Characterization of the Development of Foals in Natural Mating and Embryo Transfer

Background: Several reproductive biotechnologies are used in horses and embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most frequent in countries like Brazil and the USA. It has been shown that animals originated by new reproductive technology can have compromised growth in extreme conditions, however there are still only a few researches on the influence of embryo transfer over lactating foals under different raising methods. Due to the lack of studies on ET products development and the need to understand the process and its relate with lactating foals growth, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the embryo transfer and natural mate over the newborn foals.Materials, Methods & Results: From a group of 20 mares, 20 Quarter Horse lactating foals were used (10 natural matting + 10 embryo transfer). The mares werent given any concentrate feed during whole gestation and lactation. Foals were kept with the mare, however was used creep feeding to give commercial feed ad libitum. The foals biometric evaluation were made at the day of birth (day 0) and at 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th day (weaning) for the following parameters: body mass (BM), height at the withers (H), heart girth (HG), cannon bone girth (CBG) and fat mass percentage (FMP). The fat thickness percentage at rump it was determined by ultrasound device. All statistics were considered significant when a P &

Metabolic profile of lactating goats fed integral mango meal

SUMMARY The work was conducted to evaluate the metabolic profile of lactating goats fed diets containing integral mango meal as a replacement for corn. Four levels of replacement (0, 33, 66 and 100%) were evaluated in diets with forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40. Eight crossbred multiparous lactating Saanen goats (48.72 ± 1.99 kg of BW) were introduced in the experiment 48 days postpartum and maintained up to 124 days of lactation. It was used a double Latin Square (4x4) experimental design, with four treatments, four periods and four animals per square. There was no effects (P>0.05) for the integral mango meal level on the intake of DM (1890 g/day), CP (278 g/day) and NDF (959 g/day). However, the intake of NFC and TDN decreased (P 0.05) 27.9 g/day and 0.082 kg/day, respectively, as the dietary integral mango meal increased. The concentrations of urea, creatinine, gamma glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, total protein, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and magnesium were not altered (P>0.05) by replacement levels, with average values of 54.52 mg/dl, 0.71 mg/dl, 52.59 UI, 77.37 UI, 4.69 g/dl, 9.32 g/dl, 74.44 mg/dl, 40.10 mg/dl, 39.39 mg/dl, and 11.09 mg/dl, respectively. Considering the metabolic profile, mango meal whole can totally replace corn in diets of dairy goats.

RESUMO O estudo foi realizado para avaliar o perfil metabólico de cabras lactantes alimentadas com dietas contendo farelo de manga integral em substituição ao milho. Foram avaliados quatro níveis de substituição (0; 33; 66 e 100%) em dietas com relação volumoso:concentrado de 60:40. Oito cabras mestiças Saanen, multíparas e lactantes (48.72 ± 1.99 kg de peso corporal) foram introduzidas no experimento aos 48 dias pós-parto e mantidas até 124 dias de lactação. Utilizou-se como delineamento experimental dois Quadrados latinos 4x4, com quatro tratamentos, quatro períodos e quatros animais por quadrado. Não houve efeito (P>0,05) dos níveis de farelo de manga integral sobre os consumos de matéria seca (1890 g/dia), PB (278 g/dia) e FDN (959 g/dia). Contudo, os consumos de carboidratos não fibrosos e nutrientes digestíveis totais reduziram (P 0,05) 27,9 g/dia e 0,082 kg/dia respectivamente, à medida que aumentava o teor farelo de manga integral nas dietas. As concentrações de ureia, creatinina, gama glutamil transferase, aspartato aminotransferase, albumina, proteínas totais, glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol total e magnésio não foram alteradas pelos níveis de substituição, com valores médios de 54,52 mg/dl, 0,71 mg/dl, 52,59 UI, 77,37 UI, 4,69 g/dl, 9,32 g/dl, 74,44 mg/dl, 40,10 mg/dl, 39,39 mg/dl e 11,09 mg/dl, respectivamente. Considerando o perfil metabólico, o farelo de manga pode substituir totalmente o milho em dietas de cabras lactantes.

