Morphology of the stomach of tayra (Eira barbara)

Background: The Tayra (Eira barbara) is a mammal of the family Mustelidae with a significant presence in Latin America, it is considered an opportunist and extremely agile omnivorous. Some organs compose the digestive system and the stomach is a substantial organ for this system. The stomach have a small and a large curvature and the regions of the cardia, fundus, body and pylorus. Histologically, the stomach is made up of four layers or tunics that contributes in digestive functions. However, due the limited information available in the literature about morphophysiology of wildlife, this study aimed to clarify the morphology of Eira barbara stomach to understand your digestive system.Materials, Methods & Results: Three males and three females of Eira barbara species were studied (all young adults), all samples were originated of the Bauxite Mine area, in Paragominas, Pará state, Brazil provided of donation to Morphological Animal Research Laboratory (LaPMa) of the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia (UFRA), after death by trampling. The corpses were treated with aqueous 10% formaldehyde solution intramuscular injections, subcutaneous and intracavitary. After dissection, the collected material was processed following histologic standard protocols for the subsequent preparation of slides. The studied animals showed the stomach on the left antimere the abdominal cavity, with saccular format with the presence of large and small curvatures. The organ showed composite mucosa made with various gastric folds distributed in regions of the cardia, fundus and pylorus. A microscopic analysis of Eira barbara stomach revealed the presence of tunics or layers which gradually invaginate the lumen of the organ and underlying lamina propria was located to the prismatic epithelium and muscular mucosae and mucosa itself.[...](AU)

Morphology of the stomach of tayra (Eira barbara)

Background: The Tayra (Eira barbara) is a mammal of the family Mustelidae with a significant presence in Latin America, it is considered an opportunist and extremely agile omnivorous. Some organs compose the digestive system and the stomach is a substantial organ for this system. The stomach have a small and a large curvature and the regions of the cardia, fundus, body and pylorus. Histologically, the stomach is made up of four layers or tunics that contributes in digestive functions. However, due the limited information available in the literature about morphophysiology of wildlife, this study aimed to clarify the morphology of Eira barbara stomach to understand your digestive system.Materials, Methods & Results: Three males and three females of Eira barbara species were studied (all young adults), all samples were originated of the Bauxite Mine area, in Paragominas, Pará state, Brazil provided of donation to Morphological Animal Research Laboratory (LaPMa) of the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazonia (UFRA), after death by trampling. The corpses were treated with aqueous 10% formaldehyde solution intramuscular injections, subcutaneous and intracavitary. After dissection, the collected material was processed following histologic standard protocols for the subsequent preparation of slides. The studied animals showed the stomach on the left antimere the abdominal cavity, with saccular format with the presence of large and small curvatures. The organ showed composite mucosa made with various gastric folds distributed in regions of the cardia, fundus and pylorus. A microscopic analysis of Eira barbara stomach revealed the presence of tunics or layers which gradually invaginate the lumen of the organ and underlying lamina propria was located to the prismatic epithelium and muscular mucosae and mucosa itself.[...]

Miologia comparada do membro torácico de macaco-prego e macaco-da-noite / Comparative myology of the forelimb in capuchin and night monkeys

Background: The capuchin monkey (Sapajus apella) and the night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) are primates with broad distribution in South America. Sapajus apella is best-studied species in the genus Cebus, and is commonly found in captivity in parks, zoos, and sorting centers in Brazil. Species in the genus Aotus have a primitive appearance with large eye sockets, and their nocturnal habits are unique among the apes today. Because these two species belong to the same order, they have similar morphological characteristics. In this work, we conduct a comparative study of the forelimb musculature between these two species to produce data for use in veterinary procedures.Materials, Methods & Results: Three capuchin monkey and three night monkey specimens were used, two females and one male for each species. Specimens were acquired from the National Center for Primates under approval from the Animal Research (CEPAN/IEC/SVS/MS) No. 008/2010. Specimens were frozen and donated after death by natural causes to the LaPMA (Animal Morphology Research Laboratory) at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA). After being thawed in running water, the animals were fixed by intramuscular injection with 10% formaldehyde in aqueous solution and dissected to display thoracic limb muscle groups. Dissections were performed using basic instrumentation by creating a medial incision from the carpal region to the axillary region. After incision, the skin was folded and muscles were separated in order to identify muscle groups. The nomenclature adopted was based on the veterinary anatomy, and books about human anatomy for comparison of forearm muscles. The muscles that compound the shoulder was the supraspinal and infra-spinal. The arm was composed by the teres major and minor, the triceps brachii (long head, lateral head, and medial head), brachialis, biceps brachii, tensor muscle of the antebrachial fascia, coracobrachialis, and anconeous.[...]

