Aspectos clínicos e histopatológicos de 19 casos envolvendo tumores mamários em gatas / Clinical and histopathological aspects of 19 cases involving mammary tumors in cats / Aspectos clínicos y histopatológicos de 19 casos envolvendo tumores mamarios en gatas

Objetivou-se avaliar os tumores de maior ocorrência e determinar seus possíveis fatores prognósticos, como: raça, sexo, idade, estado reprodutivo, uso de contraceptivos, número de lesões mamárias, localização e ulceração. Foram estudados 19 casos de neoformações mamárias em felinos no período entre 2013 e 2016. Os tumores mamários tiveram uma frequência de 100% em fêmeas. A idade dos animais variou entre dois e 14 anos (com média ± desvio-padrão de 9,76 ± 3,50), sendo a maior ocorrência em idosos e sem raça definida (SRD). Dos animais acometidos, 68,42% não eram castrados, evidenciando uma considerável influência hormonal. A maioria das neoplasias mamárias apresentaram características de malignidade, revelando um mau prognóstico para os indivíduos portadores. Portanto a avaliação deste conjunto de fatores prognósticos, associados ao diagnóstico histológico remeterá o protocolo terapêutico adequado.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the most frequent tumors and determine their possible prognostic factors, such as: race, sex, age, reproductive status, contraceptive use, number of breast lesions, location and ulceration. We studied 19 cases of new mammary neoformations in felines in the period between 2013 and 2016. Mammary tumors had a frequency of 100% in females. The age of the animals ranged from 2 to 14 years (mean ± standard deviation of 9.76 ± 3.50), the highest occurrence being in the elderly and undefined breed. Of the affected animals, 68.42% were not castrated, evidencing a considerable hormonal influence. The majority of breast neoplasms presented malignancy characteristics, revealing a poor prognosis for the individuals with the disease. Therefore, the evaluation of this set of prognostic factors, associated to the histological diagnosis, will refer the appropriate therapeutic protocol.(AU)

Se objetivó evaluar los tumores de mayor ocurrencia y determinar sus posibles factores pronósticos, como: raza, sexo, edad, estado reproductivo, uso de anticonceptivos, número de lesiones mamarias, localización y ulceración. Se estudiaron 19 casos de neoformaciones mamarias en felinos en el período entre 2013 y 2016. Los tumores mamarios tuvieron una frecuencia de 100% en hembras. La edad de los animales varía entre dos y 14 años (con media ± desviación estándar de 9,76 ± 3,50), siendo la mayor ocurrencia en ancianos y sin raza definida (SRD). De los animales afectados, 68,42% no eran castrados, evidenciando una considerable influencia hormonal. La mayoría de las neoplasias de mama presentaron características de malignidad, revelando un mal pronóstico para los individuos portadores. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de este conjunto de factores pronósticos asociados al diagnóstico histológico remitirá el protocolo terapéutico adecuado.(AU)

Aspectos clínicos e histopatológicos de 19 casos envolvendo tumores mamários em gatas / Clinical and histopathological aspects of 19 cases involving mammary tumors in cats / Aspectos clínicos y histopatológicos de 19 casos envolvendo tumores mamarios en gatas

Objetivou-se avaliar os tumores de maior ocorrência e determinar seus possíveis fatores prognósticos, como: raça, sexo, idade, estado reprodutivo, uso de contraceptivos, número de lesões mamárias, localização e ulceração. Foram estudados 19 casos de neoformações mamárias em felinos no período entre 2013 e 2016. Os tumores mamários tiveram uma frequência de 100% em fêmeas. A idade dos animais variou entre dois e 14 anos (com média ± desvio-padrão de 9,76 ± 3,50), sendo a maior ocorrência em idosos e sem raça definida (SRD). Dos animais acometidos, 68,42% não eram castrados, evidenciando uma considerável influência hormonal. A maioria das neoplasias mamárias apresentaram características de malignidade, revelando um mau prognóstico para os indivíduos portadores. Portanto a avaliação deste conjunto de fatores prognósticos, associados ao diagnóstico histológico remeterá o protocolo terapêutico adequado.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the most frequent tumors and determine their possible prognostic factors, such as: race, sex, age, reproductive status, contraceptive use, number of breast lesions, location and ulceration. We studied 19 cases of new mammary neoformations in felines in the period between 2013 and 2016. Mammary tumors had a frequency of 100% in females. The age of the animals ranged from 2 to 14 years (mean ± standard deviation of 9.76 ± 3.50), the highest occurrence being in the elderly and undefined breed. Of the affected animals, 68.42% were not castrated, evidencing a considerable hormonal influence. The majority of breast neoplasms presented malignancy characteristics, revealing a poor prognosis for the individuals with the disease. Therefore, the evaluation of this set of prognostic factors, associated to the histological diagnosis, will refer the appropriate therapeutic protocol.

