Bloqueio de plexo braquial guiado por neuroestimulador para amputação em bezerro / Nerve stimulator-guided brachial plexus block performed in the amputation of a calf’s forelimb

Background: Locoregional anesthesia techniques enable the performance of procedures in the distal portion of the limbs,through the parenteral administration of local anesthetic nerve block. There are devices that can increase the effectivenessof these blocks by accurately locating the nerves. These devices include peripheral nerve stimulators, which enable anesthetic to be injected near the plexus, thus reducing the volume of anesthetic required and allowing for the specific blockadeof a nerve branch by desensitizing exclusively the area of interest. This paper describes the use of nerve stimulator in thebrachial plexus block (BPB) of a calf subjected to amputation of the left foreleg.Case: A newborn calf weighing 30 kg, with a history of injury to the left foreleg, was treated at the Veterinary Hospital ofthe Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region. Clinical and X-ray examinations revealed a fracture in the medialportion of the metacarpus and radiographic alterations indicative of osteomyelitis, so amputation of the affected limb wasrecommended. Prior the beginning, during and after the surgical procedure, the animal was submitted to the evaluation ofits physiological parameters (heart and respiratory rate, capillary refill time, diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure andrectal temperature). Because it is a newborn animal, it was decided not to pre-operatively fast. After applying preanestheticmedication (xylazine 0.01 mg/kg IV), anesthesia was induced with ketamine (2 mg/kg IV) and midazolam (0.3 mg/kg IV)and maintained with isoflurane. For the brachial plexus block, 0.4 mL/kg (1.5 mg/kg) of 0.375% bupivacaine was usedand aided by a peripheral nerve stimulator to generate 10 mA current, 1 HZ frequency and 100 μs pulse duration, coupledto a nerve stimulation needle, it was possible to observe flexion movements...

Bloqueio de plexo braquial guiado por neuroestimulador para amputação em bezerro / Nerve stimulator-guided brachial plexus block performed in the amputation of a calfs forelimb

Background: Locoregional anesthesia techniques enable the performance of procedures in the distal portion of the limbs,through the parenteral administration of local anesthetic nerve block. There are devices that can increase the effectivenessof these blocks by accurately locating the nerves. These devices include peripheral nerve stimulators, which enable anesthetic to be injected near the plexus, thus reducing the volume of anesthetic required and allowing for the specific blockadeof a nerve branch by desensitizing exclusively the area of interest. This paper describes the use of nerve stimulator in thebrachial plexus block (BPB) of a calf subjected to amputation of the left foreleg.Case: A newborn calf weighing 30 kg, with a history of injury to the left foreleg, was treated at the Veterinary Hospital ofthe Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region. Clinical and X-ray examinations revealed a fracture in the medialportion of the metacarpus and radiographic alterations indicative of osteomyelitis, so amputation of the affected limb wasrecommended. Prior the beginning, during and after the surgical procedure, the animal was submitted to the evaluation ofits physiological parameters (heart and respiratory rate, capillary refill time, diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure andrectal temperature). Because it is a newborn animal, it was decided not to pre-operatively fast. After applying preanestheticmedication (xylazine 0.01 mg/kg IV), anesthesia was induced with ketamine (2 mg/kg IV) and midazolam (0.3 mg/kg IV)and maintained with isoflurane. For the brachial plexus block, 0.4 mL/kg (1.5 mg/kg) of 0.375% bupivacaine was usedand aided by a peripheral nerve stimulator to generate 10 mA current, 1 HZ frequency and 100 μs pulse duration, coupledto a nerve stimulation needle, it was possible to observe flexion movements...(AU)

Soro autólogo no controle bacteriano, em bovino submetido a excisão cirúrgica de dermóide ocular / Autologous serum on bacterial control, in bovine submitted to surgical excision of an eye dermoide

