Sincronização da ovulação para inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF), durante estação reprodutiva favorável em fêmeas bubalinas na baixada maranhense / Synchronization of ovulation for artificial insemination at fixed time (IATF), during a favorable reproductive season in buffaloes females in the Maranhão state

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ovulation synchronization protocols forartificial insemination at fixed time (IATF) during a favorable reproductive season in buffalo females in Baixadamaranhense. The experiment was carried out in July with 100 buffaloes of the Murrah breed. Two protocols forovulation synchronization were applied: "GnRH / hCG" and "GnRH / BE". Ultrasonographic evaluations wereperformed to monitor follicular dynamics and ovulation rate and the IATF to evaluate the conception rate. Allthe females responded to the treatments and there was similar follicular growth from the emergency to thefollicular deviation. There was an effect of the ovulation inducer on the diameter of the dominant and ovulatoryfollicle (P <0.05). The ovulation rate was higher in animals subjected to ovulation induction with hCG. Theaverage design rate was 29%. It was concluded that hCG was more efficient in the induction of synchronizedovulation than BE.(AU)

Uso de hCG e deslorelina na indução de ovulação de éguas cíclicas no Agreste de Pernambuco / Use of hCG and deslorelin in mares ovulation induction in Agreste of Pernambuco

The experiment aimed to compare the efficiency of deslorelin and hCG to induce ovulation Quarter Horsemares. This experiment was conducted at the Center for Equine Pernambuco - CEPE, in the town of Gravatá-PE, in February 2013. The animals were divided in Group 1 (n=10) received, intramuscular, Deslorelin 1000mg while Group 2 (n = 10) received, Intravenous, 5000 IU of hCG. 24 hours after administration of theovulation inducing were inseminated with semen from a stallion. After 15 days of AI, the pregnancy diagnosiswas made. The data from this study were analyzed using the statistical package SAS, (P < 0.05). The fertilityrate found was 80.0% in group 1 and 70% in group 2 (P > 0.05). The drugs tested successfully induce ovulation.(AU)

Uso de hCG e deslorelina na indução de ovulação de éguas cíclicas no Agreste de Pernambuco / Use of hCG and deslorelin in mares ovulation induction in Agreste of Pernambuco

The experiment aimed to compare the efficiency of deslorelin and hCG to induce ovulation Quarter Horsemares. This experiment was conducted at the Center for Equine Pernambuco - CEPE, in the town of Gravatá-PE, in February 2013. The animals were divided in Group 1 (n=10) received, intramuscular, Deslorelin 1000mg while Group 2 (n = 10) received, Intravenous, 5000 IU of hCG. 24 hours after administration of theovulation inducing were inseminated with semen from a stallion. After 15 days of AI, the pregnancy diagnosiswas made. The data from this study were analyzed using the statistical package SAS, (P 0.05). The drugs tested successfully induce ovulation.

Sincronização da ovulação para inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF), durante estação reprodutiva favorável em fêmeas bubalinas na baixada maranhense / Synchronization of ovulation for artificial insemination at fixed time (IATF), during a favorable reproductive season in buffaloes females in the Maranhão state

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ovulation synchronization protocols forartificial insemination at fixed time (IATF) during a favorable reproductive season in buffalo females in Baixadamaranhense. The experiment was carried out in July with 100 buffaloes of the Murrah breed. Two protocols forovulation synchronization were applied: "GnRH / hCG" and "GnRH / BE". Ultrasonographic evaluations wereperformed to monitor follicular dynamics and ovulation rate and the IATF to evaluate the conception rate. Allthe females responded to the treatments and there was similar follicular growth from the emergency to thefollicular deviation. There was an effect of the ovulation inducer on the diameter of the dominant and ovulatoryfollicle (P <0.05). The ovulation rate was higher in animals subjected to ovulation induction with hCG. Theaverage design rate was 29%. It was concluded that hCG was more efficient in the induction of synchronizedovulation than BE.

