Grãos secos de destilaria de milho na dieta de codornas japonesas na fase de cria / Dried corn distillery grains in the diet of japanese quailsin the brooding phase / Granos secos de destilería de maíz en la dieta de las codornices japonesas en fase de cría

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de codornas japonesas na fase de cria emfunçãodosníveis de inclusão de grãos secos de destilaria (DDG) de milho na dieta. Foramutilizadas 720 codornas poedeiras (Coturnix coturnix japonica) com 1 dia de vida até 21 dias de idade, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos eseisrepetições, com 24 codornas por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: dietacontrole com 0% de DDG, dieta com 5% de inclusão de DDG, dieta com10%de inclusãodeDDG, dieta com 15% de inclusão de DDG e dieta com 20% de inclusão de DDG. Foi avaliado o consumo de ração (g/ave/dia), o ganho de peso (g/ave/dia), conversão alimentar(kg/kg) e a viabilidade das aves. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de regressão a 5%deprobabilidade e pelo teste de Dunnet. Foi observado efeito (P<0,05) para ganho empeso, maspara o consumo de ração e conversão alimentar não houve diferença entre as dietas (P>0,05). Conclui-se que a inclusão de 14,8% de DDG de milho na dieta de codornas japonesas maximizou o ganho de peso e não prejudicou o consumo de ração e conversão alimentar dasaves.(AU)

The objective was to evaluate the performance of Japanese quails in the brooding phaseasafunction of the levels of inclusion of corn distillers dried grains (DDG) in the diet. Weused720 laying quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with 1 day of life and 21 days of age, distributed in internally randomized delineation with five treatments and six repetitions, with24 quails per experimental unit. The treatments used were control diet with 0%DDG, diet with 5% inclusion of DDG, diet with 10% inclusion of DDG, diet with 15% inclusion of DDG and diet with 20% inclusion of DDG. feed intake (g / bird / day), weight gain (g/ bird/ day), feed conversion (kg / kg) and bird viability were evaluated. The data were submittedtoregression analysis at 5% probability and by the Dunnet test. There was an effect (P<0.05) forweight gain, but for feed intake and feed conversion there was no difference between the diets (P>0.05). It was concluded that the inclusion of 14.8% corn DDG in the diet of Japanesequails maximized weight gain and did not affect feed intake and feed conversion of the birds.(AU)

El objetivo fue evaluar el desempeño zootécnico de las codornices japonesas en la etapadecrianza en función de los niveles de inclusión de grano seco de destilería (DDG) de maízenladieta. Se utilizaron 720 codornices ponedoras (Coturnix coturnix japonica) de 1 día a 21díasde edad, distribuidas en un diseño completamente al azar con cinco tratamientos yseisrepeticiones, con 24 codornices por unidad experimental. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron: dieta control con 0% de DDG, dieta con 5% de inclusión de DDG, dieta con 10%de inclusiónde DDG, dieta con 15% de inclusión de DDG y dieta con 20% de inclusión de DDG. Seevaluó el consumo de alimento (g/ave/día), la ganancia de peso (g/ave/día), la conversiónalimenticia (kg/kg) y la viabilidad del ave. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de regresiónal 5% de probabilidad y mediante la prueba de Dunnet. Hubo un efecto (P<0,05) paralaganancia de peso, pero para el consumo de alimento y la conversión alimenticia nohubodiferencia entre las dietas (P>0,05). Se concluyó que la inclusión de 14,8%de DDGdemaízen la dieta de las codornices japonesas maximizó la ganancia de peso y no afectó el consumode alimento ni la conversión alimenticia de las aves.(AU)

Farelo de algodão na dieta de codornas japonesas / Cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes níveis de inclusão de farelo de algodão na alimentação de codornas japonesas. Foram utilizadas 240 codornas japonesas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições, com oito codornas por repetição. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: dieta basal com 0% de farelo de algodão; inclusão de 4% de farelo de algodão; 8% de farelo de algodão; 12% de farelo de algodão e 16% de farelo de algodão. Foram avaliados o consumo de ração individual (g/ave/dia), taxa de postura (%), conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos (kg/dz), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (kg/kg), viabilidade das aves, ganho de peso. As variáveis para a qualidade do ovo foram: peso do ovo (g), peso da gema (g), peso da casca (g) peso do albúmen, participação percentual da gema, casca e albúmen, gravidade específica (g/cm3). Para consumo individual de ração (g/ave/dia), peso de gema (g), albúmen, percentual da gema, casca e albúmen houve influência (P0,05). O farelo de algodão pode ser adicionado na dieta de codornas japonesas, sem prejudicar o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos.

The objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of inclusion of cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail. Twenty Japanese quails were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and six replicates, with eight quails per replicate. The treatments used were: basal diet with 0% cottonseed meal; inclusion of 4% cottonseed meal, 8% cottonseed meal, 12% cottonseed meal, and 16% cottonseed meal. Feed intake per egg mass (kg/dz), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg), viability of birds, and weight gain were evaluated. The egg quality variables were: egg weight (g), yolk weight (g), eggshell weight (g) albumen weight, percentage of yolk, eggshell and albumen, and specific gravity (g/cm3). Cottonseed meal in the diet influenced (P0.05). Cottonseed meal can be added to the diet of Japanese quail without compromising performance or egg quality.

Farelo de algodão na dieta de codornas japonesas / Cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes níveis de inclusão de farelo de algodão na alimentação de codornas japonesas. Foram utilizadas 240 codornas japonesas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições, com oito codornas por repetição. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: dieta basal com 0% de farelo de algodão; inclusão de 4% de farelo de algodão; 8% de farelo de algodão; 12% de farelo de algodão e 16% de farelo de algodão. Foram avaliados o consumo de ração individual (g/ave/dia), taxa de postura (%), conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos (kg/dz), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (kg/kg), viabilidade das aves, ganho de peso. As variáveis para a qualidade do ovo foram: peso do ovo (g), peso da gema (g), peso da casca (g) peso do albúmen, participação percentual da gema, casca e albúmen, gravidade específica (g/cm3). Para consumo individual de ração (g/ave/dia), peso de gema (g), albúmen, percentual da gema, casca e albúmen houve influência (P<0,05) do farelo de algodão na dieta, para as demais variáveis não foi observada diferença significativa (P>0,05). O farelo de algodão pode ser adicionado na dieta de codornas japonesas, sem prejudicar o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of inclusion of cottonseed meal in the diet of Japanese quail. Twenty Japanese quails were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and six replicates, with eight quails per replicate. The treatments used were: basal diet with 0% cottonseed meal; inclusion of 4% cottonseed meal, 8% cottonseed meal, 12% cottonseed meal, and 16% cottonseed meal. Feed intake per egg mass (kg/dz), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg), viability of birds, and weight gain were evaluated. The egg quality variables were: egg weight (g), yolk weight (g), eggshell weight (g) albumen weight, percentage of yolk, eggshell and albumen, and specific gravity (g/cm3). Cottonseed meal in the diet influenced (P<0.05) individual feed intake (g/bird/day), yolk weight (g), albumen, and percentage of yolk, eggshell and albumen. No significant difference was observed for the other variables (P>0.05). Cottonseed meal can be added to the diet of Japanese quail without compromising performance or egg quality.(AU)

Influence of fennel in Japanese quail diet over egg quality and behavior aspects / Influência da erva-doce na dieta de codornas japonesas sobre a qualidade dos ovos e aspectos comportamentais

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Pimpinella anisum (fennel) on the performance, stress, and quality of Japanese Quail eggs in the second laying cycle (73 to 77 weeks). One hundred sixty-eight female quails from Japanese sub-species (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 73 weeks of age, divided and submitted to four treatments (0; 250; 500 and 750mg of fennel/kg of feed) were used in a randomized block design. (RBD), with seven replications and six birds per experimental plot, totaling 28 plots. Performance, behavioral, and egg quality parameters were evaluated. Bird performance was not influenced (p>0.05) by the treatments tested. The highest egg weight and albumen weight were found in birds fed 750 mg of fennel, while a higher albumen height was observed for the estimated dose of 669 mg (p0.05). The tonic immobility test had a decreasing linear effect (p<0.05), which indicates a lower time in seconds in tonic immobility to birds receiving 750 mg of fennel. Fennel added to the diet did not interfere with performance, but it influenced essential parameters related to egg quality and was able to alter characteristics related to bird behavior.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da Pimpinella anisum(erva-doce) sobre o desempenho, estresse e qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas no segundo ciclo de postura (73 a 77 semanas). Foram utilizadas 168 codornas fêmeas da subespécie japonesa (Coturnix coturnix japonica) com 73 semanas de idade, divididas e submetidas a quatro tratamentos (0; 250; 500 e 750mg de erva-doce/kg de ração), em delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), com sete repetições e seis aves por parcela experimental, totalizando 28 parcelas. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, comportamentais e qualidade dos ovos. O desempenho das aves não foi influenciado (p>0,05) pelos tratamentos testados. O maior peso dos ovos e peso do albúmen foram encontrados nas aves alimentadas com 750 mg de erva-doce, enquanto a maior altura do albúmen foi observada pela dose estimada de 669 mg (p0,05). O Teste de imobilidade tônica teve efeito linear (p<0,05) decrescente, que indica um menor tempo em segundos em imobilidade tônica para as aves que receberam 750 mg de erva-doce. A erva-doce adicionada à dieta não interfere no desempenho, porém melhorou à qualidade dos ovos e foi capaz de alterar características relacionadas ao comportamento das aves.

