Ovum pick-up technique in recently weaned ewe lambs subjected to ovarian stimulation

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and possible complications of the laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) technique and to optimize ovarian stimulation in recently weaned ewe lambs.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-six healthy lambs, aging 4-8 weeks, were used in this study and divided into six different groups of six animals. Intravaginal implants of medroxyprogesterone were used for follicular wave induction, and parenteral equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were administered for ovarian stimulation. Ewes from group GCN did not receive any treatment. In group GCI, the animals received only intravaginal implants. For other groups, ovarian stimulation was carried out as follows: in Group G80U, ewes were treated with a single dose of 80 mg of FSHp; in Group G80M, ewes received 4 administrations of 20 mg FSH, in Group G160U, they were treated with a single dose of 160 mg FSH; and in Group G160M they received 4 administrations of 40 mg FSH). Quantitative and qualitative assessment of retrieved oocytes were carried out after LOPU. In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes was also quantitative and qualitatively analyzed. Surgical procedure was divided into 6 stages and overall and stage surgical times were assessed. Post-operative pain and plasma fibrinogen were also assessed. The mean overall surgical time...(AU)

Single-port laparoscopic ovariectomy using a pre-tied loop ligature in Santa Ines ewes / Ovariectomia por um portal laparoscópico com aplicação de ligaduras pré-montadas em ovelhas Santa Inês

The aim of the study was to develop and assess the feasibility, postoperative pain and inflammatory response of the single-port laparoscopic ovariectomy in ewes, using a simple pre-tied loop ligature technique. Pre-tied Meltzer's knot was employed for prophylactic hemostasis of the ovarian pedicle. Slipknot was inserted within the abdominal cavity through a 14-gauge needle and tied surrounding the ovarian pedicle. Mean surgical time, manipulation, ligature and resection of each ovary and anesthesia time were 63±20, 20±10 and 91±26 minutes, respectively. No bleeding occurred during the surgeries. Ewes showed low scores pain (0.5±0.5) at all time-points. Postsurgical plasma fibrinogen was within the normal range for sheep specie at all time-points. The ewes showed a significant weight gain in comparison to the basal scaling (one day before the surgery). Single-port laparoscopic ovariectomy using a pre-tied loop ligature is feasible in the ovine specie and provided minimal postoperative distress and quick weight gain.(AU)

Objetivou-se com este trabalho desenvolver e descrever uma técnica de ovariectomia por videolaparoscopia utilizando um portal laparoscópico e um sistema de ligadura pré-montada, avaliando a sua viabilidade, o desconforto doloroso e o processo inflamatório provocado em ovelhas. O nó de Meltzer pré-montado foi utilizado para hemostasia profilática do pedículo ovariano. O nó corrediço foi inserido na cavidade abdominal através de uma agulha 14G e atado em torno do pedículo ovariano. O tempo médio de cirurgia foi de 63±20min, o de manipulação, ligadura e ressecção para cada ovário foi de 20±10min, e o de anestesia 91±26min. Não houve hemorragia durante as cirurgias. As ovelhas apresentaram escores de dor considerados baixos (0,5±0,5). Todos os valores do fibrinogênio plasmático estiveram dentro do padrão de normalidade, não havendo diferença estatística entre os momentos avaliados. Houve aumento significativo nas médias de peso das fêmeas, quando comparados ao momento controle (um dia anterior ao experimento). A ovariectomia por um portal laparoscópico com aplicação de ligaduras pré-montadas é factível para a espécie ovina, provocando mínimo estresse, desconforto doloroso e rápido ganho de peso nos animais.(AU)

Ovum pick-up technique in recently weaned ewe lambs subjected to ovarian stimulation

