Activities of the enzymes NTPDase, 5´-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase in platelets of rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans Serovar icterohaemorrhagiae / Activities of the enzymes NTPDase, 5´-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase in platelets of rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans Serovar icterohaemorrhagiae

Background: Leptospirosis, a spirochetal zoonotic disease caused by different serovars of Leptospira interrogans, is increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever. Although the haemorrhagic potential of leptospirosis was noted by Weil (1886) as early as 1886, its pathophysiology is still not clearly elucidated, particularly regarding the cause and mechanisms of bleeding. Studies with ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase; EC 3.6.1.5; CD39), 5´-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5; CD73) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) have demonstrated the involvement of these enzymes in thromboregulation mechanisms, and altered enzymatic activities have been reported in many diseases. Since leptospirosis is a disease increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever, the aim of this study was to evaluate these enzymes activities and parameters of platelet aggregation in platelets from rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae during different periods of experimental infection.Materials, Methods & Results: For this purpose, thirty-six adult male rats were divided into two groups: A, as uninfected control (subgroups A1, A2 and A3); and B, infected (subgroups B1, B2 and B3). Group B was inoculated intraperitoneally (Day 0) with 2 x 108 organisms per rat. Blood samples were collected on days 05 (A1 and B1), 10

Background: Leptospirosis, a spirochetal zoonotic disease caused by different serovars of Leptospira interrogans, is increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever. Although the haemorrhagic potential of leptospirosis was noted by Weil (1886) as early as 1886, its pathophysiology is still not clearly elucidated, particularly regarding the cause and mechanisms of bleeding. Studies with ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase; EC 3.6.1.5; CD39), 5´-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5; CD73) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) have demonstrated the involvement of these enzymes in thromboregulation mechanisms, and altered enzymatic activities have been reported in many diseases. Since leptospirosis is a disease increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever, the aim of this study was to evaluate these enzymes activities and parameters of platelet aggregation in platelets from rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae during different periods of experimental infection.Materials, Methods & Results: For this purpose, thirty-six adult male rats were divided into two groups: A, as uninfected control (subgroups A1, A2 and A3); and B, infected (subgroups B1, B2 and B3). Group B was inoculated intraperitoneally (Day 0) with 2 x 108 organisms per rat. Blood samples were collected on days 05 (A1 and B1), 10

Sulfate of streptomycin as a helper in leptospirosis treatment improving reproductive indexes in dairy herd / Sulfato de estreptomicina como auxiliar no tratamento de leptospirose melhorando índices reprodutivos em bovinocultura de leite

The aim of this study was to report the results of a treatment with sulfate of streptomycin in a dairy herd with positive serology for leptospirosis. Sixty animals were analyzed with clinical signs of rut repetition, irregular rut and abortions, and blood was collected to laboratory diagnosis. The used technique was microscopic serum agglutination-test (MAT) with two evaluations made in an interval of six months. In the first serological evaluation 50 animals (83,33%) were diagnosed positive (serovar hardjo), and in the second 53 animals (88,33%) had positive results (L. hardjo, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. grippotyphosa). Between these two evaluations all herd was treated with Sulfate of Streptomycin, in a single dose of 25 mg kg-1, and enrolled in a vaccination program. Ten months after the begining of the evaluations and treatment it was done a last visit to the property where favorable reproductive indexes to the Brazilian livestock production. Based on these results we conclude that the Leptospirosis is an emergent disease in the state of Rio Grande do Sul causing great damages due to the reproductive flaws caused by the infection and that the use of sulfate of streptomycin , in a single dose of 25 mg kg-1 is efficient for control of the disease, as well as the association of a vaccination program. Keywords: Leptospirosis, sulfate of streptomycin, dairy herd, reproductiv

O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar os resultados do tratamento com sulfato de estreptomicina em um rebanho de gado leiteiro com sorologia positiva para leptospirose. Foram analisados 60 animais com sinais clínicos de repetição de cio, cios irregulares e abortamentos, dos quais foi coletado sangue para diagnóstico laboratorial. A técnica utilizada foi a de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), sendo realizadas duas avaliações com intervalo de seis meses. Na primeira amostragem sorológica 50 animais (83,33%) foram diagnosticados positivos (sorovar hardjo) e na segunda avaliação 53 animais (88,33%) apresentaram resultado positivo (L. hardjo, L. icterohaemorrhagiae e L. grippotyphosa). Entre as duas avaliações todos os animais da propriedade receberam tratamento a base de sulfato de estreptomicina, dose única de 25 mg kg-1 e iniciaram um programa de vacinação. Dez meses após o início das avaliações e do tratamento foi realizada uma última visita a propriedade onde foram avaliados índices reprodutivos favoráveis para a pecuária brasileira. Com base nos resultados, conclui-se que a leptospirose é uma doença emergente no estado do Rio Grande do Sul causando grandes prejuízos devido às falhas reprodutivas ocasionadas pela infecção e que o uso de sulfato de estreptomicina na dosagem única de 25 mg kg-1 é eficiente para controle da doença, assim como a associação de um programa de vacinaç