Influence of fennel in Japanese quail diet over egg quality and behavior aspects / Influência da erva-doce na dieta de codornas japonesas sobre a qualidade dos ovos e aspectos comportamentais

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Pimpinella anisum (fennel) on the performance, stress, and quality of Japanese Quail eggs in the second laying cycle (73 to 77 weeks). One hundred sixty-eight female quails from Japanese sub-species (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 73 weeks of age, divided and submitted to four treatments (0; 250; 500 and 750mg of fennel/kg of feed) were used in a randomized block design. (RBD), with seven replications and six birds per experimental plot, totaling 28 plots. Performance, behavioral, and egg quality parameters were evaluated. Bird performance was not influenced (p>0.05) by the treatments tested. The highest egg weight and albumen weight were found in birds fed 750 mg of fennel, while a higher albumen height was observed for the estimated dose of 669 mg (p<0,05). The estimated doses of 554.09 mg, 634.10 mg, and 613.10 mg of fennel were efficient in reducing agitated behaviors by riding, pecking, and stirring, respectively. However, non-aggressive variables were not influenced by the addition of fennel to the diet (p>0.05). The tonic immobility test had a decreasing linear effect (p<0.05), which indicates a lower time in seconds in tonic immobility to birds receiving 750 mg of fennel. Fennel added to the diet did not interfere with performance, but it influenced essential parameters related to egg quality and was able to alter characteristics related to bird behavior.(AU)

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da Pimpinella anisum(erva-doce) sobre o desempenho, estresse e qualidade dos ovos de codornas japonesas no segundo ciclo de postura (73 a 77 semanas). Foram utilizadas 168 codornas fêmeas da subespécie japonesa (Coturnix coturnix japonica) com 73 semanas de idade, divididas e submetidas a quatro tratamentos (0; 250; 500 e 750mg de erva-doce/kg de ração), em delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), com sete repetições e seis aves por parcela experimental, totalizando 28 parcelas. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, comportamentais e qualidade dos ovos. O desempenho das aves não foi influenciado (p>0,05) pelos tratamentos testados. O maior peso dos ovos e peso do albúmen foram encontrados nas aves alimentadas com 750 mg de erva-doce, enquanto a maior altura do albúmen foi observada pela dose estimada de 669 mg (p<0.05). As variáveis comportamentais agressivas foram consideradas diferentes entre os níveis analisados (p<0,05). As doses estimadas de 554,09 mg, 634,10 mg e 613,10 mg de erva-doce foram eficientes na redução dos comportamentos agitados montando, bicando e agitada, respectivamente. No entanto as variáveis não agressivas não foram influenciadas pela adição de erva-doce na dieta (p>0,05). O Teste de imobilidade tônica teve efeito linear (p<0,05) decrescente, que indica um menor tempo em segundos em imobilidade tônica para as aves que receberam 750 mg de erva-doce. A erva-doce adicionada à dieta não interfere no desempenho, porém melhorou à qualidade dos ovos e foi capaz de alterar características relacionadas ao comportamento das aves.(AU)

Banana leaf in the diet of laying hens in cage free system

The aim of this research was evaluate the productive performance, egg quality and the endoparasites presence on Carijó laying hens in Cage Free system, fed with two experimental diets, one of them supplemented with fresh banana leaf in natura. It were used 196 laying hens with twenty-four weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with 14 boxes, two experimental diets and seven replicates, by treatment with fourteen birds per experimental unit. The variables analyzed were: feed intake; egg production; egg mass: feed conversion per egg mass; feed conversion per dozen eggs; egg weight; albumen weight; yolk weight; shell weight; yolk percentage; albumen percentage shell percentage; yolk pigmentation and the presence of endoparasites. No influence (p > 0.05) were found, for performance and egg production, in Carijó laying hens fed supplemented with banana leaf in natura. For the treatment with inclusion of banana leaf, yolk pigmentation were superior (p < 0.05) when compared to control diet, producing eggs with more yolks orange color. In respect to endoparasite analysis, there was significant effect (p < 0.05) in the percentage of infections present in excretas. Among the treatments evaluated, the one with banana leaf supplementation reduced in 26.54% the endoparasites presence. The inclusion of banana leaf in the diet of Carijo laying hens does not affect performance and eggs quality and decreases the amount of endoparasites of the genus Strogyloides spp.(AU)

