Resumo
Cereus jamacaru is a widespread Cactaceae of northeast Brazil, largely used as cattle food, and as ornamental and medicinal plant. Despite its distinguished importance, until now, there has been little information about the physiological aspects involved on its germination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of light and temperature interaction on the seed germination and seedling establishment of this plant. The evaluated variables were germination percentage at 7 (% G7) and at 14 days after imbibition (% G14), germination average time index (GSI), germination average time (GAT), germination accumulated frequency (GAF), seedling dry mass and height. The highest % G14 and GSI were at 25 ºC in white light, whereas the highest GAT values were in darkness for all evaluated temperatures. On the other hand, % G14, GSI and GAF had the lowest values in darkness. Seeds germinated even in darkness, being however stimulated by the presence of light. The combination of white light and temperature of 25 or 30 °C is the most appropriate condition for seed germination tests.
Resumo
Cereus jamacaru is a widespread Cactaceae of northeast Brazil, largely used as cattle food, and as ornamental and medicinal plant. Despite its distinguished importance, until now, there has been little information about the physiological aspects involved on its germination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of light and temperature interaction on the seed germination and seedling establishment of this plant. The evaluated variables were germination percentage at 7 (% G7) and at 14 days after imbibition (% G14), germination average time index (GSI), germination average time (GAT), germination accumulated frequency (GAF), seedling dry mass and height. The highest % G14 and GSI were at 25 ºC in white light, whereas the highest GAT values were in darkness for all evaluated temperatures. On the other hand, % G14, GSI and GAF had the lowest values in darkness. Seeds germinated even in darkness, being however stimulated by the presence of light. The combination of white light and temperature of 25 or 30 °C is the most appropriate condition for seed germination tests.
Resumo
An in vitro method was developed for the establishment and regeneration of larger numbers of uniform plants from the basal parts of the flower of Gerbera jamesonii. The culture medium was MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962) solidified with 0.7% agar and supplemented with adenine (80mg/l), tyrosine (100mg/l) and different concentrations and combinations of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) with IAA (indoleacetic acid), and IAA with 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic). Multiple shoot buds formation is observed from capitulum on MS medium incorporate with 3, 6, and 9mg/l of BAP. At 3mg/l of BAP two shoot bud formation per explant are regenerate, at 6mg/l of BAP three shoots and at 9mg/l of BAP just one. 2.4-D is not necessary at this stage of culture establishment.
Na obtenção de plântulas in vitro da cv. Appelbloesem, foram utilizados capítulos jovens como explantes iniciais sendo culturados em meio MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962) solidificado com 0,7% de ágar e suplementado com adenina (80mg/l), tirosina (100mg/l) e diferentes concentrações e combinações de BAP (6-benzilaminopurina) com AIA (ácido indole-3-acético) e AIA com 2,4-D (ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético). A avaliação foi feita levando-se em consideração o número de brotos adventícios regenerados por explante, formação de calos e desenvolvimento dos capítulos estabelecidos in vitro. Conseguiu-se melhores resultados com os níveis de 3, 6 e 9mg/l de BAP, sendo que para o nível de 3mg/l de BAP regenerou-se em média, duas brotações por explante, para o nível de 6mg/l de BAP, três brotações e para o nível de 9mg/l, uma brotação. O uso do 2,4-D induz maior formação de calos para a fase de estabelecimento da cultura.
Resumo
An in vitro method was developed for the establishment and regeneration of larger numbers of uniform plants from the basal parts of the flower of Gerbera jamesonii. The culture medium was MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962) solidified with 0.7% agar and supplemented with adenine (80mg/l), tyrosine (100mg/l) and different concentrations and combinations of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) with IAA (indoleacetic acid), and IAA with 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic). Multiple shoot buds formation is observed from capitulum on MS medium incorporate with 3, 6, and 9mg/l of BAP. At 3mg/l of BAP two shoot bud formation per explant are regenerate, at 6mg/l of BAP three shoots and at 9mg/l of BAP just one. 2.4-D is not necessary at this stage of culture establishment.
Na obtenção de plântulas in vitro da cv. Appelbloesem, foram utilizados capítulos jovens como explantes iniciais sendo culturados em meio MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962) solidificado com 0,7% de ágar e suplementado com adenina (80mg/l), tirosina (100mg/l) e diferentes concentrações e combinações de BAP (6-benzilaminopurina) com AIA (ácido indole-3-acético) e AIA com 2,4-D (ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético). A avaliação foi feita levando-se em consideração o número de brotos adventícios regenerados por explante, formação de calos e desenvolvimento dos capítulos estabelecidos in vitro. Conseguiu-se melhores resultados com os níveis de 3, 6 e 9mg/l de BAP, sendo que para o nível de 3mg/l de BAP regenerou-se em média, duas brotações por explante, para o nível de 6mg/l de BAP, três brotações e para o nível de 9mg/l, uma brotação. O uso do 2,4-D induz maior formação de calos para a fase de estabelecimento da cultura.