Miologia comparada do membro torácico de macaco-prego e macaco-da-noite / Comparative myology of the forelimb in capuchin and night monkeys

Background: The capuchin monkey (Sapajus apella) and the night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) are primates with broad distribution in South America. Sapajus apella is best-studied species in the genus Cebus, and is commonly found in captivity in parks, zoos, and sorting centers in Brazil. Species in the genus Aotus have a primitive appearance with large eye sockets, and their nocturnal habits are unique among the apes today. Because these two species belong to the same order, they have similar morphological characteristics. In this work, we conduct a comparative study of the forelimb musculature between these two species to produce data for use in veterinary procedures.Materials, Methods & Results: Three capuchin monkey and three night monkey specimens were used, two females and one male for each species. Specimens were acquired from the National Center for Primates under approval from the Animal Research (CEPAN/IEC/SVS/MS) No. 008/2010. Specimens were frozen and donated after death by natural causes to the LaPMA (Animal Morphology Research Laboratory) at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA). After being thawed in running water, the animals were fixed by intramuscular injection with 10% formaldehyde in aqueous solution and dissected to display thoracic limb muscle groups. Dissections were performed using basic instrumentation by creating a medial incision from the carpal region to the axillary region. After incision, the skin was folded and muscles were separated in order to identify muscle groups. The nomenclature adopted was based on the veterinary anatomy, and books about human anatomy for comparison of forearm muscles. The muscles that compound the shoulder was the supraspinal and infra-spinal. The arm was composed by the teres major and minor, the triceps brachii (long head, lateral head, and medial head), brachialis, biceps brachii, tensor muscle of the antebrachial fascia, coracobrachialis, and anconeous.[...](AU)

Mammary gland morphology in the northern Amazon red squirrel (Sciurus igniventris) / Morfologia da glândula mamária em esquilo do Norte Amazônico (Sciurus igniventris)

Sciurus igniventris is a squirrel with broad distribution in South America. We examined one female adult specimen which was donated after death by trampling. The aim of this work was describe the morphological characteristics of mammary gland of one specimen. The body was fixed using 10% aqueous formaldehyde. Tissues were processed and slides prepared following standard histological protocols. Morphological analysis of the mammary glands revealed similarities to those described in the literature for domestic and wild mammals. As special features in kind, macroscopically identified a pair of thoracic glands, followed by three pairs of abdominal glands. Microscopically the abundant presence of connective tissue dividing the alveolar-tubular glands. Similar to that described for domestic and wild mammals.(AU)

Sciurus igniventris é um esquilo com distribuição na América do Sul. Nós examinamos uma fêmea adulta que foi doada após morte por atropelamento. O objetivo do trabalho foi descrever as características morfológicas da glândula mamária de um exemplar da espécie. O animal foi fixado utilizando solução aquosa de formoldeído a 10%. Os tecidos foram processados e lâminas foram preparadas seguindo protocolos histológicos padrões. A análise morfológica da glândula mamária revelou similaridades com o que temos descrito na literatura para animais domésticos e selvagens. Como particularidades na espécie, macroscopicamente foi identificado um par de glândulas torácicas, seguidas por três pares de glândulas abdominais. Microscopicamente ocorreu a presença abundante de tecido conectivo dividindo as glândulas túbuloalveolares. Semelhante ao descrito para mamíferos domésticos e selvagens.(AU)