Distribuição de partos e indicadores reprodutivos em fêmeas bubalinas no Município de São Mateus MA / Distribution of calves and reproductive indicators in buffalo females in São Mateus MA

The reproductive seasonality is a major reproductive characteristics reproductive in buffaloes, oftenrelated to low reproductive rates. This study aimed to establish the occurrence and the concentration period ofbirths in buffaloes heifers and cows and evaluate the calving interval (CI) and the period of service (PS) inprimiparous and pluriparous buffaloes. The study was conducted on a property in São Mateus - MA, at 4° 2' 26"south latitude and 44° 28' 6" W, in the 2012 and 2013 period. Data were collected from 1279 buffalo cows and242 buffalo heifers. The evaluated reproductive parameters was performed descriptive statistics and analysis ofvariance (ANOVA). The comparison of means was performed using the t test, with 5% significance level. Theparturition of heifers and cows were concentrated in the first half and reproductive rates were acceptable.(AU)

Eficiência da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) associada à detecção de estro por marcação da cauda e presença de muco vaginal no dia da inseminação em vacas Nelore / Efficiency of artificial inseminatio n in fixed time (FTAI) associated with estrus detection by marking the tail and the presence ofvaginal mucus on the day of insemination in Nelore cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of artificial insemination in fixed timeassociated with estrus detection in Nellore cows. They used 917 females, all submitted to estrus synchronizationprotocol and formed two groups: G1 (n = 489), marked on the back with fluorescent dye and then checked if thecroup was blurred or not, and had vaginal mucus or not and G2 (n = 428) were formed by females inseminatedonly synchronized. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasound 30 days after insemination. In G1 and G2,pregnancy rates were, respectively, 46.01% and 41.12%. In G1, blurred females (52.19%), not blurred(21.78%), presence of mucus (62.57%) and no mucus (35.97%). Pregnancy rates did not differ between thegroups G1 and G2. In G1, blurred females or mucus had higher rates. It is concluded that the detection ofestrus, insemination favored the pregnancy rate.(AU)

Eficiência da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) associada à determinação do diâmetro folicular e concetração de progesterona no dia da inseminação em vacas Nelore / Efficiency of artificial insemination in fixed time (FTAI) associated with determination of follicular diameter and progesterone concentration on the day of insemination in Nellore cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of IATF with FD on the reproductiveefficiency of Nellore cows. It was used 917 females submitted to estrus synchronization protocol, with P4 deviceplaced and applied 2mL BE in D0; In D9 removed the device, applied 2.5mL of PG, 0.3mL of CE and 300uI ofeCG. The inseminations made on D11, 48-54 hours after withdrawal from the device. Blood collections weremade on D0 and D11. G1 (n = 489) were formed, with synchronized females and, prior to insemination,measured FD, classified as large, medium or small; The G2 (n = 428), by females only synchronized andinseminated. Gestation rates in G1 and G2 were 46.01% and 41.12%, and did not differ between groups. In theG1, females with large and medium follicles rates did not differ, since females with small follicles had lowerrates. P4 in the D0 indicated 47.19% of females in the follicular phase and 46.67% in the progesterone phase;In D11, the means of P4, considered low, medium or high, had rates of 82.14, 57.14 and 8.57%, respectively. Itis concluded that females with small follicles or with P4 raised to insemination have low pregnancy rates.(AU)

Eficiência da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) associada à detecção de estro por marcação da cauda e presença de muco vaginal no dia da inseminação em vacas Nelore / Efficiency of artificial inseminatio n in fixed time (FTAI) associated with estrus detection by marking the tail and the presence ofvaginal mucus on the day of insemination in Nelore cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of artificial insemination in fixed timeassociated with estrus detection in Nellore cows. They used 917 females, all submitted to estrus synchronizationprotocol and formed two groups: G1 (n = 489), marked on the back with fluorescent dye and then checked if thecroup was blurred or not, and had vaginal mucus or not and G2 (n = 428) were formed by females inseminatedonly synchronized. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasound 30 days after insemination. In G1 and G2,pregnancy rates were, respectively, 46.01% and 41.12%. In G1, blurred females (52.19%), not blurred(21.78%), presence of mucus (62.57%) and no mucus (35.97%). Pregnancy rates did not differ between thegroups G1 and G2. In G1, blurred females or mucus had higher rates. It is concluded that the detection ofestrus, insemination favored the pregnancy rate.

Eficiência da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) associada à determinação do diâmetro folicular e concetração de progesterona no dia da inseminação em vacas Nelore / Efficiency of artificial insemination in fixed time (FTAI) associated with determination of follicular diameter and progesterone concentration on the day of insemination in Nellore cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of IATF with FD on the reproductiveefficiency of Nellore cows. It was used 917 females submitted to estrus synchronization protocol, with P4 deviceplaced and applied 2mL BE in D0; In D9 removed the device, applied 2.5mL of PG, 0.3mL of CE and 300uI ofeCG. The inseminations made on D11, 48-54 hours after withdrawal from the device. Blood collections weremade on D0 and D11. G1 (n = 489) were formed, with synchronized females and, prior to insemination,measured FD, classified as large, medium or small; The G2 (n = 428), by females only synchronized andinseminated. Gestation rates in G1 and G2 were 46.01% and 41.12%, and did not differ between groups. In theG1, females with large and medium follicles rates did not differ, since females with small follicles had lowerrates. P4 in the D0 indicated 47.19% of females in the follicular phase and 46.67% in the progesterone phase;In D11, the means of P4, considered low, medium or high, had rates of 82.14, 57.14 and 8.57%, respectively. Itis concluded that females with small follicles or with P4 raised to insemination have low pregnancy rates.