Metabolic profile of lactating goats fed integral mango meal

SUMMARY The work was conducted to evaluate the metabolic profile of lactating goats fed diets containing integral mango meal as a replacement for corn. Four levels of replacement (0, 33, 66 and 100%) were evaluated in diets with forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40. Eight crossbred multiparous lactating Saanen goats (48.72 ± 1.99 kg of BW) were introduced in the experiment 48 days postpartum and maintained up to 124 days of lactation. It was used a double Latin Square (4x4) experimental design, with four treatments, four periods and four animals per square. There was no effects (P>0.05) for the integral mango meal level on the intake of DM (1890 g/day), CP (278 g/day) and NDF (959 g/day). However, the intake of NFC and TDN decreased (P 0.05) 27.9 g/day and 0.082 kg/day, respectively, as the dietary integral mango meal increased. The concentrations of urea, creatinine, gamma glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, total protein, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and magnesium were not altered (P>0.05) by replacement levels, with average values of 54.52 mg/dl, 0.71 mg/dl, 52.59 UI, 77.37 UI, 4.69 g/dl, 9.32 g/dl, 74.44 mg/dl, 40.10 mg/dl, 39.39 mg/dl, and 11.09 mg/dl, respectively. Considering the metabolic profile, mango meal whole can totally replace corn in diets of dairy goats.

RESUMO O estudo foi realizado para avaliar o perfil metabólico de cabras lactantes alimentadas com dietas contendo farelo de manga integral em substituição ao milho. Foram avaliados quatro níveis de substituição (0; 33; 66 e 100%) em dietas com relação volumoso:concentrado de 60:40. Oito cabras mestiças Saanen, multíparas e lactantes (48.72 ± 1.99 kg de peso corporal) foram introduzidas no experimento aos 48 dias pós-parto e mantidas até 124 dias de lactação. Utilizou-se como delineamento experimental dois Quadrados latinos 4x4, com quatro tratamentos, quatro períodos e quatros animais por quadrado. Não houve efeito (P>0,05) dos níveis de farelo de manga integral sobre os consumos de matéria seca (1890 g/dia), PB (278 g/dia) e FDN (959 g/dia). Contudo, os consumos de carboidratos não fibrosos e nutrientes digestíveis totais reduziram (P 0,05) 27,9 g/dia e 0,082 kg/dia respectivamente, à medida que aumentava o teor farelo de manga integral nas dietas. As concentrações de ureia, creatinina, gama glutamil transferase, aspartato aminotransferase, albumina, proteínas totais, glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol total e magnésio não foram alteradas pelos níveis de substituição, com valores médios de 54,52 mg/dl, 0,71 mg/dl, 52,59 UI, 77,37 UI, 4,69 g/dl, 9,32 g/dl, 74,44 mg/dl, 40,10 mg/dl, 39,39 mg/dl e 11,09 mg/dl, respectivamente. Considerando o perfil metabólico, o farelo de manga pode substituir totalmente o milho em dietas de cabras lactantes.

Glutamina e glutamato no colostro de éguas mantidas a pasto

A Glutamina é o aminoácido livre mais abundante e é considerada um aminoácido condi­cionalmente essencial. Além de ser signicativa fonte energética para os enterócitos e as células do sistema imune, a glutamina (GLN) é precursora de nucleotídeos, moléculas importantes no desenvolvimento e reparo de células imunes e intestinais. A lactação induz a um desao no me­tabolismo protéico, onde altos níveis de proteína são conduzidos à glândula mamária, mas ain­da é pouco conhecido o metabolismo da GLN e do Glutamato (GLU) no tecido mamário e a sua concentração no colostro e leite dos equídeos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a concentração da Glutamina [GLN] e Glutamato [GLU] no colostro de éguas.

Biomarcadores sanguíneos de minerais e lipídeos em potros neonatos em regime de pasto

Na nutrição equina, talvez o conhecimento da nutrição e metabolismo dos minerais seja o tópico menos estudado e entendido, ao mesmo tempo, de importância reconhecida para permitir aos potros um crescimento e desenvolvimento equilibrados. Observa-se que o excesso ou escassez destes nutrientes causam prejuízos no desempenho e até no bem estar dos equinos. Objetivou-se com este estudo, conhecer os níveis sanguíneos de Cálcio, Fósforo, Magnésio e Ferro e ainda Colesterol Total e Triglicerídeos em potros neonatos.