Egg quality of laying hens fed diets with plant extracts

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of marigold flower extract and paprika on egg quality of Black Avifran laying hens in different periods of storage. A completely randomized design study with a 3x3 factorial scheme with three diets (control, paprika, and marigold flower extract) and three storage periods (0, 7, and 14 days) was carried out. The following metrics were evaluated: egg weight, yolk weight, shell weight; yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit as well as the yolk, shell, and albumen percentage relative to the total weight of the egg. There was no significant interaction between additives and storage time (p > 0.05) for most of the parameters evaluated. The only exception was observed for yolk color, in which the interaction effect between treatments was significant (p < 0.05). The effect of storage time was significant (p < 0.05) for albumen weight, albumen percentage, yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit, with reduction of these parameters over the evaluation period. The use of paprika and marigold flower extract in the diets of Black Avifran laying hens does not influence egg quality.(AU)

Distillers dried grains with solubles from corn in diet of japanese quails

The objective of this study was to evaluate different inclusion levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn in the diet of quails. A total of 210 japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were distributed in a completely randomized design of five treatments and six replicates, with seven quails per experimental unit. The treatments used were: control feed; inclusion of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of DDGS. The variables assessed were: feed intake, feed conversion per dozen and egg mass, egg production, egg weight, specific gravity, yolk color and economic analysis. Data were analyzed by regression model and Dunnetts test at 5% probability. For individual feed intake, laying rate, and feed conversion per egg mass, specific gravity and yolk color by color fan, there was effect caused by inclusion of DDGS (p < 0.05), but the other variables did not show significant difference. By Dunnetts test, for feed intake, feed conversion per egg mass, specific gravity and digital colorimeters L parameter, there was effect (p < 0.05). As for economic analysis, DDGS presented low cost. It can be concluded that DDGS can be used in feed at a 20% level without impairing the performance and quality of quails eggs.(AU)

Distillers dried grains with solubles from corn in diet of japanese quails

The objective of this study was to evaluate different inclusion levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn in the diet of quails. A total of 210 japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were distributed in a completely randomized design of five treatments and six replicates, with seven quails per experimental unit. The treatments used were: control feed; inclusion of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of DDGS. The variables assessed were: feed intake, feed conversion per dozen and egg mass, egg production, egg weight, specific gravity, yolk color and economic analysis. Data were analyzed by regression model and Dunnett’s test at 5% probability. For individual feed intake, laying rate, and feed conversion per egg mass, specific gravity and yolk color by color fan, there was effect caused by inclusion of DDGS (p < 0.05), but the other variables did not show significant difference. By Dunnett’s test, for feed intake, feed conversion per egg mass, specific gravity and digital colorimeter’s L parameter, there was effect (p < 0.05). As for economic analysis, DDGS presented low cost. It can be concluded that DDGS can be used in feed at a 20% level without impairing the performance and quality of quails eggs.

Banana leaf in the diet of laying hens in cage free system

The aim of this research was evaluate the productive performance, egg quality and the endoparasites presence on Carijó laying hens in Cage Free system, fed with two experimental diets, one of them supplemented with fresh banana leaf in natura. It were used 196 laying hens with twenty-four weeks of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with 14 boxes, two experimental diets and seven replicates, by treatment with fourteen birds per experimental unit. The variables analyzed were: feed intake; egg production; egg mass: feed conversion per egg mass; feed conversion per dozen eggs; egg weight; albumen weight; yolk weight; shell weight; yolk percentage; albumen percentage shell percentage; yolk pigmentation and the presence of endoparasites. No influence (p > 0.05) were found, for performance and egg production, in Carijó laying hens fed supplemented with banana leaf in natura. For the treatment with inclusion of banana leaf, yolk pigmentation were superior (p < 0.05) when compared to control diet, producing eggs with more yolks orange color. In respect to endoparasite analysis, there was significant effect (p < 0.05) in the percentage of infections present in excretas. Among the treatments evaluated, the one with banana leaf supplementation reduced in 26.54% the endoparasites presence. The inclusion of banana leaf in the diet of Carijo laying hens does not affect performance and eggs quality and decreases the amount of endoparasites of the genus Strogyloides spp.