Afecções oftálmicas têm se tornado cada vez mais frequentes na clínica de grandes animais, os defeitos epiteliais são frequentes e apresentam certo risco na clínica oftalmológica diária. O dermóide, presença de tecido cutâneo, constituído ou não de derme, epiderme, folículos pilosos e pelos ectópico, origina-se durante o período embrionário do animal e em ruminantes. Como tratamento de eleição foi utilizada a exérese cirúrgica, entretanto foi necessário um tratamento pós-cirúrgico com terapias à base de antibióticos e anti-inflamatórios. Utilizado como forma de substituição de colírios à base de antibióticos e anti-inflamatórios, o soro autólogo (SA) tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço no que diz respeito à tratamentos alternativos. Foi encaminhado para o Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido (HOVET/UFERSA), uma bezerra com aproximadamente 10 meses de idade, apresentando uma protrusão de tecido ectópico na região periocular. O procedimento para exérese do dermóide foi realizado no centro cirúrgico do HOVET e como tratamento pós-cirúrgico, a fim de se elucidar a atividade do soro autólogo no controle bacteriano, foi preconizado o uso de 1 gota do soro autólogo, quatro vezes ao dia, durante 30 dias. O tratamento com soro autólogo na concentração de 100% se mostrou como um eficiente agente bactericida no tratamento pós-cirúrgico.(AU)

Ophthalmic disorders have become increasingly frequent in the clinical practice of large animals, epithelial defects are frequent and they also present some risk in the daily ophthalmologic clinic. The dermoid, the presence of cutaneous tissue, consisting of the dermis, epidermis, hair follicles and ectopic hairs, originates during the embryonic period of the animal and in ruminants. Its etiological mechanism involved in the pathogenesis is not yet sufficiently elucidated. As treatment, surgical excision is used, however, post surgical treatment with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapies are necessary. Used as a substitute for antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drops, autologous serum (SA) has gained more and more space in substitution to alternative treatments. A 10 months of age calf, resenting a protuberance of ectopic tissue in the periocular region, was addimited in the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural Semi-Arid Federal University (HOVET /UFERSA). The procedure for the removal of the dermoid was performed at the surgical center of HOVET and as a post surgical treatment to elucidate the autologous serum activity in the bacterial control, the use of 1 drop of autologous serum was recommended four times a day during 30 days. Treatment with 100% autologous serum was shown to be an efficient bactericidal agent in post-surgical treatment.(AU)

Soro autólogo no controle bacteriano, em bovino submetido a excisão cirúrgica de dermóide ocular / Autologous serum on bacterial control, in bovine submitted to surgical excision of an eye dermoide

Afecções oftálmicas têm se tornado cada vez mais frequentes na clínica de grandes animais, os defeitos epiteliais são frequentes e apresentam certo risco na clínica oftalmológica diária. O dermóide, presença de tecido cutâneo, constituído ou não de derme, epiderme, folículos pilosos e pelos ectópico, origina-se durante o período embrionário do animal e em ruminantes. Como tratamento de eleição foi utilizada a exérese cirúrgica, entretanto foi necessário um tratamento pós-cirúrgico com terapias à base de antibióticos e anti-inflamatórios. Utilizado como forma de substituição de colírios à base de antibióticos e anti-inflamatórios, o soro autólogo (SA) tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço no que diz respeito à tratamentos alternativos. Foi encaminhado para o Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido (HOVET/UFERSA), uma bezerra com aproximadamente 10 meses de idade, apresentando uma protrusão de tecido ectópico na região periocular. O procedimento para exérese do dermóide foi realizado no centro cirúrgico do HOVET e como tratamento pós-cirúrgico, a fim de se elucidar a atividade do soro autólogo no controle bacteriano, foi preconizado o uso de 1 gota do soro autólogo, quatro vezes ao dia, durante 30 dias. O tratamento com soro autólogo na concentração de 100% se mostrou como um eficiente agente bactericida no tratamento pós-cirúrgico.

Ophthalmic disorders have become increasingly frequent in the clinical practice of large animals, epithelial defects are frequent and they also present some risk in the daily ophthalmologic clinic. The dermoid, the presence of cutaneous tissue, consisting of the dermis, epidermis, hair follicles and ectopic hairs, originates during the embryonic period of the animal and in ruminants. Its etiological mechanism involved in the pathogenesis is not yet sufficiently elucidated. As treatment, surgical excision is used, however, post surgical treatment with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapies are necessary. Used as a substitute for antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drops, autologous serum (SA) has gained more and more space in substitution to alternative treatments. A 10 months of age calf, resenting a protuberance of ectopic tissue in the periocular region, was addimited in the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural Semi-Arid Federal University (HOVET /UFERSA). The procedure for the removal of the dermoid was performed at the surgical center of HOVET and as a post surgical treatment to elucidate the autologous serum activity in the bacterial control, the use of 1 drop of autologous serum was recommended four times a day during 30 days. Treatment with 100% autologous serum was shown to be an efficient bactericidal agent in post-surgical treatment.