Characterization of the Development of Foals in Natural Mating and Embryo Transfer

Background: Several reproductive biotechnologies are used in horses and embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most frequent in countries like Brazil and the USA. It has been shown that animals originated by new reproductive technology can have compromised growth in extreme conditions, however there are still only a few researches on the influence of embryo transfer over lactating foals under different raising methods. Due to the lack of studies on ET products development and the need to understand the process and its relate with lactating foals growth, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the embryo transfer and natural mate over the newborn foals.Materials, Methods & Results: From a group of 20 mares, 20 Quarter Horse lactating foals were used (10 natural matting + 10 embryo transfer). The mares werent given any concentrate feed during whole gestation and lactation. Foals were kept with the mare, however was used creep feeding to give commercial feed ad libitum. The foals biometric evaluation were made at the day of birth (day 0) and at 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th day (weaning) for the following parameters: body mass (BM), height at the withers (H), heart girth (HG), cannon bone girth (CBG) and fat mass percentage (FMP). The fat thickness percentage at rump it was determined by ultrasound device. All statistics were considered significant when a P &

Characterization of the Development of Foals in Natural Mating and Embryo Transfer

Background: Several reproductive biotechnologies are used in horses and embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most frequent in countries like Brazil and the USA. It has been shown that animals originated by new reproductive technology can have compromised growth in extreme conditions, however there are still only a few researches on the influence of embryo transfer over lactating foals under different raising methods. Due to the lack of studies on ET products development and the need to understand the process and its relate with lactating foals growth, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the embryo transfer and natural mate over the newborn foals.Materials, Methods & Results: From a group of 20 mares, 20 Quarter Horse lactating foals were used (10 natural matting + 10 embryo transfer). The mares werent given any concentrate feed during whole gestation and lactation. Foals were kept with the mare, however was used creep feeding to give commercial feed ad libitum. The foals biometric evaluation were made at the day of birth (day 0) and at 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th day (weaning) for the following parameters: body mass (BM), height at the withers (H), heart girth (HG), cannon bone girth (CBG) and fat mass percentage (FMP). The fat thickness percentage at rump it was determined by ultrasound device. All statistics were considered significant when a P &

Characterization of the Development of Foals in Natural Mating and Embryo Transfer

Background: Several reproductive biotechnologies are used in horses and embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most frequent in countries like Brazil and the USA. It has been shown that animals originated by new reproductive technology can have compromised growth in extreme conditions, however there are still only a few researches on the influence of embryo transfer over lactating foals under different raising methods. Due to the lack of studies on ET products development and the need to understand the process and its relate with lactating foals growth, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the embryo transfer and natural mate over the newborn foals.Materials, Methods & Results: From a group of 20 mares, 20 Quarter Horse lactating foals were used (10 natural matting + 10 embryo transfer). The mares werent given any concentrate feed during whole gestation and lactation. Foals were kept with the mare, however was used creep feeding to give commercial feed ad libitum. The foals biometric evaluation were made at the day of birth (day 0) and at 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th day (weaning) for the following parameters: body mass (BM), height at the withers (H), heart girth (HG), cannon bone girth (CBG) and fat mass percentage (FMP). The fat thickness percentage at rump it was determined by ultrasound device. All statistics were considered significant when a P &

Characterization of the Development of Foals in Natural Mating and Embryo Transfer

Background: Several reproductive biotechnologies are used in horses and embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most frequent in countries like Brazil and the USA. It has been shown that animals originated by new reproductive technology can have compromised growth in extreme conditions, however there are still only a few researches on the influence of embryo transfer over lactating foals under different raising methods. Due to the lack of studies on ET products development and the need to understand the process and its relate with lactating foals growth, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the embryo transfer and natural mate over the newborn foals.Materials, Methods & Results: From a group of 20 mares, 20 Quarter Horse lactating foals were used (10 natural matting + 10 embryo transfer). The mares werent given any concentrate feed during whole gestation and lactation. Foals were kept with the mare, however was used creep feeding to give commercial feed ad libitum. The foals biometric evaluation were made at the day of birth (day 0) and at 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th day (weaning) for the following parameters: body mass (BM), height at the withers (H), heart girth (HG), cannon bone girth (CBG) and fat mass percentage (FMP). The fat thickness percentage at rump it was determined by ultrasound device. All statistics were considered significant when a P &

Characterization of the Development of Foals in Natural Mating and Embryo Transfer