Egg quality of laying hens fed diets with plant extracts

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of marigold flower extract and paprika on egg quality of Black Avifran laying hens in different periods of storage. A completely randomized design study with a 3x3 factorial scheme with three diets (control, paprika, and marigold flower extract) and three storage periods (0, 7, and 14 days) was carried out. The following metrics were evaluated: egg weight, yolk weight, shell weight; yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit as well as the yolk, shell, and albumen percentage relative to the total weight of the egg. There was no significant interaction between additives and storage time (p > 0.05) for most of the parameters evaluated. The only exception was observed for yolk color, in which the interaction effect between treatments was significant (p < 0.05). The effect of storage time was significant (p < 0.05) for albumen weight, albumen percentage, yolk color, albumen height, specific gravity, and Haugh unit, with reduction of these parameters over the evaluation period. The use of paprika and marigold flower extract in the diets of Black Avifran laying hens does not influence egg quality.

Production of laying hens in different rearing systems under hot weather / Avaliação da produção de galinhas poedeiras criadas em diferentes sistemas em clima quente

The environment is very important for the performance of laying hens; thus, techniques are required to improve production systems, providing better welfare for poultry and consequent increase in the quality of the final product, the egg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rearing system, on the floor and in cage, on the performance and egg internal and external quality of laying hens. A total of 320 Hysex Brown laying hens, with 34-43 weeks days of age, was distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments, floor and cage, with 10 replicates each. The parameters evaluated were: individual feed intake, egg production per replicate, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg weight; weight and percentage participation of shell, albumen and yolk, specific gravity, body weight variation and viability of birds. The results show that the birds raised on the floor showed best results as to egg production, besides the best internal and external quality, with greater weight of egg, yolk, albumen, shell and with lower losses of eggs. Because of the negative effects of the cage system, in general, hens presented lower results when compared to results of those raised on the floor.

É de suma importância o ambiente no desempenho de galinhas poedeiras, sendo necessárias técnicas que viabilizem a melhoria dos sistemas de produção e ambiência, proporcionando bem-estar às aves e consequente incremento na qualidade do produto final, o ovo. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do sistema de criação, em piso e gaiola sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos (interna e externa) de galinhas poedeiras. Foram utilizadas 320 galinhas poedeiras da linhagem Hysex Brown, de 34 a 43 semanas de idade, os dois tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, piso e gaiola, com 10 repetições cada. As variáveis avaliadas foram: consumo de ração individual, taxa de postura por repetição, conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos, peso do ovo; peso e participação percentual da casca, da gema e do albúmen, gravidade específica, variação de peso corporal e viabilidade das aves. Pelos resultados foi observado que as aves criadas em piso apresentaram melhores valores de produção de ovos, além da melhor qualidade interna e externa, com maior peso do ovo, gema, albúmen e casca e com menores perdas de ovos. As aves alojadas nas gaiolas, por terem sofrido efeitos negativos do sistema de criação, apresentaram, de maneira geral, resultados inferiores quando comparado ao das aves criadas em piso.

Production of laying hens in different rearing systems under hot weather / Avaliação da produção de galinhas poedeiras criadas em diferentes sistemas em clima quente

The environment is very important for the performance of laying hens; thus, techniques are required to improve production systems, providing better welfare for poultry and consequent increase in the quality of the final product, the egg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rearing system, on the floor and in cage, on the performance and egg internal and external quality of laying hens. A total of 320 Hysex Brown laying hens, with 34-43 weeks days of age, was distributed in a completely randomized design, with two treatments, floor and cage, with 10 replicates each. The parameters evaluated were: individual feed intake, egg production per replicate, feed conversion per dozen eggs, egg weight; weight and percentage participation of shell, albumen and yolk, specific gravity, body weight variation and viability of birds. The results show that the birds raised on the floor showed best results as to egg production, besides the best internal and external quality, with greater weight of egg, yolk, albumen, shell and with lower losses of eggs. Because of the negative effects of the cage system, in general, hens presented lower results when compared to results of those raised on the floor.(AU)

É de suma importância o ambiente no desempenho de galinhas poedeiras, sendo necessárias técnicas que viabilizem a melhoria dos sistemas de produção e ambiência, proporcionando bem-estar às aves e consequente incremento na qualidade do produto final, o ovo. O objetivo com este trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do sistema de criação, em piso e gaiola sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos (interna e externa) de galinhas poedeiras. Foram utilizadas 320 galinhas poedeiras da linhagem Hysex Brown, de 34 a 43 semanas de idade, os dois tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, piso e gaiola, com 10 repetições cada. As variáveis avaliadas foram: consumo de ração individual, taxa de postura por repetição, conversão alimentar por dúzia de ovos, peso do ovo; peso e participação percentual da casca, da gema e do albúmen, gravidade específica, variação de peso corporal e viabilidade das aves. Pelos resultados foi observado que as aves criadas em piso apresentaram melhores valores de produção de ovos, além da melhor qualidade interna e externa, com maior peso do ovo, gema, albúmen e casca e com menores perdas de ovos. As aves alojadas nas gaiolas, por terem sofrido efeitos negativos do sistema de criação, apresentaram, de maneira geral, resultados inferiores quando comparado ao das aves criadas em piso.(AU)

