Bovine leukemia virus antibodies in dairy cattle farms and milk cooling tanks

Background: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus. It is common infectious viruses of cattle with worldwide distribution. Milk from infected cows often contains BLV-infected cells are a common cause of infection. Eradication andcontrol of BLV is based on early diagnostic. Both serum and milk samples can be tested by ELISA and it is possible to testeither individual samples or, at a herd level, milk cooling tanks (MCT) samples. The aim of this study is to determine BLVantibodies (Abs) in the MCT, milk cans, and individual blood and milk samples of dairy cows in dairy cattle managementslocated in Burdur center and its districts and to follow and study the infection on the milk production chain.Materials, Methods & Results: Milk samples were collected from 50 main MCT. Studies were carried out in the managements that seven BLV Ab (+) and seven Ab (-) in their main MCT were located. For this purpose, milk samples werecollected from mixed milk cans that were collected from managements providing milk for main MCT. Blood and milksamples were collected from dairy cows, housed in managements where BLV Ab (+) and Ab (-) was detected. Highestand lowest percent BLV (+) management, percent BLV (+) can numbers and percent milk amount were in 1 ton and 2ton MCT, respectively. Moreover, these parameters were paralleled in all MCT. Percent BLV (+) and milk amounts werehighest in 3 ton MCT and lowest in 2 ton MCT. In addition, these parameters were paralleled in all MCT. Distributionsin BLV (+) managements ranged from 15 to 75%. It was detected at the individual animal levels, BLV (+) milk sampledistributions ranged between 7.4 and 38.4%. Age range of the BLV (+) cows was between 3 and 11 years. Individual BLVtests between milk and serum samples were correlated positively in 5 managements (71.4%). On the other hand, the correlation was not detected in 2 of the managements (28.6%) that the individual milk and serum samples were collected. BLV...(AU)

Bovine leukemia virus antibodies in dairy cattle farms and milk cooling tanks

Background: Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus. It is common infectious viruses of cattle with worldwide distribution. Milk from infected cows often contains BLV-infected cells are a common cause of infection. Eradication andcontrol of BLV is based on early diagnostic. Both serum and milk samples can be tested by ELISA and it is possible to testeither individual samples or, at a herd level, milk cooling tanks (MCT) samples. The aim of this study is to determine BLVantibodies (Abs) in the MCT, milk cans, and individual blood and milk samples of dairy cows in dairy cattle managementslocated in Burdur center and its districts and to follow and study the infection on the milk production chain.Materials, Methods & Results: Milk samples were collected from 50 main MCT. Studies were carried out in the managements that seven BLV Ab (+) and seven Ab (-) in their main MCT were located. For this purpose, milk samples werecollected from mixed milk cans that were collected from managements providing milk for main MCT. Blood and milksamples were collected from dairy cows, housed in managements where BLV Ab (+) and Ab (-) was detected. Highestand lowest percent BLV (+) management, percent BLV (+) can numbers and percent milk amount were in 1 ton and 2ton MCT, respectively. Moreover, these parameters were paralleled in all MCT. Percent BLV (+) and milk amounts werehighest in 3 ton MCT and lowest in 2 ton MCT. In addition, these parameters were paralleled in all MCT. Distributionsin BLV (+) managements ranged from 15 to 75%. It was detected at the individual animal levels, BLV (+) milk sampledistributions ranged between 7.4 and 38.4%. Age range of the BLV (+) cows was between 3 and 11 years. Individual BLVtests between milk and serum samples were correlated positively in 5 managements (71.4%). On the other hand, the correlation was not detected in 2 of the managements (28.6%) that the individual milk and serum samples were collected. BLV...

Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea, bovine herpesvirus type 1 and 4 infections in repeat breeding cows in Western Turkey / Prevalência de infecções por vírus da diarreia viral bovina e herpesvírus tipos 1 e 4 em fêmeas bovinas repetidoras do cio na região oeste da Turquia

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis and Bovine Herpesvirus Type 4 infections are widelyknown viral infections as the reproductive system pathogen in cattle. The purpose of this study was to investigate thepresence and prevalence of these infections in Repeat Breeding diagnosed cows. A total of 139 blood samples werecollected from nine different dairy herds in Western Turkey. All sampled animals were clinically healthy but not becomepregnant even though they were three to eleven times artificially inseminated. The samples were controlled serologicallyfor BHV1 and BHV4 using ELISA test, 2% and 3.9% proportions were detected, respectively. These values were foundto be very low in comparison to other studies in Turkey. Out of 139, 81 (58.2%) cows were found to be seropositive forBVDV, and the percentage was above the 70% in six herds. BVD antigen was detected in two animals in a herd with71.4% antibody rates. Antigen positive animals were sampled and tested again four weeks later and persistent viremiawere confirmed. In conclusion, BVDV infection may be responsible for repeat breeding in studied herds.(AU)

Infecções por Vírus da Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVDV), Vírus da Rinotraqueíte Infecciosa Bovina (BHV-1) e HerpesvírusTipo 4 (BHV-4) são amplamente reconhecidas como infecções do trato reprodutivo em bovinos. O objetivo desteestudo foi investigar a presença e a prevalência destas infecções em fêmeas bovinas repetidoras de cio. Um total de 139amostras de sangue foi colhido de nove diferentes propriedades leiteiras na região Oeste da Turquia. Todos os animaisamostrados estavam clinicamente saudáveis, embora não tenham sido enxertados por inseminação artificial após trêsa onze tentativas. As amostras de soro foram testadas por método ELISA para detecção de anticorpos anti-BHV-1 eBHV-4, e 2,0 e 3,9% das amostras, respectivamente, foram consideradas positivas. Estes valores foram consideradosbaixos quando comparados com os de outros estudos na Turquia. De 139 amostras, 81 (58,2%) foram positivas para apresença de anticorpos anti-BVDV e mais de 70% das propriedades foram reveladas positivas. O antígeno de BVDVfoi detectado em dois animais em uma propriedade em que 71,4% dos animais eram soropositivos. Animais positivospara a presença de antígenos foram amostrados e testados novamente quatro semanas depois e viremia persistente foidetectada. Concluindo, infecção por BVDV pode ser responsável pelas perdas reprodutivas nas propriedades estudadas.(AU)