Grãos secos de destilaria de milho na dieta de codornas japonesas na fase de cria / Dried corn distillery grains in the diet of japanese quailsin the brooding phase / Granos secos de destilería de maíz en la dieta de las codornices japonesas en fase de cría

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de codornas japonesas na fase de cria emfunçãodosníveis de inclusão de grãos secos de destilaria (DDG) de milho na dieta. Foramutilizadas 720 codornas poedeiras (Coturnix coturnix japonica) com 1 dia de vida até 21 dias de idade, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos eseisrepetições, com 24 codornas por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: dietacontrole com 0% de DDG, dieta com 5% de inclusão de DDG, dieta com10%de inclusãodeDDG, dieta com 15% de inclusão de DDG e dieta com 20% de inclusão de DDG. Foi avaliado o consumo de ração (g/ave/dia), o ganho de peso (g/ave/dia), conversão alimentar(kg/kg) e a viabilidade das aves. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de regressão a 5%deprobabilidade e pelo teste de Dunnet. Foi observado efeito (P<0,05) para ganho empeso, maspara o consumo de ração e conversão alimentar não houve diferença entre as dietas (P>0,05). Conclui-se que a inclusão de 14,8% de DDG de milho na dieta de codornas japonesas maximizou o ganho de peso e não prejudicou o consumo de ração e conversão alimentar dasaves.(AU)

The objective was to evaluate the performance of Japanese quails in the brooding phaseasafunction of the levels of inclusion of corn distillers dried grains (DDG) in the diet. Weused720 laying quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with 1 day of life and 21 days of age, distributed in internally randomized delineation with five treatments and six repetitions, with24 quails per experimental unit. The treatments used were control diet with 0%DDG, diet with 5% inclusion of DDG, diet with 10% inclusion of DDG, diet with 15% inclusion of DDG and diet with 20% inclusion of DDG. feed intake (g / bird / day), weight gain (g/ bird/ day), feed conversion (kg / kg) and bird viability were evaluated. The data were submittedtoregression analysis at 5% probability and by the Dunnet test. There was an effect (P<0.05) forweight gain, but for feed intake and feed conversion there was no difference between the diets (P>0.05). It was concluded that the inclusion of 14.8% corn DDG in the diet of Japanesequails maximized weight gain and did not affect feed intake and feed conversion of the birds.(AU)

El objetivo fue evaluar el desempeño zootécnico de las codornices japonesas en la etapadecrianza en función de los niveles de inclusión de grano seco de destilería (DDG) de maízenladieta. Se utilizaron 720 codornices ponedoras (Coturnix coturnix japonica) de 1 día a 21díasde edad, distribuidas en un diseño completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos yseisrepeticiones, con 24 codornices por unidad experimental. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron: dieta control con 0% de DDG, dieta con 5% de inclusión de DDG, dieta con 10%de inclusiónde DDG, dieta con 15% de inclusión de DDG y dieta con 20% de inclusión de DDG. Seevaluó el consumo de alimento (g/ave/día), la ganancia de peso (g/ave/día), la conversiónalimenticia (kg/kg) y la viabilidad del ave. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de regresiónal 5% de probabilidad y mediante la prueba de Dunnet. Hubo un efecto (P<0,05) paralaganancia de peso, pero para el consumo de alimento y la conversión alimenticia nohubodiferencia entre las dietas (P>0,05). Se concluyó que la inclusión de 14,8%de DDGdemaízen la dieta de las codornices japonesas maximizó la ganancia de peso y no afectó el consumode alimento ni la conversión alimenticia de las aves.(AU)

Farelo de algodão na dieta de codornas japonesas / Cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes níveis de inclusão de farelo de algodão na alimentação de codornas japonesas. Foram utilizadas 240 codornas japonesas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições, com oito codornas por repetição. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: dieta basal com 0% de farelo de algodão; inclusão de 4% de farelo de algodão; 8% de farelo de algodão; 12% de farelo de algodão e 16% de farelo de algodão. Foram avaliados o consumo de ração individual (g/ave/dia), taxa de postura (%), conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos (kg/dz), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (kg/kg), viabilidade das aves, ganho de peso. As variáveis para a qualidade do ovo foram: peso do ovo (g), peso da gema (g), peso da casca (g) peso do albúmen, participação percentual da gema, casca e albúmen, gravidade específica (g/cm3). Para consumo individual de ração (g/ave/dia), peso de gema (g), albúmen, percentual da gema, casca e albúmen houve influência (P0,05). O farelo de algodão pode ser adicionado na dieta de codornas japonesas, sem prejudicar o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos.

The objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of inclusion of cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail. Twenty Japanese quails were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and six replicates, with eight quails per replicate. The treatments used were: basal diet with 0% cottonseed meal; inclusion of 4% cottonseed meal, 8% cottonseed meal, 12% cottonseed meal, and 16% cottonseed meal. Feed intake per egg mass (kg/dz), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg), viability of birds, and weight gain were evaluated. The egg quality variables were: egg weight (g), yolk weight (g), eggshell weight (g) albumen weight, percentage of yolk, eggshell and albumen, and specific gravity (g/cm3). Cottonseed meal in the diet influenced (P0.05). Cottonseed meal can be added to the diet of Japanese quail without compromising performance or egg quality.

Farelo de algodão na dieta de codornas japonesas / Cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes níveis de inclusão de farelo de algodão na alimentação de codornas japonesas. Foram utilizadas 240 codornas japonesas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições, com oito codornas por repetição. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: dieta basal com 0% de farelo de algodão; inclusão de 4% de farelo de algodão; 8% de farelo de algodão; 12% de farelo de algodão e 16% de farelo de algodão. Foram avaliados o consumo de ração individual (g/ave/dia), taxa de postura (%), conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos (kg/dz), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (kg/kg), viabilidade das aves, ganho de peso. As variáveis para a qualidade do ovo foram: peso do ovo (g), peso da gema (g), peso da casca (g) peso do albúmen, participação percentual da gema, casca e albúmen, gravidade específica (g/cm3). Para consumo individual de ração (g/ave/dia), peso de gema (g), albúmen, percentual da gema, casca e albúmen houve influência (P<0,05) do farelo de algodão na dieta, para as demais variáveis não foi observada diferença significativa (P>0,05). O farelo de algodão pode ser adicionado na dieta de codornas japonesas, sem prejudicar o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of inclusion of cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail. Twenty Japanese quails were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and six replicates, with eight quails per replicate. The treatments used were: basal diet with 0% cottonseed meal; inclusion of 4% cottonseed meal, 8% cottonseed meal, 12% cottonseed meal, and 16% cottonseed meal. Feed intake per egg mass (kg/dz), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg), viability of birds, and weight gain were evaluated. The egg quality variables were: egg weight (g), yolk weight (g), eggshell weight (g) albumen weight, percentage of yolk, eggshell and albumen, and specific gravity (g/cm3). Cottonseed meal in the diet influenced (P<0.05) individual feed intake (g/bird/day), yolk weight (g), albumen, and percentage of yolk, eggshell and albumen. No significant difference was observed for the other variables (P>0.05). Cottonseed meal can be added to the diet of Japanese quail without compromising performance or egg quality.(AU)

Influence of fennel in Japanese quail diet over egg quality and behavior aspects / Influência da erva-doce na dieta de codornas japonesas sobre a qualidade dos ovos e aspectos comportamentais

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Pimpinella anisum (fennel) on the performance, stress, and quality of Japanese Quail eggs in the second laying cycle (73 to 77 weeks). One hundred sixty-eight female quails from Japanese sub-species (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 73 weeks of age, divided and submitted to four treatments (0; 250; 500 and 750mg of fennel/kg of feed) were used in a randomized block design. (RBD), with seven replications and six birds per experimental plot, totaling 28 plots. Performance, behavioral, and egg quality parameters were evaluated. Bird performance was not influenced (p>0.05) by the treatments tested. The highest egg weight and albumen weight were found in birds fed 750 mg of fennel, while a higher albumen height was observed for the estimated dose of 669 mg (p0.05). The tonic immobility test had a decreasing linear effect (p<0.05), which indicates a lower time in seconds in tonic immobility to birds receiving 750 mg of fennel. Fennel added to the diet did not interfere with performance, but it influenced essential parameters related to egg quality and was able to alter characteristics related to bird behavior.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da Pimpinella anisum(erva-doce) sobre o desempenho, estresse e qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas no segundo ciclo de postura (73 a 77 semanas). Foram utilizadas 168 codornas fêmeas da subespécie japonesa (Coturnix coturnix japonica) com 73 semanas de idade, divididas e submetidas a quatro tratamentos (0; 250; 500 e 750mg de erva-doce/kg de ração), em delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), com sete repetições e seis aves por parcela experimental, totalizando 28 parcelas. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, comportamentais e qualidade dos ovos. O desempenho das aves não foi influenciado (p>0,05) pelos tratamentos testados. O maior peso dos ovos e peso do albúmen foram encontrados nas aves alimentadas com 750 mg de erva-doce, enquanto a maior altura do albúmen foi observada pela dose estimada de 669 mg (p0,05). O Teste de imobilidade tônica teve efeito linear (p<0,05) decrescente, que indica um menor tempo em segundos em imobilidade tônica para as aves que receberam 750 mg de erva-doce. A erva-doce adicionada à dieta não interfere no desempenho, porém melhorou à qualidade dos ovos e foi capaz de alterar características relacionadas ao comportamento das aves.