Surto de Trichophyton equinum var. equinum em eqüinos no sul do Brasil

One outbreak of dermatophytosis in horses is described in south Brazil. Fifty eight young animals (55.2%) presented clinical signs of the disease. The mycological diagnosis was realized through the presence of fungus in the hair, associated with the macro and micromorphologic characteristics of the isolated colonies in agar also allowed the dermatophyte´s classification as Trichophyton equinum var. equinum.

Descreve-se, neste trabalho, um surto de dermatofitose eqüina no Sul do Brasil. Cinqüenta e oito animais jovens (55,2%) apresentavam lesões clínicas características da enfermidade. O diagnóstico micológico realizado pela presença do fungo nos pêlos, associado às características macro e micromorfológicas das colônias isoladas em meio de cultivo, permitiram a classificação do dermatófito como Trichophyton equinum var. equinum.

Surto de Trichophyton equinum var. equinum em eqüinos no sul do Brasil

One outbreak of dermatophytosis in horses is described in south Brazil. Fifty eight young animals (55.2%) presented clinical signs of the disease. The mycological diagnosis was realized through the presence of fungus in the hair, associated with the macro and micromorphologic characteristics of the isolated colonies in agar also allowed the dermatophyte´s classification as Trichophyton equinum var. equinum.

Descreve-se, neste trabalho, um surto de dermatofitose eqüina no Sul do Brasil. Cinqüenta e oito animais jovens (55,2%) apresentavam lesões clínicas características da enfermidade. O diagnóstico micológico realizado pela presença do fungo nos pêlos, associado às características macro e micromorfológicas das colônias isoladas em meio de cultivo, permitiram a classificação do dermatófito como Trichophyton equinum var. equinum.

Bovine leptospirosis: increased incidence of Leptospira interogans serovar butembo in the herd of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil / LEPTOSPIROSE BOVINA: AUMENTO NA DETECÇÃO SOROLÓGICA DA Leptospira interogans SOROVAR butembo NO REBANHO DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA, BRASIL

Reproductive problems are the main clinical manifestations of leptospirosis in cows and it is often the only signs observed in the herd. Leptospira Interogans serovar hardjo is the most prevalent and important because it affects the reproductive performance of herds, but serological surveys in Brazil have shown mixed results regarding the occurrence of serovars in animal species. The serovar butembo, usually when found, is present in small proportion of positive results, however, our survey indicated an increase in the prevalence of this serovar in the samples received and processed from January 2005 to December 2008. Thus, the objective of this study was to report an increase in the detection of serological variant butembo in bovine serum from the state of Santa Catarina, in the samples analyzed by the Laboratory of leptospirosis (Lablepto) from Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Keywords: Leptospirosis, butembo, cattle, Santa Catarina State, Brazil.

Os problemas reprodutivos são as principais manifestações clínicas da leptospirose crônica em fêmeas bovinas, sendo freqüentemente os únicos sinais observados no rebanho. Leptospira interogans sorovar hardjo é o mais predominante e importante porque compromete o desempenho reprodutivo dos rebanhos acometidos, porém levantamentos sorológicos no Brasil têm revelado resultados variados quanto à ocorrência dos sorovares nesta espécie animal. O sorovar butembo, normalmente quando encontrado, está presente em pequena parcela dos resultados positivos, porém, nosso levantamento apontou um aumento na prevalência deste sorovar nas amostras recebidas e processadas no período de Janeiro de 2005 a Dezembro de 2008. Desta maneira o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um aumento na detecção do variante sorológico butembo em soros bovinos provenientes do estado de Santa Catarina, nas amostras analisadas pelo Laboratório de leptospirose (Lablepto) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Palavras-Chave: Leptospirose, butembo, bovinos, Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil.

