Antibody occurrence of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania sp. and Ehrlichia canis in dogs in Bahia State / Ocorrência de anticorpos Anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania spp. e Ehrlichia canis em cães do Estado da Bahia

Toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, and ehrlichiosis are zoonoses that have cosmopolitan distribution and cause important clinical changes in dogs and humans. Dogs are important in the epidemiology and transmission of Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis and serve as indicators of environmental contamination by the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. The aim of this study was to detect antibodies against T. gondii, Leishmania spp., and E. canis in dogs from Bahia and identify the risk factors associated with infections. Blood samples were collected from 353 dogs from several municipalities of Bahia and the sera were tested using reaction of indirect immunofluorescence (RIFI) for T. gondii and Leishmania spp. and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for E. canis. The data were tabulated and analyzed using EPI-INFO 7.1.5 program. Of 353 samples analyzed, 144 (40.8%) were positive for T. gondii (antibody titer 16-4,096) and 92 (26.1%) were seropositive for Leishmania spp. (antibody titer 40-160). The seropositivity for E. canis was the highest as compared to that of the other agents. Furthermore, 184 (52.1%) samples were positive for antibodies against E. canis. Sixteen (4.5%), 71 (20.1%), and 25 (7.1%) samples were co-infected with T. gondii and Leishmania spp., T. gondii and E. canis, and E. canis and Leishmania spp., respectively, while 20 (5.7%) dogs presented...

A toxoplasmose, a leishmaniose e a erliquiose são zoonoses que possuem distribuição cosmopolita e causam importantes alterações clínicas em cães e em seres humanos. Cães são importantes na epidemiologia e transmissão de Leishmania infantum e Ehrlichia canis, e podem ser indicadores de contaminação ambiental na transmissão de T. gondii. Objetivou-se com esse estudo detectar anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania spp. e Ehrlichia canis em cães do estado da Bahia, bem como identificar fatores de risco associados as infecções. Amostras de sangue de 353 cães foram coletadas em diversos municípios deste estado e os soros foram submetidos à reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) para T. gondii e Leishmania spp. e ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA) para E. canis. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados utilizando-se o programa EPIINFO 7.1.5. Para o agente etiológico T. gondii, das 353 amostras coletadas, 144 (40,8%) foram positivas, com títulos de anticorpos variando de 16 a 4096. Para Leishmania spp., 92 (26,1%) amostras mostraram soropositividade, com títulos de anticorpos variando de 40 a 160. A soropositividade para E. canis foi a maior em relação aos outros agentes. Dos animais amostrados, 184 (52,1%) tiveram anticorpos anti-E. canis, no ELISA. Das 353 amostras analisadas, verificou-se co-soropositividade em 16 (4,5%) animais para T. gondii e...

Clinical, hematological and biochemical profiles of dogs with Leishmania infantum

Background: Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis affecting dogs worldwide. Its epidemiological importance is observed in Brazil, wherein the largest number of cases originates in the Northeast Region of the country. The disease is caused by the etiologic agent Leishmania chagasi (= infantum) and transmitted by an invertebrate form of sand fly of the genus Lutzomia. Domestic dogs are one of the main reservoirs. The aim of this study was to use molecular analysis to diagnose dogs naturally infected with Leishmania spp. in the city of Jequié, State of Bahia, Brazil, and to describe the clinical signs, as well as the hematological and biochemical profiles associated with these cases.Materials, Methods & Results: In the present study, 198 dogs underwent physical examination and had blood samples collected for hematological, biochemical and PCR tests for Leishmania infantum. Two primers have been used for the molecular diagnostic technique (PCR): first, the ITS-1 specific to Leishmania species followed by the PCR-RFVL to identify the genus; and second, the primer pair RV1/RV2 specific to the Leishmania infantum species in all the samplesAmong the 198 samples collected, four animals tested positive for the Leishmania infantum via PCR, two of which were symptomatic and two asymptomatic. Among the symptomatic animals, animal one presented with diffuse alopecia, ulcerated lesions on the tip of the ears, ophthalmopathy, onychogryphosis, cachexia, anemia and neutrophilic leukocytosis, and animal two presented with alopecia, pustules, crusting, diffusely-spread erythema, anemia, hyperproteinemia, thrombocytopenia and azotemia. Among the two asymptomatic dogs, one animal had anemia, hyperproteinemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and azotemia; the other animal’s laboratory findings revealed hyperproteinemia and leukocytosis with neutrophilia.[...]