Enteroparasites of the families Eimeriidae and Ascarididae in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá River Valley, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Diseases caused by endoparasites trigger serious health problems, harming the development and production of birds. The objective of this study was to diagnose the presence of eggs and oocysts of Ascarididae and Eimeriidae parasites in Japanese quail excreta using the Willis-Mollay technique in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá river valey, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Eggs and oocysts of the family Eimeriidae was found in 40% of the samples and the family Ascarididae in about 56% of the collected samples. The high parasite rate is a consequence of inadequate management of excreta, as well as lack of use or misuse of coccidiostats as food additives.

Enteroparasites of the families Eimeriidae and Ascarididae in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá River Valley, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Diseases caused by endoparasites trigger serious health problems, harming the development and production of birds. The objective of this study was to diagnose the presence of eggs and oocysts of Ascarididae and Eimeriidae parasites in Japanese quail excreta using the Willis-Mollay technique in the metropolitan region of the Cuiabá river valey, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Eggs and oocysts of the family Eimeriidae was found in 40% of the samples and the family Ascarididae in about 56% of the collected samples. The high parasite rate is a consequence of inadequate management of excreta, as well as lack of use or misuse of coccidiostats as food additives.(AU)

Relations of methionine plus cystine to lysine digestible of males meat quails in termination phase / Relações metionina + cistina: lisina digestíveis para codornas de corte machos em fase de terminação

In order of estimating the best relations methionine plus cystine: digestible lysine for quails males during the periods 22 to 28 and 29 to 35 days of age were developed two experiments. The quails received a basal diet deficient in methionine plus cystine, which were supplemented with five levels of DL-Methionine, replacing glutamic acid and starch, resulting in the following relations: 0.68, 0.73, 0.78, 0.83 and 0.88. A total of 280 quails distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and eight replicates of seven quails per experimental unit. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield and feathering of quails, composition of the carcass and nitrogen balance were evaluate. During the period from 22 to 28 days of age there was no effect for the variables studied front to relations methionine plus cystine : digestible lysine. During the period 29 to 35 days of age was observed effect on feed intake, methionine + cystine intake and weight gain. At 35 days old was observed effect on the yield of thigh and drumstick, ether extract and crude protein carcass and nitrogen retention. Are recommended that the relations methionine plus cystine : digestible lysine 0.68 and 0.88 over the period 22 to 28 and 29 to 35 days of age, respectively.(AU)

Com o objetivo de estimar as melhores relações metionina + cistina: lisina digestíveis para codornas de corte machos durante os períodos de 22 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos. As aves foram submetidas a uma ração basal deficiente em metionina + cistina digestível, sendo esta suplementada com cinco níveis de DL-Metionina, em substituição ao ácido glutâmico e amido, resultando nas seguintes relações metionina + cistina: lisina digestíveis: 0,68; 0,73; 0,78; 0,83 e 0,88. Foram utilizadas 280 codornas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos, oito repetições de sete aves por parcela. Avaliou-se o consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, rendimento de carcaça, empenamento das aves, composição química da carcaça e balanço de nitrogênio. Durante o período de 22 a 28 dias de idade não houve efeito para as variáveis estudadas frente às relações + cistina: lisina digestíveis. Para o período de 29 a 35 dias de idade observou-se efeito para o consumo de ração, consumo de metionina + cistina e o ganho de peso. Aos 35 dias de idade observou-se efeito para o rendimento de coxa e sobrecoxa, extrato etéreo e proteína bruta da carcaça e para a retenção de nitrogênio. Recomendam-se as relações + metionina + cistina : lisina digestíveis de 0,68 e 0,88 durante os períodos de 22 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade(AU)

Relations of methionine plus cystine to lysine digestible of males meat quails in termination phase / Relações metionina + cistina: lisina digestíveis para codornas de corte machos em fase de terminação