Estimates for digestible threonine: lysine for 21 - 35-day-old female meat-type quails / Estimativa das relações treonina: lisina digestível para codornas de corte fêmeas no período de 21 a 35 dias

Two assays were performed to estimate digestible threonine-lysine (Threo-Lys) ratio for female meat-type quails between 21 and 28 days old and between 28 and 35 days old. Experimental design was totally randomized. The first assay comprised 440 quails distributed into 5 treatments, 8 replications and 11 fowls per cage. The second assay comprised 280 quails distributed into 5 treatments, 8 replications and 7 fowls per cage. Five digestible Threo: Lys ratios were evaluated (0.66, 0.71, 0.76, 0.81 and 0.86). Performance, carcass and cut yield, chemical composition of carcass and nitrogen balance were evaluated. There was an improvement (P 0.05) in feed conversion and increase in feed intake due to ratios of digestible Threo: Lys between 21 and 28 and between 29 and 35 days olds, respectively. At 35 days old, there was a better (P 0.05) carcass yield and a negative nitrogen balance for Threo: Lys analyzed. A ratio of 0.86 may be recommended for digestible Threo: Lys as the best for feed conversion and carcass yield for female meat-type quails between 21 and 28 and between 28 and 35 days.(AU)

Foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de estimar as relações treonina: lisina (Treo: Lis) digestíveis para codornas de corte fêmeas durante os períodos de 21 a 28 e 28 a 35 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas 440 codornas distribuídas em cinco tratamentos, oito repetições e 11 aves por gaiola. Para o segundo experimento utilizou-se 280 codornas distribuídas em cinco tratamentos, oito repetições e sete aves por gaiola. Foram avaliadas cinco relações Treo: Lis digestíveis (0,66; 0,71; 0,76; 0,81 e 0,86). Avaliou-se o desempenho, o rendimento de carcaça e de cortes, a composição química da carcaça e o balanço de nitrogênio. Observou-se melhora (P 0,05) da conversão alimentar e aumento do consumo de ração devido às relações Treo: Lis digestíveis, nos períodos de 21 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade, respectivamente. Aos 35 dias observou-se melhor (P 0,05) rendimento de carcaça e balanço de nitrogênio negativo com Treo: Lis avaliadas. Recomenda-se a relação de Treo: Lis digestível de 0,86 como o ótimo para a conversão alimentar e o rendimento de carcaça das codornas de corte fêmeas nos períodos de 21 a 28 e 28 a 35 dias.(AU)

Estimates for digestible threonine: lysine for 21 - 35-day-old female meat-type quails / Estimativa das relações treonina: lisina digestível para codornas de corte fêmeas no período de 21 a 35 dias

Two assays were performed to estimate digestible threonine-lysine (Threo-Lys) ratio for female meat-type quails between 21 and 28 days old and between 28 and 35 days old. Experimental design was totally randomized. The first assay comprised 440 quails distributed into 5 treatments, 8 replications and 11 fowls per cage. The second assay comprised 280 quails distributed into 5 treatments, 8 replications and 7 fowls per cage. Five digestible Threo: Lys ratios were evaluated (0.66, 0.71, 0.76, 0.81 and 0.86). Performance, carcass and cut yield, chemical composition of carcass and nitrogen balance were evaluated. There was an improvement (P 0.05) in feed conversion and increase in feed intake due to ratios of digestible Threo: Lys between 21 and 28 and between 29 and 35 days olds, respectively. At 35 days old, there was a better (P 0.05) carcass yield and a negative nitrogen balance for Threo: Lys analyzed. A ratio of 0.86 may be recommended for digestible Threo: Lys as the best for feed conversion and carcass yield for female meat-type quails between 21 and 28 and between 28 and 35 days.

Foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de estimar as relações treonina: lisina (Treo: Lis) digestíveis para codornas de corte fêmeas durante os períodos de 21 a 28 e 28 a 35 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas 440 codornas distribuídas em cinco tratamentos, oito repetições e 11 aves por gaiola. Para o segundo experimento utilizou-se 280 codornas distribuídas em cinco tratamentos, oito repetições e sete aves por gaiola. Foram avaliadas cinco relações Treo: Lis digestíveis (0,66; 0,71; 0,76; 0,81 e 0,86). Avaliou-se o desempenho, o rendimento de carcaça e de cortes, a composição química da carcaça e o balanço de nitrogênio. Observou-se melhora (P 0,05) da conversão alimentar e aumento do consumo de ração devido às relações Treo: Lis digestíveis, nos períodos de 21 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade, respectivamente. Aos 35 dias observou-se melhor (P 0,05) rendimento de carcaça e balanço de nitrogênio negativo com Treo: Lis avaliadas. Recomenda-se a relação de Treo: Lis digestível de 0,86 como o ótimo para a conversão alimentar e o rendimento de carcaça das codornas de corte fêmeas nos períodos de 21 a 28 e 28 a 35 dias.

Banana leaf in the diet of laying hens in cage free system

The aim of this research was evaluate the productive performance, egg quality and the endoparasites presence on Carijó laying hens in Cage Free system, fed with two experimental diets, one of them supplemented with fresh banana leaf in natura. It were used 196 laying hens with twenty-four weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with 14 boxes, two experimental diets and seven replicates, by treatment with fourteen birds per experimental unit. The variables analyzed were: feed intake; egg production; egg mass: feed conversion per egg mass; feed conversion per dozen eggs; egg weight; albumen weight; yolk weight; shell weight; yolk percentage; albumen percentage shell percentage; yolk pigmentation and the presence of endoparasites. No influence (p > 0.05) were found, for performance and egg production, in Carijó laying hens fed supplemented with banana leaf in natura. For the treatment with inclusion of banana leaf, yolk pigmentation were superior (p < 0.05) when compared to control diet, producing eggs with more yolks orange color. In respect to endoparasite analysis, there was significant effect (p < 0.05) in the percentage of infections present in excretas. Among the treatments evaluated, the one with banana leaf supplementation reduced in 26.54% the endoparasites presence. The inclusion of banana leaf in the diet of Carijo laying hens does not affect performance and eggs quality and decreases the amount of endoparasites of the genus Strogyloides spp.(AU)

Egg quality of laying hens fed diets with plant extracts

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of marigold flower extract and paprika on egg quality of Black Avifran laying hens in different periods of storage. A completely randomized design study with a 3x3 factorial scheme with three diets (control, paprika, and marigold flower extract) and three storage periods (0, 7, and 14 days) was carried out. The following metrics were evaluated: egg weight, yolk weight, shell weight; yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit as well as the yolk, shell, and albumen percentage relative to the total weight of the egg. There was no significant interaction between additives and storage time (p > 0.05) for most of the parameters evaluated. The only exception was observed for yolk color, in which the interaction effect between treatments was significant (p < 0.05). The effect of storage time was significant (p < 0.05) for albumen weight, albumen percentage, yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit, with reduction of these parameters over the evaluation period. The use of paprika and marigold flower extract in the diets of Black Avifran laying hens does not influence egg quality.(AU)

Performance and welfare of different genetic groups of laying hen

The objective was to evaluate the performance, egg quality, thermoregulation, body morphology and behavior of different categories of laying poultry. Two treatments with two genetic groups were used, 50 birds of the Hisex Brown strain and 50 birds of the Black Avifran chicken breed with 55 weeks, distributed in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates and 5 birds in each experimental unit. The variables egg weight, weight and percentage of albumen, yolk and shell, marketable eggs, specific gravity, color b *, egg / poultry production day-1 were not different (p > 0.05) between the two groups. Feed conversion by egg mass and dozen eggs, yolk color, L color, diameter, height, shell color presented a difference (p < 0.05), being higher values for the Black Avifran breed. The Black Chicken Avifran had higher body temperature; however, its performance and the quality of its eggs did not change. Black Chicken Avifran presented higher values in relation to body morphology, and better results in relation to the animal performance, therefore, it was more efficient, since it obtained a lower consumption and production equal to the lineage Hisex Brown, when created in the Cage Free system.(AU)