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and possible complications of the laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) technique and to optimize ovarian stimulation in recently weaned ewe lambs.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-six healthy lambs, aging 4-8 weeks, were used in this study and divided into six different groups of six animals. Intravaginal implants of medroxyprogesterone were used for follicular wave induction, and parenteral equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were administered for ovarian stimulation. Ewes from group GCN did not receive any treatment. In group GCI, the animals received only intravaginal implants. For other groups, ovarian stimulation was carried out as follows: in Group G80U, ewes were treated with a single dose of 80 mg of FSHp; in Group G80M, ewes received 4 administrations of 20 mg FSH, in Group G160U, they were treated with a single dose of 160 mg FSH; and in Group G160M they received 4 administrations of 40 mg FSH). Quantitative and qualitative assessment of retrieved oocytes were carried out after LOPU. In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes was also quantitative and qualitatively analyzed. Surgical procedure was divided into 6 stages and overall and stage surgical times were assessed. Post-operative pain and plasma fibrinogen were also assessed. The mean overall surgical time...

Dermovilite exsudativa vegetante crônica com apresentação clínica atípica em um equino: relato de caso / Chronic hypertrophic pododermatitis with atipical clínical presentation in one equine: case report / Dermovilitis exudativa crónica con presentación clínica atípica en un equino: relato de caso

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso clínico de dermovilite exsudativa vegetante crônica em um equino que apresentava lesões profundas na área lateral da coroa do membro posterior esquerdo e nas ranilhas dos membros anteriores, ao exame histopatológico verificou-se superfície irregular, brancoacinzentado e firme, compacto e brancacento ao corte. Este animal foi tratado conforme indicação da literatura, no qual houve leve melhora. Porém após iniciar-se a utilização local do metronidazol observou-se completa resolução da lesão. Vale ressaltar que a forma de tratamento recomendada ainda é controversa. Mesmo sendo considerada uma enfermidade esporádica, a adoção de técnicas adequadas de manejo e higiene das baias é imprescindível para evitar o desenvolvimento desta afecção.

The objective of this study was to describe a clinical case of chronic vegetative exudative dermovilitis in an equine that presented deep lesions in the lateral area of the crown of the left hind limb and in the limbs of the anterior limbs. The histopathological examination revealed irregular, grayish-white surface and firm, compact and whitish to the cut. This animal was treated as indicated in the literature, in which there was slight improvement. However, after the local use of metronidazole, a complete resolution of the lesion was observed. It is worth noting that the recommended form of treatment is still controversial. Even though it is considered a sporadic disease, the adoption of adequate techniques of handling and hygiene of the bays are essential to avoid the development of this affection.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir un caso clínico de dermovilitis exudativa crónica en un equino que presentaba lesiones profundas en el área lateral de la corona dei miembro posterior izquierdo y en las ranuras de los miembros anteriores, al examen histopatológico se verificó superficie irregular, blancaacinzentada y firme, compacto y blancacento al corte. Este animal fue tratado conforme a la indicación de la literatura, en el que hubo ligera mejora. Sin embargo, después de iniciar el uso local del metronidazol se observó completa resolución de la lesión. Es importante resaltar que la forma de tratamiento recomendada sigue siendo controvertida. Sin embargo, considerada una enfermedad esporádica, la adopción de técnicas adecuadas de manejo e higiene de las bahías eses imprescindible para evitar el desarrollo de esta afección.

Dermovilite exsudativa vegetante crônica com apresentação clínica atípica em um equino: relato de caso / Chronic hypertrophic pododermatitis with atipical clínical presentation in one equine: case report / Dermovilitis exudativa crónica con presentación clínica atípica en un equino: relato de caso

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso clínico de dermovilite exsudativa vegetante crônica em um equino que apresentava lesões profundas na área lateral da coroa do membro posterior esquerdo e nas ranilhas dos membros anteriores, ao exame histopatológico verificou-se superfície irregular, brancoacinzentado e firme, compacto e brancacento ao corte. Este animal foi tratado conforme indicação da literatura, no qual houve leve melhora. Porém após iniciar-se a utilização local do metronidazol observou-se completa resolução da lesão. Vale ressaltar que a forma de tratamento recomendada ainda é controversa. Mesmo sendo considerada uma enfermidade esporádica, a adoção de técnicas adequadas de manejo e higiene das baias é imprescindível para evitar o desenvolvimento desta afecção.(AU)