Clinical, hematological and biochemical profiles of dogs with Leishmania infantum

Background: Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis affecting dogs worldwide. Its epidemiological importance is observed in Brazil, wherein the largest number of cases originates in the Northeast Region of the country. The disease is caused by the etiologic agent Leishmania chagasi (= infantum) and transmitted by an invertebrate form of sand fly of the genus Lutzomia. Domestic dogs are one of the main reservoirs. The aim of this study was to use molecular analysis to diagnose dogs naturally infected with Leishmania spp. in the city of Jequié, State of Bahia, Brazil, and to describe the clinical signs, as well as the hematological and biochemical profiles associated with these cases.Materials, Methods & Results: In the present study, 198 dogs underwent physical examination and had blood samples collected for hematological, biochemical and PCR tests for Leishmania infantum. Two primers have been used for the molecular diagnostic technique (PCR): first, the ITS-1 specific to Leishmania species followed by the PCR-RFVL to identify the genus; and second, the primer pair RV1/RV2 specific to the Leishmania infantum species in all the samplesAmong the 198 samples collected, four animals tested positive for the Leishmania infantum via PCR, two of which were symptomatic and two asymptomatic. Among the symptomatic animals, animal one presented with diffuse alopecia, ulcerated lesions on the tip of the ears, ophthalmopathy, onychogryphosis, cachexia, anemia and neutrophilic leukocytosis, and animal two presented with alopecia, pustules, crusting, diffusely-spread erythema, anemia, hyperproteinemia, thrombocytopenia and azotemia. Among the two asymptomatic dogs, one animal had anemia, hyperproteinemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and azotemia; the other animals laboratory findings revealed hyperproteinemia and leukocytosis with neutrophilia.[...](AU)

Antibody occurrence of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania sp. and Ehrlichia canis in dogs in Bahia State / Ocorrência de anticorpos Anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania spp. e Ehrlichia canis em cães do Estado da Bahia

Toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, and ehrlichiosis are zoonoses that have cosmopolitan distribution and cause important clinical changes in dogs and humans. Dogs are important in the epidemiology and transmission of Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis and serve as indicators of environmental contamination by the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. The aim of this study was to detect antibodies against T. gondii, Leishmania spp., and E. canis in dogs from Bahia and identify the risk factors associated with infections. Blood samples were collected from 353 dogs from several municipalities of Bahia and the sera were tested using reaction of indirect immunofluorescence (RIFI) for T. gondii and Leishmania spp. and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for E. canis. The data were tabulated and analyzed using EPI-INFO 7.1.5 program. Of 353 samples analyzed, 144 (40.8%) were positive for T. gondii (antibody titer 16-4,096) and 92 (26.1%) were seropositive for Leishmania spp. (antibody titer 40-160). The seropositivity for E. canis was the highest as compared to that of the other agents. Furthermore, 184 (52.1%) samples were positive for antibodies against E. canis. Sixteen (4.5%), 71 (20.1%), and 25 (7.1%) samples were co-infected with T. gondii and Leishmania spp., T. gondii and E. canis, and E. canis and Leishmania spp., respectively, while 20 (5.7%) dogs presented...(AU)

A toxoplasmose, a leishmaniose e a erliquiose são zoonoses que possuem distribuição cosmopolita e causam importantes alterações clínicas em cães e em seres humanos. Cães são importantes na epidemiologia e transmissão de Leishmania infantum e Ehrlichia canis, e podem ser indicadores de contaminação ambiental na transmissão de T. gondii. Objetivou-se com esse estudo detectar anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania spp. e Ehrlichia canis em cães do estado da Bahia, bem como identificar fatores de risco associados as infecções. Amostras de sangue de 353 cães foram coletadas em diversos municípios deste estado e os soros foram submetidos à reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) para T. gondii e Leishmania spp. e ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA) para E. canis. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados utilizando-se o programa EPIINFO 7.1.5. Para o agente etiológico T. gondii, das 353 amostras coletadas, 144 (40,8%) foram positivas, com títulos de anticorpos variando de 16 a 4096. Para Leishmania spp., 92 (26,1%) amostras mostraram soropositividade, com títulos de anticorpos variando de 40 a 160. A soropositividade para E. canis foi a maior em relação aos outros agentes. Dos animais amostrados, 184 (52,1%) tiveram anticorpos anti-E. canis, no ELISA. Das 353 amostras analisadas, verificou-se co-soropositividade em 16 (4,5%) animais para T. gondii e...(AU)