Distillers dried grains with solubles from corn in diet of japanese quails

The objective of this study was to evaluate different inclusion levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn in the diet of quails. A total of 210 japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were distributed in a completely randomized design of five treatments and six replicates, with seven quails per experimental unit. The treatments used were: control feed; inclusion of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of DDGS. The variables assessed were: feed intake, feed conversion per dozen and egg mass, egg production, egg weight, specific gravity, yolk color and economic analysis. Data were analyzed by regression model and Dunnett’s test at 5% probability. For individual feed intake, laying rate, and feed conversion per egg mass, specific gravity and yolk color by color fan, there was effect caused by inclusion of DDGS (p < 0.05), but the other variables did not show significant difference. By Dunnett’s test, for feed intake, feed conversion per egg mass, specific gravity and digital colorimeter’s L parameter, there was effect (p < 0.05). As for economic analysis, DDGS presented low cost. It can be concluded that DDGS can be used in feed at a 20% level without impairing the performance and quality of quails eggs.

Performance and welfare of different genetic groups of laying hen

The objective was to evaluate the performance, egg quality, thermoregulation, body morphology and behavior of different categories of laying poultry. Two treatments with two genetic groups were used, 50 birds of the Hisex Brown strain and 50 birds of the Black Avifran chicken breed with 55 weeks, distributed in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates and 5 birds in each experimental unit. The variables egg weight, weight and percentage of albumen, yolk and shell, marketable eggs, specific gravity, color b *, egg / poultry production day-1 were not different (p > 0.05) between the two groups. Feed conversion by egg mass and dozen eggs, yolk color, L color, diameter, height, shell color presented a difference (p < 0.05), being higher values for the Black Avifran breed. The Black Chicken Avifran had higher body temperature; however, its performance and the quality of its eggs did not change. Black Chicken Avifran presented higher values in relation to body morphology, and better results in relation to the animal performance, therefore, it was more efficient, since it obtained a lower consumption and production equal to the lineage Hisex Brown, when created in the Cage – Free system.

Banana leaf in the diet of laying hens in cage free system

The aim of this research was evaluate the productive performance, egg quality and the endoparasites presence on Carijó laying hens in Cage Free system, fed with two experimental diets, one of them supplemented with fresh banana leaf in natura. It were used 196 laying hens with twenty-four weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with 14 boxes, two experimental diets and seven replicates, by treatment with fourteen birds per experimental unit. The variables analyzed were: feed intake; egg production; egg mass: feed conversion per egg mass; feed conversion per dozen eggs; egg weight; albumen weight; yolk weight; shell weight; yolk percentage; albumen percentage shell percentage; yolk pigmentation and the presence of endoparasites. No influence (p > 0.05) were found, for performance and egg production, in Carijó laying hens fed supplemented with banana leaf in natura. For the treatment with inclusion of banana leaf, yolk pigmentation were superior (p < 0.05) when compared to control diet, producing eggs with more yolks orange color. In respect to endoparasite analysis, there was significant effect (p < 0.05) in the percentage of infections present in excretas. Among the treatments evaluated, the one with banana leaf supplementation reduced in 26.54% the endoparasites presence. The inclusion of banana leaf in the diet of Carijo laying hens does not affect performance and eggs quality and decreases the amount of endoparasites of the genus Strogyloides spp.

Egg quality of laying hens fed diets with plant extracts

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of marigold flower extract and paprika on egg quality of Black Avifran laying hens in different periods of storage. A completely randomized design study with a 3x3 factorial scheme with three diets (control, paprika, and marigold flower extract) and three storage periods (0, 7, and 14 days) was carried out. The following metrics were evaluated: egg weight, yolk weight, shell weight; yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit as well as the yolk, shell, and albumen percentage relative to the total weight of the egg. There was no significant interaction between additives and storage time (p > 0.05) for most of the parameters evaluated. The only exception was observed for yolk color, in which the interaction effect between treatments was significant (p < 0.05). The effect of storage time was significant (p < 0.05) for albumen weight, albumen percentage, yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit, with reduction of these parameters over the evaluation period. The use of paprika and marigold flower extract in the diets of Black Avifran laying hens does not influence egg quality.