Background: Several reproductive biotechnologies are used in horses and embryo transfer (ET) is one of the most frequent in countries like Brazil and the USA. It has been shown that animals originated by new reproductive technology can have compromised growth in extreme conditions, however there are still only a few researches on the influence of embryo transfer over lactating foals under different raising methods. Due to the lack of studies on ET products development and the need to understand the process and its relate with lactating foals growth, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the embryo transfer and natural mate over the newborn foals.Materials, Methods & Results: From a group of 20 mares, 20 Quarter Horse lactating foals were used (10 natural matting + 10 embryo transfer). The mares werent given any concentrate feed during whole gestation and lactation. Foals were kept with the mare, however was used creep feeding to give commercial feed ad libitum. The foals biometric evaluation were made at the day of birth (day 0) and at 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 150th day (weaning) for the following parameters: body mass (BM), height at the withers (H), heart girth (HG), cannon bone girth (CBG) and fat mass percentage (FMP). The fat thickness percentage at rump it was determined by ultrasound device. All statistics were considered significant when a P &

Canine brucellosis: review / Brucelose canina: revisão de literatura

Modern society is giving increasing importance to pets, so that great attention should be paid to the health of these animals. Among the diseases that can cause reproductive problems in males and females, there is the canine brucellosis, a zoonosis that causes great losses to dog breeders. The most signif­icant injuries are abortion in females, orchitis and epididymitis in males and infertility in both sexes. Serological tests are the most often used methods in the diagnosis. These tests can result in false positives and false negatives in chronic cases so it is neces­sary to accomplish bacterial isolation as a definitive diagnosis. Treatment consists of antibiotics, which did not get very satisfactory results due to the intracellular persistence of the agent. Man presents a certain resistance to the bacteria, how­ever many cases have been reported in humans, and healthcare professionals should be alert regarding this zoonotic disease. Therefore, it is important to have a greater knowledge of the dis­ease, enabling Veterinarians diagnose and establish a plan of appropriate control and preventive measures.

A crescente importância conferida pela sociedade aos animais de compa­nhia faz com que grande atenção seja dispensada à sanidade desses animais. Dentre as doenças que podem causar problemas reprodutivos em machos e fêmeas, destaca-se a brucelose canina, zoonose que acarreta grandes pre­juízos aos criadores de cães. Os sintomas mais significativos são o aborta­mento nas fêmeas, orquites e epididimites nos machos e infertilidades em ambos os sexos. Os testes sorológicos são os métodos diagnósticos mais frequentemente utilizados no diagnóstico. Estes testes podem resultar em resultados falso positivos e em casos crônicos em falso negativos havendo a necessidade do isolamento bacteriano para firmar diagnóstico definitivo da doença. O tratamento consiste de antibioticoterapia, a qual não obtém resultado muito satisfatório devido à persistência intracelular do agente. O homem apresenta certa resistência ao agente, no entanto muitos casos já foram relatados em humanos, ficando o alerta para os profissionais de saúde quanto ao caráter zoonótico desta doença. Portanto, é importante ter um maior conhecimento sobre a doença, possibilitando aos Clínicos Veterinários a diagnosticar e instituir um plano de controle e profilaxia adequados.

Biomarcadores sanguíneos de minerais e lipídeos em potros neonatos em regime de pasto

Na nutrição equina, talvez o conhecimento da nutrição e metabolismo dos minerais seja o tópico menos estudado e entendido, ao mesmo tempo, de importância reconhecida para permitir aos potros um crescimento e desenvolvimento equilibrados. Observa-se que o excesso ou escassez destes nutrientes causam prejuízos no desempenho e até no bem estar dos equinos. Objetivou-se com este estudo, conhecer os níveis sanguíneos de Cálcio, Fósforo, Magnésio e Ferro e ainda Colesterol Total e Triglicerídeos em potros neonatos.

Glutamina e glutamato no colostro de éguas mantidas a pasto

A Glutamina é o aminoácido livre mais abundante e é considerada um aminoácido condi­cionalmente essencial. Além de ser signicativa fonte energética para os enterócitos e as células do sistema imune, a glutamina (GLN) é precursora de nucleotídeos, moléculas importantes no desenvolvimento e reparo de células imunes e intestinais. A lactação induz a um desao no me­tabolismo protéico, onde altos níveis de proteína são conduzidos à glândula mamária, mas ain­da é pouco conhecido o metabolismo da GLN e do Glutamato (GLU) no tecido mamário e a sua concentração no colostro e leite dos equídeos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a concentração da Glutamina [GLN] e Glutamato [GLU] no colostro de éguas.