Enfermidades infecciosas de ovinos no perímetro irrigado das várzeas de Sousa/PB e adoção de medidas efetivas de controle / Infectious diseases in sheep at Perimetro irrigado das Várzeas de Sousa/PB and adoption of effective control measures

This study aimed to identify the main infectious diseases that affect sheep in the meadows of Sousa / PB and suggest control measures appropriated to the region. The study covered the years 2013 to 2015, and recorded 625 cases. After analyzing the results it was observed that the caseous lymphadenitis, mastitis, keratoconjunctivitis, Pododermatitis and contagious ecthyma were the most frequent diseases, reducing the occurrence of all diseases at the end of the project. The results show that there is a resistance in relation to the adoption of control measures already determined for many diseases by the farmers, but the adoption of basic sanitary practices are necessary and it has already resulted in notably lower rates of diseases that affect flocks.

Enfermidades infecciosas de ovinos no perímetro irrigado das várzeas de Sousa/PB e adoção de medidas efetivas de controle / Infectious diseases in sheep at Perimetro irrigado das Várzeas de Sousa/PB and adoption of effective control measures

This study aimed to identify the main infectious diseases that affect sheep in the meadows of Sousa / PB and suggest control measures appropriated to the region. The study covered the years 2013 to 2015, and recorded 625 cases. After analyzing the results it was observed that the caseous lymphadenitis, mastitis, keratoconjunctivitis, Pododermatitis and contagious ecthyma were the most frequent diseases, reducing the occurrence of all diseases at the end of the project. The results show that there is a resistance in relation to the adoption of control measures already determined for many diseases by the farmers, but the adoption of basic sanitary practices are necessary and it has already resulted in notably lower rates of diseases that affect flocks.(AU)

Caracterização das Práticas de Manejo Reprodutivo da Ovinocultura no Perímetro Irrigado das Várzeas de Sousa - Paraíba / Characterisation of the Reproductive Handling Practices of Sheep-raising in the Perímetro Irrigado das Várzeas de Sousa Paraíba State

Sheep-raising is a promising activity in the semi-arid of the Brazilian Northeast. However, somebarriers prevent the development of this type of livestock farming, such as the lack of assistance to producersand climatic factors that straight affect herd production. Therefore, it was aimed to contribute to thedevelopment of this activity, suggesting the implementation of reproductive-handling practices in PIVAS. Thework in 2013 was developed in 15 among 22 productive areas intended for production in PIVAS. In 2014 it wassupported 08 productive areas and in 2015, it was accompanied 066 productive areas. There was a significantchange in the frequency of the implementation of some practices suggested by the extension group, for example,in 2014 and 2015, it was reached 100% of acceptance for neonate care and discarding annual rate. Finally,many of the suggested systems have not been complied because of barriers already mentioned.(AU)

Caracterização das Práticas de Manejo Reprodutivo da Ovinocultura no Perímetro Irrigado das Várzeas de Sousa - Paraíba / Characterisation of the Reproductive Handling Practices of Sheep-raising in the Perímetro Irrigado das Várzeas de Sousa – Paraíba State

Sheep-raising is a promising activity in the semi-arid of the Brazilian Northeast. However, somebarriers prevent the development of this type of livestock farming, such as the lack of assistance to producersand climatic factors that straight affect herd production. Therefore, it was aimed to contribute to thedevelopment of this activity, suggesting the implementation of reproductive-handling practices in PIVAS. Thework in 2013 was developed in 15 among 22 productive areas intended for production in PIVAS. In 2014 it wassupported 08 productive areas and in 2015, it was accompanied 066 productive areas. There was a significantchange in the frequency of the implementation of some practices suggested by the extension group, for example,in 2014 and 2015, it was reached 100% of acceptance for neonate care and discarding annual rate. Finally,many of the suggested systems have not been complied because of barriers already mentioned.