In order of estimating the best relations methionine plus cystine: digestible lysine for quails males during the periods 22 to 28 and 29 to 35 days of age were developed two experiments. The quails received a basal diet deficient in methionine plus cystine, which were supplemented with five levels of DL-Methionine, replacing glutamic acid and starch, resulting in the following relations: 0.68, 0.73, 0.78, 0.83 and 0.88. A total of 280 quails distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and eight replicates of seven quails per experimental unit. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield and feathering of quails, composition of the carcass and nitrogen balance were evaluate. During the period from 22 to 28 days of age there was no effect for the variables studied front to relations methionine plus cystine : digestible lysine. During the period 29 to 35 days of age was observed effect on feed intake, methionine + cystine intake and weight gain. At 35 days old was observed effect on the yield of thigh and drumstick, ether extract and crude protein carcass and nitrogen retention. Are recommended that the relations methionine plus cystine : digestible lysine 0.68 and 0.88 over the period 22 to 28 and 29 to 35 days of age, respectively.

Com o objetivo de estimar as melhores relações metionina + cistina: lisina digestíveis para codornas de corte machos durante os períodos de 22 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos. As aves foram submetidas a uma ração basal deficiente em metionina + cistina digestível, sendo esta suplementada com cinco níveis de DL-Metionina, em substituição ao ácido glutâmico e amido, resultando nas seguintes relações metionina + cistina: lisina digestíveis: 0,68; 0,73; 0,78; 0,83 e 0,88. Foram utilizadas 280 codornas distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos, oito repetições de sete aves por parcela. Avaliou-se o consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, rendimento de carcaça, empenamento das aves, composição química da carcaça e balanço de nitrogênio. Durante o período de 22 a 28 dias de idade não houve efeito para as variáveis estudadas frente às relações + cistina: lisina digestíveis. Para o período de 29 a 35 dias de idade observou-se efeito para o consumo de ração, consumo de metionina + cistina e o ganho de peso. Aos 35 dias de idade observou-se efeito para o rendimento de coxa e sobrecoxa, extrato etéreo e proteína bruta da carcaça e para a retenção de nitrogênio. Recomendam-se as relações + metionina + cistina : lisina digestíveis de 0,68 e 0,88 durante os períodos de 22 a 28 e 29 a 35 dias de idade

Serum lipid profile of broilers fed diets with inclusion of mango waste meal / Perfil lipídico sérico de frangos de corte alimentados com inclusão de farelo de resíduo de manga nas rações

We evaluated the effect of including 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% mango waste meal (MWM) variety UBA in corn and soybean meal-based diet son the serum lipid profile of broilers. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and six replicates with 20 birds per experimental unit. Concentrations of creatinine, albumin, total protein, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TAG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), were evaluated at the ages of 14, 28 and 42 days, with 30 birds evaluated per age. At 14 days, there was no difference serum creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL, triacylglycerols, total proteins or VLDL-C concentrations as compared with control. Albumin concentration was the highest at the MWM inclusion levels of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%. At 28 days, triacylglycerols, VLDL-C and LDL-C were the lowestat 7.5% inclusion whereas at 42 days, these same variables were the lowest with addition of 10.0% meal. At 14, 28 and 42 days of age, the VLDL-C, LDL-C and total TAG contents were found to decrease at mango waste meal inclusion levels of 5.0 and 7.5% in the diets, which maybe considered an indicator of improvements in the metabolic conditions of broilers.

Avaliou-se o efeito da inclusão de 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0% do farelo do resíduo de manga (FRM) variedade Ubá em dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja sobre o perfil lipídico sérico de frangos de corte. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, sendo cinco tratamentos com seis repetições de 20 aves por unidade experimental. Avaliaram-se as concentrações de creatinina, albumina, proteínas totais, colesterol total, triacilglicerois (TAG), lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL), lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (LDL), lipoproteínas de densidade de muito baixa (VLDL) nas idades de 14, 28 e 42 dias, sendo avaliadas 30 aves por idade. Aos 14 dias não houve diferença nas concentrações séricas de creatinina, colesterol total, HDL, triacilglicerois, proteínas totais e VLDL quando comparados com o controle. A concentração de albumina foi superior para os níveis de inclusão de 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0% de FRM. Aos 28dias, triacilglicerois, VLDL e LDL foram menores em 7,5% de inclusão, enquanto que aos 42 dias, essas mesmas variáveis foram menores com a adição de 10,0%. Aos 14, 28 e 42dias de idade foram observadas reduções dos teores de VLDL, LDL e TAG totais nos níveis de inclusão de FRM de 5,0% e 7,5% nas rações, isso pode ser considerado como indicador na melhoria das condições metabólicas dos frangos de corte.