The objective of this study was to describe a clinical case of chronic vegetative exudative dermovilitis in an equine that presented deep lesions in the lateral area of the crown of the left hind limb and in the limbs of the anterior limbs. The histopathological examination revealed irregular, grayish-white surface and firm, compact and whitish to the cut. This animal was treated as indicated in the literature, in which there was slight improvement. However, after the local use of metronidazole, a complete resolution of the lesion was observed. It is worth noting that the recommended form of treatment is still controversial. Even though it is considered a sporadic disease, the adoption of adequate techniques of handling and hygiene of the bays are essential to avoid the development of this affection.(AU)

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir un caso clínico de dermovilitis exudativa crónica en un equino que presentaba lesiones profundas en el área lateral de la corona dei miembro posterior izquierdo y en las ranuras de los miembros anteriores, al examen histopatológico se verificó superficie irregular, blancaacinzentada y firme, compacto y blancacento al corte. Este animal fue tratado conforme a la indicación de la literatura, en el que hubo ligera mejora. Sin embargo, después de iniciar el uso local del metronidazol se observó completa resolución de la lesión. Es importante resaltar que la forma de tratamiento recomendada sigue siendo controvertida. Sin embargo, considerada una enfermedad esporádica, la adopción de técnicas adecuadas de manejo e higiene de las bahías eses imprescindible para evitar el desarrollo de esta afección.(AU)

Hemogasometria de eqüinos submetidos à obstrução experimental do duodeno, íleo e cólon maior / Blood gas analysis of horses submitted to experimental obstruction of duodenum, ileum and large colon

Visando estudar os parâmetros do equilíbrio ácido-base de eqüinos submetidos a um modelo experimental de obstrução intestinal, 24 animais foram distribuídos em quatro grupos, controle instrumentado (GI), obstrução do duodeno (GII), íleo (GIII) e cólon maior (GIV). As amostras de sangue venoso foram coletadas antes das cirurgias (T0), durante as obstruções (T30ob-T180ob) e após as desobstruções (T60des-T180des). Os eqüinos do GIV, no T30ob, e os eqüinos do GII, nos T60ob, T90ob e T120ob, apresentaram aumento do pH(v), da cHCO-3(vP) e da cBase(v) que, acrescidos do aumento da pCO2(v) e da ctCO2(v), caracterizou a alcalose metabólica com compensação respiratória. Nos T90ob e T120ob, nos animais do GII, e no T180ob, nos animais do GIII, a pO2(v) e a sO2(v) tiveram comportamento semelhante. Os valores baixos apresentados pelos animais do GII foram associados à hipercapnia ou à hipoventilação, desencadeadas para a correção da alcalose metabólica. Entretanto, a hipoxemia apresentada pelos animais do GIII foi associada à hipovolemia presente neste período. As alterações ácido-base observadas constituem-se de alterações leves e temporárias, as quais não são capazes de predizer o diagnóstico das obstruções intestinais específicas em eqüinos com cólica. Entretanto, por relacionarem-se diretamente com a precocidade do distúrbio gastrintestinal, elas auxiliam o pesquisador no prognóstico.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate parameters of acid-base balance in horses submitted to an experimental model of intestinal obstruction. Twenty-four animals were divided in four groups: instrumented control (GI), duodenum obstruction (GII), ileum obstruction (GIII) and large colon obstruction (GIV). Venous blood samples were collected before surgery (T0), during the obstruction (T30ob-T180ob) and after unblocking procedures (T60des-T180des). Animals from GIV, at T30ob and animals from GII, at T60ob, T90ob and T120ob, presented higher values for pH(v), cHCO-3(vP) and cBase(v) which, added to the increase of pCO2(v) and ctCO2(v), characterized the metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation. At T90ob and T120ob, in GII animals, and at T180ob, in GIII animals the pO2(v) and sO2(v) had similar response. Low values presented by GII animals were associated to hypercapnia or hypoventilation triggered for metabolic alkalosis correction. However, a hypoxemia presented by GIII animals was associated to hypovolemia at that period. There were light and temporary acid-base alterations that are not capable to predict specific intestinal obstruction diagnosis in equines with colic. However they help in prognosis since both have a direct relation with the precociousness of gastrointestinal disturbance.(AU)

