Fractal dimension in liver histological findings of Wistar rats experimentally intoxicated with venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus

Background: Accidents caused by venom of Crotalus durissus snakes, popularly known in Brazil as rattlesnake, aresecond in relation to the occurrence and first place in deaths in humans and animals, mainly due to the great neurotoxic,myotoxic, coagulant, nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic potential of their venom. The effects observed are due to the action ofthe main poison fractions and among them we can mention crotoxin (representing 50% of the total poison), crotamine,gyroxine and conxulxin. The present study aimed to analyze the liver of experimentally poisoned Wistar rats with venomof Crotalus durissus terrificus by means of histological and fractal analysis. The hypothesis is that the venom of Crotalusdurissus terrificus is can induce hepatic damage at the dose recommended in this study, that its alterations can be quantifiedby the fractal dimension and that the antiofidic serum botropic crotalic be able to minimize the hepatic lesions inducedby the venom.Materials, Methods & Results: Ninety rats were distributed into different groups and treated with: control group (GC, n= 30) 0.9% sodium chloride solution; venom group (GV, n = 30) crotalic venom at the dose of 1 mg/kg; (GVS, n = 30)crotalic venom at the dose of 1 mg/Kg and antiofidic serum 6 h after the application of the venom at the dose recommendedby the manufacturer. Liver samples were collected at 2 h (M1), 8 h (M2) and 24 h (M3) after venom administration andsubmitted to histological analysis and fractal dimension (DF) using the ImageJ® software and box-counting method. Procedures for collecting, processing and analyzing samples were standardized. For statistical analyzes, after the normalitywas verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test and homogeneity by the Bartlett test, the data were submitted to analysis of variance(ANOVA) with Duncan test contrast with a significance level of 5%. No significant lesions were observed in GC, howevernecrosis...(AU)

Fractal dimension in liver histological findings of Wistar rats experimentally intoxicated with venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus

Background: Accidents caused by venom of Crotalus durissus snakes, popularly known in Brazil as rattlesnake, aresecond in relation to the occurrence and first place in deaths in humans and animals, mainly due to the great neurotoxic,myotoxic, coagulant, nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic potential of their venom. The effects observed are due to the action ofthe main poison fractions and among them we can mention crotoxin (representing 50% of the total poison), crotamine,gyroxine and conxulxin. The present study aimed to analyze the liver of experimentally poisoned Wistar rats with venomof Crotalus durissus terrificus by means of histological and fractal analysis. The hypothesis is that the venom of Crotalusdurissus terrificus is can induce hepatic damage at the dose recommended in this study, that its alterations can be quantifiedby the fractal dimension and that the antiofidic serum botropic crotalic be able to minimize the hepatic lesions inducedby the venom.Materials, Methods & Results: Ninety rats were distributed into different groups and treated with: control group (GC, n= 30) 0.9% sodium chloride solution; venom group (GV, n = 30) crotalic venom at the dose of 1 mg/kg; (GVS, n = 30)crotalic venom at the dose of 1 mg/Kg and antiofidic serum 6 h after the application of the venom at the dose recommendedby the manufacturer. Liver samples were collected at 2 h (M1), 8 h (M2) and 24 h (M3) after venom administration andsubmitted to histological analysis and fractal dimension (DF) using the ImageJ® software and box-counting method. Procedures for collecting, processing and analyzing samples were standardized. For statistical analyzes, after the normalitywas verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test and homogeneity by the Bartlett test, the data were submitted to analysis of variance(ANOVA) with Duncan test contrast with a significance level of 5%. No significant lesions were observed in GC, howevernecrosis...

Avaliação clínica e da hepatotoxicidade do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus e do soro antiofídico em ratos Wistar / Clinical and hepatotoxicity of the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus and snakebite serum in Wistar rats

Este estudo avaliou os efeitos hepatotóxicos do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus e soro antiofídico em 120 ratos Wistar, através da realização de exames físico, laboratorial e histopatológico. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos experimentais, com trinta animais em cada grupo, sendo: grupo controle (C) - recebeu solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9%; grupo veneno (V) - recebeu veneno crotálico 1mg/Kg; grupo soro antiofídico (S) - recebeu soro antiofídico na dose indicada para neutralizar o veneno; grupo veneno e soro (VS) - recebeu veneno crotálico e após 6 horas o soro antiofídico. A avaliação clínica e a colheita de material para exames laboratorial e histopatológico do fígado foram realizadas nos momentos 2 horas (n=10), 8 horas (n=10) e 24 horas (n=10) para todos os grupos. Observou-se para o grupo S elevação sérica da enzima fosfatase alcalina (FA), infiltrado inflamatório, alterações nas células de Kupffer, necrose e degeneração de hialina; Grupo V diminuição da frequência cardíaca no decorrer do tempo, aumento na temperatura retal (TR), elevação da FA, elevação sérica da aspartato aminotransferase (AST), infiltrado inflamatório, alterações nas células de Kupffer, necrose e degeneração de hialina; Grupo VS aumento da TR e na frequência respiratória, elevação sérica da FA, elevação sérica da AST, elevação sérica da alanina aminotransferase (ALT), infiltrado inflamatório, alterações nas células de Kupffer, necrose e degeneração de hialina. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o veneno crotálico e o soro antiofídico, associados ou não, alteram os parâmetros clínicos e provocam danos hepáticos nas doses e momentos estudados. No entanto, são necessários novos estudos com o veneno crotálico e a soroterapia para que se possa entender o efeito do tempo nas alterações e a porcentagem de contribuição do soro isolado na hepatotoxicidade. Além disso, investigar a necessidade de tratamentos complementares para a proteção hepática

This study evaluated the effects of the venom from Crotalus durissus terrificus and snakebite serum on the clinical signs and liver function in 120 Wistar rats by performing physical examinations, laboratory and histopathology tests. The animals were divided into four experimental groups of thirty animals in each group. The control group (C) - received only solution of sodium chloride 0.9%; Group venom (V) - received 1mg/kg venom; Group snakebite serum (S) - received the indicated dose snakebite serum to neutralize the poison; Poison and serum group (VS) - received venom and the snakebite serum six hours later. The clinical evaluation and specimen obtained for laboratory and histological examinations were performed at time 2 hours, 8 hours and 24 hours in all groups. It was observed for the S Group elevation of serum enzyme alkaline phosphatase (FA), inflammatory reaction, changes in Kupffer cells, necrosis and hyaline degeneration; Group V heart rate decrease over time, increase in rectal temperature (TR), increased FA, increase of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), inflammatory infiltrate, changes in Kupffer cells, necrosis and hyaline degeneration; Group VS increased TR and also respiratory rate, elevated serum FA, AST and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), inflammatory reaction, changes in Kupffer cells, necrosis and hyaline degeneration. The results indicate that the venom and snakebite serum alter the clinical parameters and cause liver damage at the doses and times studied. However, further studies with the venom and antivenom to be able to understand the effect of time and changes in the percentage contribution of hepatotoxicity in serum isolated. In addition, to investigate the need for additional treatments to protect the liver