Distribuição de partos e indicadores reprodutivos em fêmeas bubalinas no Município de São Mateus – MA / Distribution of calves and reproductive indicators in buffalo females in São Mateus – MA

The reproductive seasonality is a major reproductive characteristics reproductive in buffaloes, oftenrelated to low reproductive rates. This study aimed to establish the occurrence and the concentration period ofbirths in buffaloes heifers and cows and evaluate the calving interval (CI) and the period of service (PS) inprimiparous and pluriparous buffaloes. The study was conducted on a property in São Mateus - MA, at 4° 2' 26"south latitude and 44° 28' 6" W, in the 2012 and 2013 period. Data were collected from 1279 buffalo cows and242 buffalo heifers. The evaluated reproductive parameters was performed descriptive statistics and analysis ofvariance (ANOVA). The comparison of means was performed using the t test, with 5% significance level. Theparturition of heifers and cows were concentrated in the first half and reproductive rates were acceptable.

Efeitos da progesterona e da prostaglandina em vacas nelore (Bos indicus) submetidas a IATF

O presente estudo foi dividido em três experimentos: 1 (efeito da progesterona na taxa de concepção), 2 (efeito da luteólise precoce na dinâmica folicular) e 3 (efeito da luteólise precoce na taxa de concepção). No experimento 1 utilizou-se 1006 vacas da raça Nelore (Bos indicus) subdivididas em quatro tratamentos de acordo com a categoria (lactantes vs. não lactantes cíclicas) e com o número de usos do dispositivo (novo vs. previamente utilizado 8 dias), em arranjo fatorial 2x2. Na ocasião da inserção (D0) do dispositivo de P4, todos os animas receberam 2mg de benzoato de estradiol. No dia oito (D8) todas as as fêmeas foram tratados com 25mg de PGF2?, 1mg de cipionato de estradiol e 300UI de eCG. As taxas de concepção foram 155/300 (51,7%)a para lactantes/novo, 200/384 (52,1%)a para lactante/usado, 52/154 (33,8%)b para não lactante/novo e 96/207 (46,2%)a para não lactante/usado (P=0,0007). No experimento 2 (n=44) avaliou-se o efeito da antecipação da PGF2?/luteólise no protocolo de IATF sobre a dinâmica folicular de vacas Nelore cíclicas não lactantes. Com base no momento da administração de PGF2? formou-se 3 tratamentos (D0/8, D6 e D8). Assim, no tratamento D0/8, as vacas foram tratadas com 25mg de PGF2? na inserção e na remoção do dispositivo intravaginal de P4, no tratamento D6, a PGF2? foi administrada 48h antes da remoção do dispositivo, enquanto que no D8, a PGF2? foi administrada na remoção do dispositivo. Na ocasião da remoção dos dispositivos (D8) todas as vacas foram tratadas com 300UI de eCG e 1mg de ciprionato de estradiol. Da inserção à remoção do dispositivo a dinâmica folicular foi monitorada por ultra-sonografia a cada 24h. Do D9 até 96h após a remoção do dispositivo em intervalos de 12h. As amostras sangüíneas foram coletadas no D0, D3, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10 e D22 para avaliar as concentrações plasmáticas de P4 em cada tratamento hormonal. Houve superioridade significativa do tratamento D0/8 quando comparado ao D6 e D8 em relação à taxa de crescimento do FD da inserção a remoção do dispositivo (1,1±0,1a vs. 0,9±0,1b vs. 0,8±0,1b mm/dia, respectivamente), diâmetro do FS (4,9±0,3a vs. 4,0±0,2b vs. 4,1±0,2bmm), diâmetro do FD (6,6±0,2a vs. 5,7±0,1b vs. 5,9±0,2bmm). O diâmetro máximo do FD e da taxa de ovulação (TOV) foram menores no tratamento D8 (8,1±0,7mm e 35,5±13,3%) quando comparado aos tratamentos D0/8 e D6 que não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si (9,9±0,3 vs. 9,7±0,4mm e 93,3±6,7 vs. 80,0±10,7%, respectivamente). A antecipação da luteólise permitiu o maior desenvolvimento folicular devido à menor concentração de P4 circulante durante o protocolo. No experimento 3 (n=342), adotou-se a mesma metodologia usada no experimento 2. Foi realizada US em 20% das fêmeas, as quais apresentaram taxa de ciclicidade de 99% (99/100), tendo sido considerada uma amostra de fêmea cíclica. Não houve diferença significativa entre as taxas de concepção de vacas submetidas aos tratamentos D0/8, D6 ou D8 (59,3% vs. 63,4% vs. 60,6%, respectivamente; P>0,05). Assim, conclui-se que a diminuição dos níveis sanguíneos de progesterona exógena/endógena durante o protocolo de sincronização potencializa o crescimento folicular e a ovulação, podendo ser uma alternativa para otimizar a concepção em programas de IATF