Se objetivó evaluar los tumores de mayor ocurrencia y determinar sus posibles factores pronósticos, como: raza, sexo, edad, estado reproductivo, uso de anticonceptivos, número de lesiones mamarias, localización y ulceración. Se estudiaron 19 casos de neoformaciones mamarias en felinos en el período entre 2013 y 2016. Los tumores mamarios tuvieron una frecuencia de 100% en hembras. La edad de los animales varía entre dos y 14 años (con media ± desviación estándar de 9,76 ± 3,50), siendo la mayor ocurrencia en ancianos y sin raza definida (SRD). De los animales afectados, 68,42% no eran castrados, evidenciando una considerable influencia hormonal. La mayoría de las neoplasias de mama presentaron características de malignidad, revelando un mal pronóstico para los individuos portadores. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de este conjunto de factores pronósticos asociados al diagnóstico histológico remitirá el protocolo terapéutico adecuado.

Total hemipelvectomy in a cat with osteoblastic osteosarcoma / Hemipelvectomia total em um gato com osteossarcoma osteoblástico

Background: Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal tissue that exhibits various histological features and a differentiated biological clinical behavior.The combination of clinical, radiological, and histopathological features is important for diagnosis. Surgical treatment of neoplasms with pelvic involvement is a challenge.Primary bone tumors are rare in cats and are mostly reported in older animals. The objective of this paper was to report the case of a feline subjected to total hemipelvectomy as primary treatment of pelvic OSA; the surgical technique and histological analysis of the tumor are described.No signs of recurrence were seen during seven months of follow-up. Case: A 4-year-old female mixed breed cat weighing 3 kg was presented with a one year history of increased volume on the hip joint region. Palpation of the increased volume on the hip showed a firm, adhered, and painful mass. Radiographic examination of the pelvis in the dorso ventral projection exhibited a severe osteoblastic bone reaction on the proximal femur, as well as marked periosteal reaction of the hip joint with involvement of the acetabulum. A ventral approach total hemipelvectomy technique was adopted for excision of the tumor. The animal was placed on a lateral position and a circumferential skin incision was performed on the ipsilateral limb of the affected hemipelvis, on the [...](AU)

Total hemipelvectomy in a cat with osteoblastic osteosarcoma / Hemipelvectomia total em um gato com osteossarcoma osteoblástico

Background: Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal tissue that exhibits various histological features and a differentiated biological clinical behavior.The combination of clinical, radiological, and histopathological features is important for diagnosis. Surgical treatment of neoplasms with pelvic involvement is a challenge.Primary bone tumors are rare in cats and are mostly reported in older animals. The objective of this paper was to report the case of a feline subjected to total hemipelvectomy as primary treatment of pelvic OSA; the surgical technique and histological analysis of the tumor are described.No signs of recurrence were seen during seven months of follow-up. Case: A 4-year-old female mixed breed cat weighing 3 kg was presented with a one year history of increased volume on the hip joint region. Palpation of the increased volume on the hip showed a firm, adhered, and painful mass. Radiographic examination of the pelvis in the dorso ventral projection exhibited a severe osteoblastic bone reaction on the proximal femur, as well as marked periosteal reaction of the hip joint with involvement of the acetabulum. A ventral approach total hemipelvectomy technique was adopted for excision of the tumor. The animal was placed on a lateral position and a circumferential skin incision was performed on the ipsilateral limb of the affected hemipelvis, on the [...]

Osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase intratorácica de tumor mamário canino: relato de dois casos / Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with intrathoracic metastasis of mammary tumor canine: two cases report / Osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con metástasis intratorácica canina de tumor de mama: dos casos de informe

A osteopatia hipertrófica é um distúrbio de osteoprodução generalizada do periósteo que acomete os ossos longos, sendo geralmente secundária a alguma doença intratorácica, como doença cardiopulmonar ou neoplasia. A maioria das lesões são bilaterais e simétricas, podendo ocorrer nos quatro membros. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar dois casos de osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase pulmonar de carcinoma mamário e os achados clínico patológicos destes cães foram estudados.(AU)

Hypertrophic osteopathy is a generalized bone production disorder the periosteum that affects the long bones, usually secondary to some intrathoracic disease, such as cardiopulmonary disease or cancer. Most lesions are bilateral and symmetrical and can occur in all four limbs. This study aims to report two cases of hypertrophic osteopathy associated pulmonary metastasis of breast carcinoma and the clinical and pathological findings of these dogs were studied.(AU)