Production of laying hens in different rearing systems under hot weather / Avaliação da produção de galinhas poedeiras criadas em diferentes sistemas em clima quente

The environment is very important for the performance of laying hens; thus, techniques are required to improve production systems, providing better welfare for poultry and consequent increase in the quality of the final product, the egg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rearing system, on the floor and in cage, on the performance and egg internal and external quality of laying hens. A total of 320 Hysex Brown laying hens, with 34-43 weeks days of age, was distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments, floor and cage, with 10 replicates each. The parameters evaluated were: individual feed intake, egg production per replicate, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg weight; weight and percentage participation of shell, albumen and yolk, specific gravity, body weight variation and viability of birds. The results show that the birds raised on the floor showed best results as to egg production, besides the best internal and external quality, with greater weight of egg, yolk, albumen, shell and with lower losses of eggs. Because of the negative effects of the cage system, in general, hens presented lower results when compared to results of those raised on the floor.

É de suma importância o ambiente no desempenho de galinhas poedeiras, sendo necessárias técnicas que viabilizem a melhoria dos sistemas de produção e ambiência, proporcionando bem-estar às aves e consequente incremento na qualidade do produto final, o ovo. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do sistema de criação, em piso e gaiola sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos (interna e externa) de galinhas poedeiras. Foram utilizadas 320 galinhas poedeiras da linhagem Hysex Brown, de 34 a 43 semanas de idade, os dois tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, piso e gaiola, com 10 repetições cada. As variáveis avaliadas foram: consumo de ração individual, taxa de postura por repetição, conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos, peso do ovo; peso e participação percentual da casca, da gema e do albúmen, gravidade específica, variação de peso corporal e viabilidade das aves. Pelos resultados foi observado que as aves criadas em piso apresentaram melhores valores de produção de ovos, além da melhor qualidade interna e externa, com maior peso do ovo, gema, albúmen e casca e com menores perdas de ovos. As aves alojadas nas gaiolas, por terem sofrido efeitos negativos do sistema de criação, apresentaram, de maneira geral, resultados inferiores quando comparado ao das aves criadas em piso.

Production of laying hens in different rearing systems under hot weather / Avaliação da produção de galinhas poedeiras criadas em diferentes sistemas em clima quente

The environment is very important for the performance of laying hens; thus, techniques are required to improve production systems, providing better welfare for poultry and consequent increase in the quality of the final product, the egg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rearing system, on the floor and in cage, on the performance and egg internal and external quality of laying hens. A total of 320 Hysex Brown laying hens, with 34-43 weeks days of age, was distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments, floor and cage, with 10 replicates each. The parameters evaluated were: individual feed intake, egg production per replicate, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg weight; weight and percentage participation of shell, albumen and yolk, specific gravity, body weight variation and viability of birds. The results show that the birds raised on the floor showed best results as to egg production, besides the best internal and external quality, with greater weight of egg, yolk, albumen, shell and with lower losses of eggs. Because of the negative effects of the cage system, in general, hens presented lower results when compared to results of those raised on the floor.(AU)

É de suma importância o ambiente no desempenho de galinhas poedeiras, sendo necessárias técnicas que viabilizem a melhoria dos sistemas de produção e ambiência, proporcionando bem-estar às aves e consequente incremento na qualidade do produto final, o ovo. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do sistema de criação, em piso e gaiola sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos (interna e externa) de galinhas poedeiras. Foram utilizadas 320 galinhas poedeiras da linhagem Hysex Brown, de 34 a 43 semanas de idade, os dois tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, piso e gaiola, com 10 repetições cada. As variáveis avaliadas foram: consumo de ração individual, taxa de postura por repetição, conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos, peso do ovo; peso e participação percentual da casca, da gema e do albúmen, gravidade específica, variação de peso corporal e viabilidade das aves. Pelos resultados foi observado que as aves criadas em piso apresentaram melhores valores de produção de ovos, além da melhor qualidade interna e externa, com maior peso do ovo, gema, albúmen e casca e com menores perdas de ovos. As aves alojadas nas gaiolas, por terem sofrido efeitos negativos do sistema de criação, apresentaram, de maneira geral, resultados inferiores quando comparado ao das aves criadas em piso.(AU)