Efeitos da progesterona e da prostaglandina em vacas nelore (Bos indicus) submetidas a IATF

O presente estudo foi dividido em três experimentos: 1 (efeito da progesterona na taxa de concepção), 2 (efeito da luteólise precoce na dinâmica folicular) e 3 (efeito da luteólise precoce na taxa de concepção). No experimento 1 utilizou-se 1006 vacas da raça Nelore (Bos indicus) subdivididas em quatro tratamentos de acordo com a categoria (lactantes vs. não lactantes cíclicas) e com o número de usos do dispositivo (novo vs. previamente utilizado 8 dias), em arranjo fatorial 2x2. Na ocasião da inserção (D0) do dispositivo de P4, todos os animas receberam 2mg de benzoato de estradiol. No dia oito (D8) todas as as fêmeas foram tratados com 25mg de PGF2?, 1mg de cipionato de estradiol e 300UI de eCG. As taxas de concepção foram 155/300 (51,7%)a para lactantes/novo, 200/384 (52,1%)a para lactante/usado, 52/154 (33,8%)b para não lactante/novo e 96/207 (46,2%)a para não lactante/usado (P=0,0007). No experimento 2 (n=44) avaliou-se o efeito da antecipação da PGF2?/luteólise no protocolo de IATF sobre a dinâmica folicular de vacas Nelore cíclicas não lactantes. Com base no momento da administração de PGF2? formou-se 3 tratamentos (D0/8, D6 e D8). Assim, no tratamento D0/8, as vacas foram tratadas com 25mg de PGF2? na inserção e na remoção do dispositivo intravaginal de P4, no tratamento D6, a PGF2? foi administrada 48h antes da remoção do dispositivo, enquanto que no D8, a PGF2? foi administrada na remoção do dispositivo. Na ocasião da remoção dos dispositivos (D8) todas as vacas foram tratadas com 300UI de eCG e 1mg de ciprionato de estradiol. Da inserção à remoção do dispositivo a dinâmica folicular foi monitorada por ultra-sonografia a cada 24h. Do D9 até 96h após a remoção do dispositivo em intervalos de 12h. As amostras sangüíneas foram coletadas no D0, D3, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10 e D22 para avaliar as concentrações plasmáticas de P4 em cada tratamento hormonal. Houve superioridade significativa do tratamento D0/8 quando comparado ao D6 e D8 em relação à taxa de crescimento do FD da inserção a remoção do dispositivo (1,1±0,1a vs. 0,9±0,1b vs. 0,8±0,1b mm/dia, respectivamente), diâmetro do FS (4,9±0,3a vs. 4,0±0,2b vs. 4,1±0,2bmm), diâmetro do FD (6,6±0,2a vs. 5,7±0,1b vs. 5,9±0,2bmm). O diâmetro máximo do FD e da taxa de ovulação (TOV) foram menores no tratamento D8 (8,1±0,7mm e 35,5±13,3%) quando comparado aos tratamentos D0/8 e D6 que não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si (9,9±0,3 vs. 9,7±0,4mm e 93,3±6,7 vs. 80,0±10,7%, respectivamente). A antecipação da luteólise permitiu o maior desenvolvimento folicular devido à menor concentração de P4 circulante durante o protocolo. No experimento 3 (n=342), adotou-se a mesma metodologia usada no experimento 2. Foi realizada US em 20% das fêmeas, as quais apresentaram taxa de ciclicidade de 99% (99/100), tendo sido considerada uma amostra de fêmea cíclica. Não houve diferença significativa entre as taxas de concepção de vacas submetidas aos tratamentos D0/8, D6 ou D8 (59,3% vs. 63,4% vs. 60,6%, respectivamente; P>0,05). Assim, conclui-se que a diminuição dos níveis sanguíneos de progesterona exógena/endógena durante o protocolo de sincronização potencializa o crescimento folicular e a ovulação, podendo ser uma alternativa para otimizar a concepção em programas de IATF(AU)