Osteopatía hipertrófica es un trastorno generalizado osteoproducción del periostio que afecta a los huesos largos, generalmente secundaria a alguna enfermedad intratorácica, como la enfermedad cardiopulmonar o cáncer. La mayoría de las lesiones son bilaterales y simétricas, que se producen en las cuatro extremidades. Este estudio tiene como objetivo reportar dos casos de la osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con se estudiaron las metástasis pulmonares de carcinoma de mama hallazgos clínicos y patológicos de estos perros.(AU)

Osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase intratorácica de tumor mamário canino: relato de dois casos / Hypertrophic osteopathy associated with intrathoracic metastasis of mammary tumor canine: two cases report / Osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con metástasis intratorácica canina de tumor de mama: dos casos de informe

A osteopatia hipertrófica é um distúrbio de osteoprodução generalizada do periósteo que acomete os ossos longos, sendo geralmente secundária a alguma doença intratorácica, como doença cardiopulmonar ou neoplasia. A maioria das lesões são bilaterais e simétricas, podendo ocorrer nos quatro membros. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar dois casos de osteopatia hipertrófica associada à metástase pulmonar de carcinoma mamário e os achados clínico patológicos destes cães foram estudados.

Hypertrophic osteopathy is a generalized bone production disorder the periosteum that affects the long bones, usually secondary to some intrathoracic disease, such as cardiopulmonary disease or cancer. Most lesions are bilateral and symmetrical and can occur in all four limbs. This study aims to report two cases of hypertrophic osteopathy associated pulmonary metastasis of breast carcinoma and the clinical and pathological findings of these dogs were studied.

Osteopatía hipertrófica es un trastorno generalizado osteoproducción del periostio que afecta a los huesos largos, generalmente secundaria a alguna enfermedad intratorácica, como la enfermedad cardiopulmonar o cáncer. La mayoría de las lesiones son bilaterales y simétricas, que se producen en las cuatro extremidades. Este estudio tiene como objetivo reportar dos casos de la osteopatía hipertrófica asociada con se estudiaron las metástasis pulmonares de carcinoma de mama hallazgos clínicos y patológicos de estos perros.

Aspectos radiográficos do hiperparatireoidismo nutricional em uma suçuarana (Puma concolor) / Radiographic aspects of nutritional hyperparathyroidism in a cougar (Puma concolor)

Background: Secondary nutritional hyperparathyroidism (SNH) is a metabolic disease related to calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and causes generalized bone dystrophy. It occurs especially when animals are fed diets which contain proportionally high levels of phosphorus. SNH has been diagnosed in various large feline species such as jaguars, tigers, lions and leopards by means of biochemical and radiographic exams. Even though the feeding habits of these animals are well known, mistakes regarding administration of diets to animals in captivity are common, the most frequent being feeding them exclusively meat. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and radiographic findings of SNH in a cougar kept in captivity. Case: An approximately 9-month-old cougar (Puma concolor) which had been fed an exclusive meat diet was referred to the UFMT Veterinary Hospital after a period of diet correction and oral supplementation with calcium. The animal exhibited hind limb ambulation problems, poor nutritional condition and constipation. Radiographic examination revealed a slight skeletal density reduction, severe angular deformities of the hind limb bones, thickening of the femoral diaphysis, abnormal curvatures of the tibiae and calcanei, lateral displacement of the patellae and narrowing of the pelvic canal. Additionally to the skeletal alterations, there was intense colonic impaction caused by exacerbated accumulation of segmented, highly radiopaque feces. Discussion: In their natural habitat, wild carnivores eat not only meat but also organs like liver, intestines and bones, which suffice the body's needs for essential minerals and vitamins. A meat exclusive diet with no calcium and vitamin D supplementation results in imbalance of calcium and phosphorus levels as well as an increase in the parathyroid hormone levels in the serum. Increased levels of this hormone cause bone resorption and generalized decrease in skeletal density and resistance which can be identified by means of radiographic exams. In this report, the animal exhibited history, clinical signs and radiographic findings similar to cases of SNH in other large felines. Prolonged meat exclusive diet administration caused marked deformities of the pelvis and hind limb bones which were reflected by severe problems in locomotion and defecation. Radiographs showed the existence of angular deformities in several long bones, alterations in shape and of the cortical and medullary portions of the bones, and also the presence of numerous radiopaque lines indicative of fracture consolidation. However, contrary to findings described in other reports, there was only a focal reduction in bone density, probably owing to the balanced diet and treatment employed before the radiographs were taken. Furthermore, in this case constipation occurred simultaneously to the skeletal problems. As reported for domestic animals, the most plausible explanation for the fecal retention observed is mechanical compression of the rectum by the deformed pelvic bones. The present report demonstrates that nutritional hyperparathyroidism can occur in cougars, with characteristics similar to those observed in domestic cats and other large felines. Additionally, it can be diagnosed based on epidemiological data, clinical findings and radiographic imaging.