Serum lipid profile of broilers fed diets with inclusion of mango waste meal / Perfil lipídico sérico de frangos de corte alimentados com inclusão de farelo de resíduo de manga nas rações

We evaluated the effect of including 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% mango waste meal (MWM) variety UBA in corn and soybean meal-based diet son the serum lipid profile of broilers. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and six replicates with 20 birds per experimental unit. Concentrations of creatinine, albumin, total protein, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TAG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), were evaluated at the ages of 14, 28 and 42 days, with 30 birds evaluated per age. At 14 days, there was no difference serum creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL, triacylglycerols, total proteins or VLDL-C concentrations as compared with control. Albumin concentration was the highest at the MWM inclusion levels of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%. At 28 days, triacylglycerols, VLDL-C and LDL-C were the lowestat 7.5% inclusion whereas at 42 days, these same variables were the lowest with addition of 10.0% meal. At 14, 28 and 42 days of age, the VLDL-C, LDL-C and total TAG contents were found to decrease at mango waste meal inclusion levels of 5.0 and 7.5% in the diets, which maybe considered an indicator of improvements in the metabolic conditions of broilers.(AU)

Avaliou-se o efeito da inclusão de 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0% do farelo do resíduo de manga (FRM) variedade Ubá em dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja sobre o perfil lipídico sérico de frangos de corte. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, sendo cinco tratamentos com seis repetições de 20 aves por unidade experimental. Avaliaram-se as concentrações de creatinina, albumina, proteínas totais, colesterol total, triacilglicerois (TAG), lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL), lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (LDL), lipoproteínas de densidade de muito baixa (VLDL) nas idades de 14, 28 e 42 dias, sendo avaliadas 30 aves por idade. Aos 14 dias não houve diferença nas concentrações séricas de creatinina, colesterol total, HDL, triacilglicerois, proteínas totais e VLDL quando comparados com o controle. A concentração de albumina foi superior para os níveis de inclusão de 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0% de FRM. Aos 28dias, triacilglicerois, VLDL e LDL foram menores em 7,5% de inclusão, enquanto que aos 42 dias, essas mesmas variáveis foram menores com a adição de 10,0%. Aos 14, 28 e 42dias de idade foram observadas reduções dos teores de VLDL, LDL e TAG totais nos níveis de inclusão de FRM de 5,0% e 7,5% nas rações, isso pode ser considerado como indicador na melhoria das condições metabólicas dos frangos de corte.(AU)

Heat stress and vitamin E in diets for broilers as a mitigating measure / Estresse térmico por calor e vitamina E em rações para frangos de corte como medida atenuante

This review aimed to identify the importance of vitamin E dietary supplementation to broilers subjected to heat stress in relation to metabolism, growth performance and quality of animal products and its effects on immune system. Vitamin E is the concentration of tocopherol and tocotrienol, which can be found in natural or synthetic form. This vitamin is essential for the integrity of reproductive, muscular, circulatory, nervous and immune systems of the animals. In order to reduce the harmful effects of high temperatures in poultry production, vitamin E supplementation is a viable alternative for the sector. Some studies indicate its potential antioxidant effect able to modulate inflammatory responses and physiological adjustments to mitigate the undesirable effects of exposure of broilers to high temperatures. Moreover, it has been found increased viability of animals due to the greater activation of the immune system, and improved quality of animal products given to the deposition in tissues with consequent nutritional enrichment of meat products.

Objetivou-se, com esta revisão, identificar a importância da suplementação de vitamina E às rações de frangos de corte submetidos a estresse por calor, em relação ao metabolismo, ao desempenho produtivo e à qualidade dos produtos de origem animal, bem como seus efeitos no sistema imune das aves. A vitamina E corresponde à concentração de tocoferol e de tocotrienol, podendo ser encontrada na forma natural ou sintética. É sabido que, essa vitamina, é essencial para a integridade reprodutiva, muscular, circulatória, nervosa e imunológica dos animais. Para reduzir os efeitos prejudiciais das altas temperaturas na produção avícola, a suplementação de vitamina E apresenta-se como alternativa viável para o setor. Alguns estudos indicam seu potencial efeito antioxidante capaz de modular respostas inflamatórias e ajustes fisiológicos para atenuar os efeitos indesejáveis da exposição das aves a elevadas temperaturas. Além disso, tem sido verificado aumento da viabilidade dos animais, pela maior ativação do sistema imune, e melhora na qualidade dos produtos de origem animal, devido à sua capacidade de deposição nos tecidos, com consequente enriquecimento nutricional dos produtos cárneos.