Changes induced by pathogens and metabolic stress on endometrial function in cattle: possible impacts of increased inflammation on fertility / Mudanças induzidas por patógenos e estresse metabólico na função endometrial de bovinos: possíveis impactos do aumento da inflamação na fertilidade

Harmonized embryo maternal relationships, are necessary at the beginning of pregnancy to insure the development of the young embryo and of the placenta. Specific mechanisms modulate the immune balance towards immune-tolerance for the embryo to be accepted by the endometrium. By the same time this tissue is submitted to intense remodelling, under complex signalling, allowing implantation. Some pathogens and metabolic stress, especially excessive mobilisation of fat tissue, disturb this delicate balance. This review describes how these stressors can alter endometrial function through pro-inflammatory mechanisms and by inducing changes of specific signals possibly altering the establishment of contacts and functional interactions between the embryo and the endometrium around time of implantation.(AU)

Changes induced by pathogens and metabolic stress on endometrial function in cattle: possible impacts of increased inflammation on fertility / Mudanças induzidas por patógenos e estresse metabólico na função endometrial de bovinos: possíveis impactos do aumento da inflamação na fertilidade

Harmonized embryo maternal relationships, are necessary at the beginning of pregnancy to insure the development of the young embryo and of the placenta. Specific mechanisms modulate the immune balance towards immune-tolerance for the embryo to be accepted by the endometrium. By the same time this tissue is submitted to intense remodelling, under complex signalling, allowing implantation. Some pathogens and metabolic stress, especially excessive mobilisation of fat tissue, disturb this delicate balance. This review describes how these stressors can alter endometrial function through pro-inflammatory mechanisms and by inducing changes of specific signals possibly altering the establishment of contacts and functional interactions between the embryo and the endometrium around time of implantation.

Effects of light intensity on growth, anti-stress ability and immune function in yellow feathered broilers

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of light intensity on growth, anti-stress ability, and immune function of yellow feathered broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old male Lingnan yellow feathered broilers were randomly allocated to 4 treatments based on light intensity (1, 5, 20 and 80 lx) with 8 replicates of 15 chicks each. The experiment lasted for 63 days. Compared with those under high light intensity, broilers exposed to low light intensity had higher (p<0.05) total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), a-Naphthylacetate esterase (ANAE+), antibody titer, but lower (p<0.05) malonaldehyde (MDA) levels and heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L). There was a linear effect for T-AOC(p=0.002), GSH-Px(p≤0.047), MDA (p=0.003), H/L(p≤0.014), ANAE+ (p≤0.044), and antibody titer (p≤0.021) with T-AOC, GSH-Px, ANAE+, and antibody titer increased significantly as light intensity decreased, whereas MDA and H/L were decreased with the decrease in light intensity. These results suggested that broilers under low light intensity could have similar performance, better anti-stress ability, stronger immune function, and more efficient in energy usage as compared with those exposed to high light intensity environment.(AU)

Effects of light intensity on growth, anti-stress ability and immune function in yellow feathered broilers

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of light intensity on growth, anti-stress ability, and immune function of yellow feathered broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old male Lingnan yellow feathered broilers were randomly allocated to 4 treatments based on light intensity (1, 5, 20 and 80 lx) with 8 replicates of 15 chicks each. The experiment lasted for 63 days. Compared with those under high light intensity, broilers exposed to low light intensity had higher (p<0.05) total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), a-Naphthylacetate esterase (ANAE+), antibody titer, but lower (p<0.05) malonaldehyde (MDA) levels and heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L). There was a linear effect for T-AOC(p=0.002), GSH-Px(p≤0.047), MDA (p=0.003), H/L(p≤0.014), ANAE+ (p≤0.044), and antibody titer (p≤0.021) with T-AOC, GSH-Px, ANAE+, and antibody titer increased significantly as light intensity decreased, whereas MDA and H/L were decreased with the decrease in light intensity. These results suggested that broilers under low light intensity could have similar performance, better anti-stress ability, stronger immune function, and more efficient in energy usage as compared with those exposed to high light intensity environment.