Resumo
Bovine embryos are increasingly produced using reproductive technologies, e.g. ovum pick-up (OPU), in vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET). Such in vitro manipulated embryos are known to deviate in several aspects compared to in vivo derived embryos. Pregnancy establishment in cattle involves timed biological events including fine-tuned communication, initiated and carried out by both the embryo and the endometrium. This stimulates research to increase the understanding of events and interactions taking place in the uterus after embryo transfer, both from a biological and systems biology point of view. This review will focus on the biological events taking place during early embryonic development, implantation and beginning of placentation, with focus on transfer of in vitro produced embryos, including a systems biology approach for selection of superior embryo recipients.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Gravidez , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Placentação , Transferência Embrionária/veterinária , Técnicas Reprodutivas/veterináriaResumo
Bovine embryos are increasingly produced using reproductive technologies, e.g. ovum pick-up (OPU), in vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET). Such in vitro manipulated embryos are known to deviate in several aspects compared to in vivo derived embryos. Pregnancy establishment in cattle involves timed biological events including fine-tuned communication, initiated and carried out by both the embryo and the endometrium. This stimulates research to increase the understanding of events and interactions taking place in the uterus after embryo transfer, both from a biological and systems biology point of view. This review will focus on the biological events taking place during early embryonic development, implantation and beginning of placentation, with focus on transfer of in vitro produced embryos, including a systems biology approach for selection of superior embryo recipients.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Transferência Embrionária/veterinária , Técnicas Reprodutivas/veterinária , PlacentaçãoResumo
In vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos has become widespread technology implemented in cattle breeding and production. Here, we review novel data on cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression, as determined by RNAseq on cellular material from pooled follicular fluids at the single animal level, and relate these finding to previous data on oocyte developmental competence and ultrastructure. The cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression patterns indicate that early follicular atresia is associated with increased blastocyst yield and this hypothesis is supported by previous data on oocyte competence and ultrastructure.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Embriologia/métodos , Embriologia/tendências , Expressão Gênica/genética , Atresia Folicular/genética , OócitosResumo
In vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos has become widespread technology implemented in cattle breeding and production. Here, we review novel data on cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression, as determined by RNAseq on cellular material from pooled follicular fluids at the single animal level, and relate these finding to previous data on oocyte developmental competence and ultrastructure. The cumulus/granulosa cell gene expression patterns indicate that early follicular atresia is associated with increased blastocyst yield and this hypothesis is supported by previous data on oocyte competence and ultrastructure.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Bovinos/embriologia , Embriologia/métodos , Embriologia/tendências , Expressão Gênica/genética , Atresia Folicular/genética , OócitosResumo
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have a strong impact on breeding especially when coupled with genomic selection (GS). The routine implementation of in vitro production (IVP) and GS of embryos before embryo transfer (ET) in breeding companies is not yet possible. Improvement of oocyte donor and embryo recipient quality is needed to make realistic a commercialization of these procedures in the near future. A better understanding of both biological mechanisms and molecular markers associated to IVP-ET related traits is necessary to improve the prediction of donor and recipient cow quality for IVP procedures. The huge amount of data generated from highthroughputtechnologies has a tremendous impact in the search for biomarkers of complex traits. This paper reviews integrative genomics and systms biology approaches as applied to both Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle reproduction by both conventional and ARTs such as OPU-IVP. The integration of systems biology information across different biological layers generates a complete view of the different molecular networks that control complex traits and can provide a strong contribution to the understanding traits related to ARTs.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Biologia Celular , Biomarcadores/análise , Bovinos/embriologia , Bovinos/genética , Transferência Embrionária/veterinária , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida/veterináriaResumo
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have a strong impact on breeding especially when coupled with genomic selection (GS). The routine implementation of in vitro production (IVP) and GS of embryos before embryo transfer (ET) in breeding companies is not yet possible. Improvement of oocyte donor and embryo recipient quality is needed to make realistic a commercialization of these procedures in the near future. A better understanding of both biological mechanisms and molecular markers associated to IVP-ET related traits is necessary to improve the prediction of donor and recipient cow quality for IVP procedures. The huge amount of data generated from highthroughputtechnologies has a tremendous impact in the search for biomarkers of complex traits. This paper reviews integrative genomics and systms biology approaches as applied to both Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle reproduction by both conventional and ARTs such as OPU-IVP. The integration of systems biology information across different biological layers generates a complete view of the different molecular networks that control complex traits and can provide a strong contribution to the understanding traits related to ARTs.(AU)