 (semen: citrate formol). Subsequentl

Viability of Equine Semen Stored in a Polyethylene System for Transport for Eight Hours

Background: Equine semen storage and shipment, being it colled or frozen, allows the veterinarian to direct matings, providing the use of genetically superior stallions, which are mostly located in breeding stations or training centers. Achieving good pregnancy rates depends, beyond the moment of artificial insemination (AI), on factors related to the semen cooling, such as: system used for transport, cooling rate, final storage temperature, storage time and individual variation among stallions, such as age and resistance to cooling. Based on these aspects, this experiment was conducted in order to test a polyethylene system to ship equine semen.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 87 ejaculates from five stallions with known fertility were used. The stallions aged between 6 to 14 years old, being three Thoroughbred and two Miniature Pony horse. The ejaculates were collected twice a week using a Hannover artificial vagina. After each collection, the semen sample was macroscopically evaluated for appearance, color and smell. A semen sample was used to evaluate the parameters of total motility, vigor and concentration, being these last three parameters assessed by counting 100 sperm cells for analysis. These analysis were performed using an optical microscope, being the concentration taken with a Neubauer chamber after dilution of 1:20 (semen: citrate formol). Subsequentl

Viability of Equine Semen Stored in a Polyethylene System for Transport for Eight Hours

Background: Equine semen storage and shipment, being it colled or frozen, allows the veterinarian to direct matings, providing the use of genetically superior stallions, which are mostly located in breeding stations or training centers. Achieving good pregnancy rates depends, beyond the moment of artificial insemination (AI), on factors related to the semen cooling, such as: system used for transport, cooling rate, final storage temperature, storage time and individual variation among stallions, such as age and resistance to cooling. Based on these aspects, this experiment was conducted in order to test a polyethylene system to ship equine semen.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 87 ejaculates from five stallions with known fertility were used. The stallions aged between 6 to 14 years old, being three Thoroughbred and two Miniature Pony horse. The ejaculates were collected twice a week using a Hannover artificial vagina. After each collection, the semen sample was macroscopically evaluated for appearance, color and smell. A semen sample was used to evaluate the parameters of total motility, vigor and concentration, being these last three parameters assessed by counting 100 sperm cells for analysis. These analysis were performed using an optical microscope, being the concentration taken with a Neubauer chamber after dilution of 1:20 (semen: citrate formol). Subsequentl