Enteroparasites of the families Eimeriidae and Ascarididae in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá River Valley, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Diseases caused by endoparasites trigger serious health problems, harming the development and production of birds. The objective of this study was to diagnose the presence of eggs and oocysts of Ascarididae and Eimeriidae parasites in Japanese quail excreta using the Willis-Mollay technique in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá river valey, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Eggs and oocysts of the family Eimeriidae was found in 40% of the samples and the family Ascarididae in about 56% of the collected samples. The high parasite rate is a consequence of inadequate management of excreta, as well as lack of use or misuse of coccidiostats as food additives.

Enteroparasites of the families Eimeriidae and Ascarididae in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá River Valley, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Diseases caused by endoparasites trigger serious health problems, harming the development and production of birds. The objective of this study was to diagnose the presence of eggs and oocysts of Ascarididae and Eimeriidae parasites in Japanese quail excreta using the Willis-Mollay technique in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá river valey, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Eggs and oocysts of the family Eimeriidae was found in 40% of the samples and the family Ascarididae in about 56% of the collected samples. The high parasite rate is a consequence of inadequate management of excreta, as well as lack of use or misuse of coccidiostats as food additives.(AU)

Níveis de sódio na ração de codornas japonesas em postura / Sodium levels in diet of laying japanese quails

O experimento foi realizado para estimar a exigência nutricional de sódio (Na) para codornas japonesas em postura. Foram utilizadas 245 codornas japonesas, com 187 dias de idade, peso de 189,4 + 6,1 g e taxa de produção de ovos de 91,05 + 5,5 %. As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, constituído por cinco rações e sete repetições. Foram formuladas cinco rações experimentais à base de milho e farelo de soja, com cinco níveis de Na (0,10; 0,15; 0,20; 0,25 e 0,30%). Foram analisados: consumo de ração, produção de ovos por ave ao dia, por ave alojada, de ovos comercializáveis, de ovos viáveis por ave ao dia, peso do ovo, massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por massa de ovos e por dúzia de ovos, componentes dos ovos (gema (g e %), albúmen (g e %) e casca (g e %), variação de peso corporal, viabilidade das aves e gravidade específica. Não foi verificado efeito (P>0,05) para nenhum dos parâmetros estudados. Sintomas de deficiência de sódio como inapetência, redução da taxa de crescimento, produção e apetite depravado não foram observados, demonstrando que o menor nível de sódio utilizado, 0,10%, não foi prejudicial às aves. A suplementação de 0,10% de sódio na ração, correspondente ao consumo diário de 26,1 mg de Na por ave foi suficiente para proporcionar satisfatório desempenho produtivo e qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas.(AU)

The experiment was conducted to estimate the nutritional requirement of sodium (Na) for laying Japanese quails. Were used 245 Japanese quails, with 187 days old, weight of 189.4 + 6.1 g and egg production rate of 91.05 + 5.5%. Birds were distributed in a completely randomized design, consisting of five diets and seven replicates. Five experimental diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal, with five levels of Na (0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30%). Were examined: feed intake, egg production per bird day, egg production per hen housed, commercial eggs, viable eggs per bird day, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion by egg mass and per dozen eggs, components eggs (yolk, albumen and shell), body weight variation, viability of birds and specific gravity. There were no differences (P>0.05) for all parameters studied. Symptoms of deficiency as inappetence, reduction in the growth rate and depraved appetite were not observed in this study, demonstrating that the lower level of Na used, 0.10%, was not adverse to birds. Supplementation of 0.10% Na in diet of the birds, corresponding to a daily intake of 26.1 mg / bird was enough to provide good performance and egg quality of Japanese quails.(AU)

Níveis de sódio na ração de codornas japonesas em postura / Sodium levels in diet of laying japanese quails