Efeitos do tramadol no modelo de dor induzida por obstrução intestinal em eqüinos

Avaliaram-se os efeitos clínico e comportamental da injeção intravenosa do tramadol no controle da dor induzida experimentalmente, por obstrução intestinal extraluminal, com dreno de Pen Rose. Foram utilizados 24 cavalos distribuídos em quatro grupos: controle (GC, n=6); obstrução duodenal (GD, n=6); obstrução de íleo (GI, n=6) e obstrução de flexura pélvica (GFP, n=6). Após medicação pré-anestésica com a associação de acepromazina (0,025 mg.kg-1 IV), xilazina (0,5 mg.kg-1 IV) e meperidina (4 mg.kg-1 IM), o tramadol foi administrado nas doses de 1,0 mg.kg-1 e 1,5 mg.kg-1, por via intravenosa (IV), imediatamente após a obstrução intestinal, em três cavalos de cada grupo. Avaliaram-se as freqüências cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (f), temperatura retal (TºC), tempo de preenchimento capilar (TPC), motilidade intestinal, comportamento relacionado à dor (olhar para o flanco, cavar, deitar e rolar) hemograma e hemogasometria venosa, nos intervalos: M0 (basal) a cada 0,5 hora de M1 a M6 , na fase de obstrução, e até três horas após a reversão do processo obstrutivo (M7 a M12). Os resultados demonstraram que não houve diferença significativa entres as doses utilizadas dentro de cada grupo, assim como entre os grupos. Houve aumento da FC em M11 no GD e em M12 no GFP. Os sinais de dor abdominal e atonia intestinal iniciaram-se em M5 no GFP e em M6 no GI. Nos animais do GD, os sinais de desconforto não progrediram. No leucograma foi observado um quadro característico de estresse e na hemogasometria os animais do GD tendenciaram à alcalose metabólica com compensação respiratória. Clinicamente, observou-se que a dose de 1,5 mg.kg-1 de tramadol proporcionou melhor conforto para os animais, porem sem significado estatístico, quando comparado coma dose de 1,0 mg.kg-1...

The clinical and behavioral effects of the intravenous injection of tramadol were evaluated during the control of pain induced experimentally due to intestinal extraluminal obstruction using ?Pen Rose? drain. A total of 24 horses were used and distributed in four groups: control (GC, n=6); duodenal obstruction (GD, n=6); ileum obstruction (GI, n=6) and pelvic flexure obstruction (GFP, n=6). After administration of pre-anesthetic medications using association of acepromazine (0.025 mg.kg-1 IV), xylazine (0.5 mg.kg-1 IV) and meperidine (4 mg.kg-1 IM), tramadol was administered at doses of 1.0 mg.kg-1 and 1.5 mg.kg-1 intravenously (IV), immediately after the intestinal obstruction in three horses of each group. Evaluations were performed, including heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), capillary refill time (CRT), gut motility, pain-related behaviour (look for the sidewall, dig down and roll) and blood gases from venous blood at the time: M0 (baseline) and every 0.5 hours from M1 to M6, during obstruction process and also until three hours after the obstructive process be reverted (M7 to M12). The results showed no significant difference among the doses used in the same group as among groups. There was an increase in HR in the GD M11 and M12 of GFP. Signs of abdominal pain and intestinal atony began at M5 in GFP and at M6 in GI. In animals from GD, the discomfort signs did not showed progress. On the leucogram was observed a typical stress and on the blood gas analysis the animals from GD showed a tendency to metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation. Clinically, was observed that the dose of 1.5 mg.kg-1 of tramadol provided better comfort to the animals, but there was not statistical significance, compared with the dose 1.0 mg.kg-1...