Exocrine pancreatic carcinoma with hypoglycemia in a dog / Carcinoma de pâncreas exócrino com hipoglicemia em um cão

Background: Primary pancreas neoplasms are rare, representing less than 0.5% of all veterinary tumors. They are highly aggressive, and most of the patients have unspecific clinical signs until diagnosis. Although the treatment of choice is surgical resection, only 15 to 20% of the patients may undergo surgery and be cured. Survival is variable after diagnosis, ranging from 4 to 10 months. Prognosis is poor due to the aggressiveness and advanced stage of the disease at the moment of diagnosis, and the weak response to all existing treatments. The objective of this study was to report a case of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in a dog with hypoglycemia. Case: The present study describes a clinical case of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in the Clínica Escola de Veterinária (CEVET) at UNICENTRO-PR. The patient was taken to the CEVET and the main complaint of the owner was a volume increase in the ventral thoracic region. During the physical examination, it was observed that this increased volume was a mammary tumor in the third gland of the right side of the body. The animal showed no other symptoms and the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic cancer was only possible because glucose levels in routine examination were below the normal reference value for the species (47 mg/dL). After the glycemic curve was determined, it was observed that glucose levels were below reference values, even [...]

Exocrine pancreatic carcinoma with hypoglycemia in a dog / Carcinoma de pâncreas exócrino com hipoglicemia em um cão

Background: Primary pancreas neoplasms are rare, representing less than 0.5% of all veterinary tumors. They are highly aggressive, and most of the patients have unspecific clinical signs until diagnosis. Although the treatment of choice is surgical resection, only 15 to 20% of the patients may undergo surgery and be cured. Survival is variable after diagnosis, ranging from 4 to 10 months. Prognosis is poor due to the aggressiveness and advanced stage of the disease at the moment of diagnosis, and the weak response to all existing treatments. The objective of this study was to report a case of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in a dog with hypoglycemia. Case: The present study describes a clinical case of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in the Clínica Escola de Veterinária (CEVET) at UNICENTRO-PR. The patient was taken to the CEVET and the main complaint of the owner was a volume increase in the ventral thoracic region. During the physical examination, it was observed that this increased volume was a mammary tumor in the third gland of the right side of the body. The animal showed no other symptoms and the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic cancer was only possible because glucose levels in routine examination were below the normal reference value for the species (47 mg/dL). After the glycemic curve was determined, it was observed that glucose levels were below reference values, even [...](AU)

Análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano, tomografia computadorizada craniana e angiotomografia cerebral de Alouatta guariba - Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812 (Bugio ruivo)

A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de desenvolver e adaptar técnicas diagnósticas em neurologia para primatas não humanos, da espécie Alouatta guariba (bugio-ruivo) saudáveis e mantidos em cativeiro. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas em fluido cerebroespinhal, medição da pressão liquórica na cisterna magna, tomografia computadorizada de crânio e encéfalo, angiotomografia contrastada e reconstrução em três dimensões das imagens. Utilizou-se oito animais para as análises do fluído cerebroespinhal e cinco animais para as imagens tomográficas. Em todos os procedimentos, utilizou-se contenção química e anestesia com associação de cetamina, xilazina e midazolam e anestesia inalatória com isoflurano para realização dos exames. Os resultados das análises do fluído cerebroespinhal demonstraram os seguintes valores médios de: proteína (14,343 mg/dL ± 9,2), glicorraquia (131,25 mg/dL ± 106,7), pH (8,4 ± 0,7), células nucleadas (0,5/mL ± 0,7559), hemácias (49,374/mL ± 111,76) e pressão liquórica cisternal de 7,375 cm H2O ± 1,767. A tomografia computadorizada de crânio e encéfalo não permitiu a visualização de muitas estruturas encefálicas, sendo possível a medição dos valores de atenuação dos ossos frontal, parietal e temporal, e dos córtex frontal e parietal encefálicos. Nas imagens em 3D obtidas na angiotomografia contrastada, observaram-se importantes seios venosos, não sendo observadas artérias. O trabalho demonstrou a segurança e eficácia da colheita de fluído cerebroespinhal de Alouatta guariba, e seus valores. Além disso, concluiu-se que a tomografia computadorizada não permite uma visualização de estruturas encefálicas nesta espécie animal, e que as imagens em 3D dos vasos encefálicos pode ser uma importante ferramenta diagnóstica e de auxílio terapêutico

This survey was conducted with the objective of developing and adapting diagnostic techniques in neurology for non-human primates, of the species Alouatta guariba (howler monkey) healthy and kept in captivity. Physicalchemical analyses were carried out in cerebrospinal fluid and its pressure measurement in the cisterna magna. Also was made a computed tomography of skull and brain, and a contrasted angiotomography reconstruction in three dimensions images. The eight animals were used for the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and five animals for tomographic images. In all procedures, were used chemical restraint and anesthesia with ketamine, xylazine and association of midazolam and inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane for carrying out the examinations. The results of the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid showed average values: protein (14.343 mg/dL ± 9.2), glucose (131.25 mg/dL ± 106.7), pH (0.7 ± 8.4), nucleated cells (0.5/mL ± 0.7559), red blood cells (49.374/mL ± 111.76) and CSF cisternal pressure 7.375 cm H2O ± 1.767. Computed tomography of skull and brain did not allow the viewing of many brain structures, however, was possible the measurement of the attenuation values of frontal parietal and temporal bones, and the frontal cortex and parietal brain. In 3D images obtained in contrasted angiotomography, was observed the venous sinuses, but not the arteries. This work demonstrated the safety and efficacy of cerebrospinal fluid collection of Alouatta guariba, and their values. In addition, it was concluded that CT does not allow a preview of intracranial structures in this animal species, and that the images in 3D brain vessel can be an important tool