O experimento foi realizado para estimar a exigência nutricional de sódio (Na) para codornas japonesas em postura. Foram utilizadas 245 codornas japonesas, com 187 dias de idade, peso de 189,4 + 6,1 g e taxa de produção de ovos de 91,05 + 5,5 %. As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, constituído por cinco rações e sete repetições. Foram formuladas cinco rações experimentais à base de milho e farelo de soja, com cinco níveis de Na (0,10; 0,15; 0,20; 0,25 e 0,30%). Foram analisados: consumo de ração, produção de ovos por ave ao dia, por ave alojada, de ovos comercializáveis, de ovos viáveis por ave ao dia, peso do ovo, massa de ovos, conversão alimentar por massa de ovos e por dúzia de ovos, componentes dos ovos (gema (g e %), albúmen (g e %) e casca (g e %), variação de peso corporal, viabilidade das aves e gravidade específica. Não foi verificado efeito (P>0,05) para nenhum dos parâmetros estudados. Sintomas de deficiência de sódio como inapetência, redução da taxa de crescimento, produção e apetite depravado não foram observados, demonstrando que o menor nível de sódio utilizado, 0,10%, não foi prejudicial às aves. A suplementação de 0,10% de sódio na ração, correspondente ao consumo diário de 26,1 mg de Na por ave foi suficiente para proporcionar satisfatório desempenho produtivo e qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas.

The experiment was conducted to estimate the nutritional requirement of sodium (Na) for laying Japanese quails. Were used 245 Japanese quails, with 187 days old, weight of 189.4 + 6.1 g and egg production rate of 91.05 + 5.5%. Birds were distributed in a completely randomized design, consisting of five diets and seven replicates. Five experimental diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal, with five levels of Na (0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30%). Were examined: feed intake, egg production per bird day, egg production per hen housed, commercial eggs, viable eggs per bird day, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion by egg mass and per dozen eggs, components eggs (yolk, albumen and shell), body weight variation, viability of birds and specific gravity. There were no differences (P>0.05) for all parameters studied. Symptoms of deficiency as inappetence, reduction in the growth rate and depraved appetite were not observed in this study, demonstrating that the lower level of Na used, 0.10%, was not adverse to birds. Supplementation of 0.10% Na in diet of the birds, corresponding to a daily intake of 26.1 mg / bird was enough to provide good performance and egg quality of Japanese quails.

Meat quails carcass characteristics fed with different protein and energy levels / Características de carcaça de codornas de corte alimentadas com diferentes níveis de proteína e energia

The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of different levels of crude protein and metabolizable energy on carcass characteristics of quails. The experimental design was randomized blocks, factorial (5x3x2) with five levels of crude protein (PB) (18; 20; 22; 24 and 26%), three levels of metabolizable energy (EM) (2700; 2900 and 3100 scheme kcal / kg) and both sexes, with three replications. The quail were reared in cages throughout the experimental period, being the feed provided ad libitum. Two birds of each sex per experimental unit, were slaughtered at 50 days, after fasting for 10 hours, to evaluate of weight: body slaughter, carcass, breast, legs, wings, liver, gizzard and heart. The multiple regression models were adopted as a method of statistical analysis. There was no significant effect of PB levels studied on carcass traits, cut or weight of viscera, the quails of both sexes, except for heart weight. The best carcass characteristics of quails, males and females of the female lineage 2 (LF2) are obtained with ration with 18% CP and 2700 kcal / kg.(AU)

Objetivou-se estudar a influência de diferentes níveis de proteína bruta e energia metabolizável sobre as características de carcaça de codornas de corte. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial (5x3x2) com cinco níveis de proteína bruta (PB) (18; 20; 22; 24 e 26%), três níveis de energia metabolizável (EM) (2700; 2900 e 3100 Kcal EM/Kg) e dois sexos, com três repetições. As codornas foram criadas em gaiolas experimentais durante todo o período, sendo a ração fornecida à vontade. Duas aves de cada sexo, por unidade experimental, foram abatidas aos 50 dias, após jejum de 10 horas, para avaliação das características de peso: corporal ao abate, carcaça, peito, pernas, asa, fígado, moela e coração. Os modelos de regressão múltipla foram adotados como método de análise estatística. Não foi verificado efeito significativo (P>0,05) dos níveis de PB estudados sobre as características de carcaça, corte ou peso de vísceras, das codornas de corte de ambos os sexos, exceto para peso do coração. Maiores valores de características de carcaça de codornas de corte, machos e fêmeas da linhagem fêmea 2 (LF2) são obtidas com ração formulada com 18% PB e 2700 kcal EM/kg.(AU)