Sulfate of streptomycin as a helper in leptospirosis treatment improving reproductive indexes in dairy herd / SULFATO DE ESTREPTOMICINA COMO AUXILIAR NO TRATAMENTO DE LEPTOSPIROSE MELHORANDO ÍNDICES REPRODUTIVOS EM BOVINOCULTURA DE LEITE

The aim of this study was to report the results of a treatment with sulfate of streptomycin in a dairy herd with positive serology for leptospirosis. Sixty animals were analyzed with clinical signs of rut repetition, irregular rut and abortions, and blood was collected to laboratory diagnosis. The used technique was microscopic serum agglutination-test (MAT) with two evaluations made in an interval of six months. In the first serological evaluation 50 animals (83,33%) were diagnosed positive (serovar hardjo), and in the second 53 animals (88,33%) had positive results (L. hardjo, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. grippotyphosa). Between these two evaluations all herd was treated with Sulfate of Streptomycin, in a single dose of 25 mg kg-1, and enrolled in a vaccination program. Ten months after the begining of the evaluations and treatment it was done a last visit to the property where favorable reproductive indexes to the Brazilian livestock production. Based on these results we conclude that the Leptospirosis is an emergent disease in the state of Rio Grande do Sul causing great damages due to the reproductive flaws caused by the infection and that the use of sulfate of streptomycin , in a single dose of 25 mg kg-1 is efficient for control of the disease, as well as the association of a vaccination program. Keywords: Leptospirosis, sulfate of streptomycin, dairy herd, reproductiv

O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar os resultados do tratamento com sulfato de estreptomicina em um rebanho de gado leiteiro com sorologia positiva para leptospirose. Foram analisados 60 animais com sinais clínicos de repetição de cio, cios irregulares e abortamentos, dos quais foi coletado sangue para diagnóstico laboratorial. A técnica utilizada foi a de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), sendo realizadas duas avaliações com intervalo de seis meses. Na primeira amostragem sorológica 50 animais (83,33%) foram diagnosticados positivos (sorovar hardjo) e na segunda avaliação 53 animais (88,33%) apresentaram resultado positivo (L. hardjo, L. icterohaemorrhagiae e L. grippotyphosa). Entre as duas avaliações todos os animais da propriedade receberam tratamento a base de sulfato de estreptomicina, dose única de 25 mg kg-1 e iniciaram um programa de vacinação. Dez meses após o início das avaliações e do tratamento foi realizada uma última visita a propriedade onde foram avaliados índices reprodutivos favoráveis para a pecuária brasileira. Com base nos resultados, conclui-se que a leptospirose é uma doença emergente no estado do Rio Grande do Sul causando grandes prejuízos devido às falhas reprodutivas ocasionadas pela infecção e que o uso de sulfato de estreptomicina na dosagem única de 25 mg kg-1 é eficiente para controle da doença, assim como a associação de um programa de vacinaç

Activities of the enzymes NTPDase, 5´-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase in platelets of rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans Serovar icterohaemorrhagiae / Activities of the enzymes NTPDase, 5´-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase in platelets of rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans Serovar icterohaemorrhagiae

Background: Leptospirosis, a spirochetal zoonotic disease caused by different serovars of Leptospira interrogans, is increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever. Although the haemorrhagic potential of leptospirosis was noted by Weil (1886) as early as 1886, its pathophysiology is still not clearly elucidated, particularly regarding the cause and mechanisms of bleeding. Studies with ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase; EC 3.6.1.5; CD39), 5´-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5; CD73) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) have demonstrated the involvement of these enzymes in thromboregulation mechanisms, and altered enzymatic activities have been reported in many diseases. Since leptospirosis is a disease increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever, the aim of this study was to evaluate these enzymes activities and parameters of platelet aggregation in platelets from rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae during different periods of experimental infection.Materials, Methods & Results: For this purpose, thirty-six adult male rats were divided into two groups: A, as uninfected control (subgroups A1, A2 and A3); and B, infected (subgroups B1, B2 and B3). Group B was inoculated intraperitoneally (Day 0) with 2 x 108 organisms per rat. Blood samples were collected on days 05 (A1 and B1), 10

Background: Leptospirosis, a spirochetal zoonotic disease caused by different serovars of Leptospira interrogans, is increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever. Although the haemorrhagic potential of leptospirosis was noted by Weil (1886) as early as 1886, its pathophysiology is still not clearly elucidated, particularly regarding the cause and mechanisms of bleeding. Studies with ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase; EC 3.6.1.5; CD39), 5´-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5; CD73) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) have demonstrated the involvement of these enzymes in thromboregulation mechanisms, and altered enzymatic activities have been reported in many diseases. Since leptospirosis is a disease increasingly recognized as an important cause of hemorrhagic fever, the aim of this study was to evaluate these enzymes activities and parameters of platelet aggregation in platelets from rats experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae during different periods of experimental infection.Materials, Methods & Results: For this purpose, thirty-six adult male rats were divided into two groups: A, as uninfected control (subgroups A1, A2 and A3); and B, infected (subgroups B1, B2 and B3). Group B was inoculated intraperitoneally (Day 0) with 2 x 108 organisms per rat. Blood samples were collected on days 05 (A1 and B1), 10