Effect of low intensity photobiomodulation associated with norbixin-based poly (hydroxybutyrate) membrane on post-tenotomy tendon repair: in vivo study

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo response of photobiomodulation therapy associated with norbixin-based poly(hydroxybutyrate) membrane (PHB) in tenotomized calcaneal tendon. Methods: Thirty rats were randomly allocated to six groups (n=5 each): LED groups (L1, L2 and L3) and membrane + LED groups (ML1, ML2 and ML3). The right calcaneal tendons of all animals were sectioned transversely and were irradiated with LED daily, one hour after surgery every 24 hours, until the day of euthanasia. At the end of the experiments the tendons were removed for histological analysis. Results: The histological analysis showed a significant reduction in inflammatory cells in the ML1, ML2 and ML3 groups (p=0.0056, p=0.0018 and p 0.0001, respectively) compared to those in the LED group. There was greater proliferation of fibroblasts in the ML1 (p 0.0001) and L3 (p 0.0001) groups. A higher concentration of type I collagen was also observed in the ML1 group (p=0.0043) replacing type III collagen. Conclusion: Photobiomodulation in association with norbixin-based PHB membrane led to control of the inflammatory process. However, it did not favor fibroblast proliferation and did not optimize type I collagen formation in the expected stage of the repair process.(AU)

Characterization and assessment of the genotoxicity and biocompatibility of poly (hydroxybutyrate) and norbixin membranes

Purpose To synthesize and characterize poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and norbixin membranes to evaluate them for genotoxicity in rats and wound healing in mice by histological staining. Methods For the evaluation of genotoxicity, male rats ( Rattus novegicus ) were divided into three groups (n= 5): 5% PHB/Norbixin membrane introduced into the peritoneum by laparotomy; B negative control; C positive control (intraperitoneal dose of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg). For the evaluation of biocompatibilty, a cutaneous wound was induced on the back of males mice ( Mus musculus ) divided into two experimental treatment groups: control and membrane that underwent euthanasia after 7 and 14 days treatment. Statistical analysis ware made by One Way Anova post hoc Tukey Test (p<0.05). Results Regarding the incidence of polychromatic erythrocytes, there was no difference between negative control and 5% PHB/Norbixin membrane; however, when compared to the positive control represented by cyclophosphamide, there was a significant difference (p <0.001). As for DNA damage, the changes induced in the first 4h were repaired in 24h. In addition, the membrane was effective in abbreviating the inflammatory process and served as a scaffold due to the stimulus to reepithelialization mainly on the 7 days of treatment. Conclusion The non-genotoxic PHB/Norbixin 5% membrane presented promising results that suggest its effectiveness as a guide for tissue regeneration given its biocompatibility.(AU)

Composição centesimal, físico-química e mineral da farinha de jenipapo (Genipa americana L. ) / Centensimal, physical-chemical and mineral composition of genipa flour (Genipa americana L. )

O trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar a farinha do Jenipapo (Genipa americana L.) através da composição centesimal, físico-química e mineral. Os frutos foram coletados maduros, secos em estufa a 60ºC, triturados e obteve-se a farinha da polpa do jenipapo. Foram realizados os testes e obtidos os seguintes resultados: pH 3,85±0,830, atividade de água (Aw) 0,401, umidade 7,86 g/100g, cinzas 3,38 g/100g, lipídios 1,12 g/100g, proteínas 1,12 g/100g, carboidratos 84,82 g/100g, sólidos solúveis (SS) 64,66 ºBrix e valor energético total (VET) 360,85 g/100g. Na composição mineral verificou-se a presença dos minerais: potássio, magnésio, cálcio, ferro, fósforo, enxofre, manganês por EDFRX. A farinha de jenipapo apresentou um alto valor energético, com pH, umidade e Aw que atendem a legislação e há presença de minerais essenciais.

Estudo termogravimétrico da farinha de jenipapo (Genipa americana L. ) / Thermogravimetric study of genipa flour (Genipa americana L. )

A pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar os resultados dos métodos clássicos de umidade e resíduo mineral (cinzas) com os resultados encontrados pela termogravimetria (TG) e derivada da termogravimetria (DTG) na amostra de farinha de jenipapo desidratada em estufa (FJDE). Utilizaram-se os testes de umidade e cinzas pelo método convencional e pela termogravimetria (TG) e derivada de termogravemetria (DTG). Os resultados obtidos foram 7,86 ± 0,3 % para umidade convencional e 7,774 % para umidade na TG, cinzas convencional 3,38 ± 0,025% e cinzas por TG com 4,4 %. Conclui-se que as análises termogravimétricas apresentaram resultados próximos aos modelos convencionais para a umidade e cinzas, sendo que é realizada em um menor espaço de tempo, sem haver manipulação da amostra pelo analista no meio do processo evitando distorções nos resultados.(AU)

Estudo termogravimétrico da farinha de jenipapo (Genipa americana L. ) / Thermogravimetric study of genipa flour (Genipa americana L. )

A pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar os resultados dos métodos clássicos de umidade e resíduo mineral (cinzas) com os resultados encontrados pela termogravimetria (TG) e derivada da termogravimetria (DTG) na amostra de farinha de jenipapo desidratada em estufa (FJDE). Utilizaram-se os testes de umidade e cinzas pelo método convencional e pela termogravimetria (TG) e derivada de termogravemetria (DTG). Os resultados obtidos foram 7,86 ± 0,3 % para umidade convencional e 7,774 % para umidade na TG, cinzas convencional 3,38 ± 0,025% e cinzas por TG com 4,4 %. Conclui-se que as análises termogravimétricas apresentaram resultados próximos aos modelos convencionais para a umidade e cinzas, sendo que é realizada em um menor espaço de tempo, sem haver manipulação da amostra pelo analista no meio do processo evitando distorções nos resultados.

Effect of norbixin-based poly(hydroxybutyrate) membranes on the tendon repair process after tenotomy in rats

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of norbixin-based poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) membranes for Achilles tendon repair. Methods: Thirty rats were submitted to total tenotomy surgery of the right Achilles tendon and divided into two groups (control and membrane; n = 15 each), which were further subdivided into three subgroups (days 7, 14, and 21; n = 5 each). Samples were analyzed histologically. Results: Histological analysis showed a significant reduction in inflammatory infiltrates on days 7, 14 (p 0.0001 for both), and 21 (p = 0.0004) in the membrane group compared to that in the control group. There was also a significant decrease in the number of fibroblasts in the control group on days 7, 14 (p 0.0001), and 21 (p = 0.0032). Further, an increase in type I collagen deposition was observed in the membrane group compared to that in the control group on days 7 (p = 0.0133) and 14 (p = 0.0107). Conclusion: Treatment with norbixin-based PHB membranes reduces the inflammatory response, increases fibroblast proliferation, and improves collagen production in the tendon repair region, especially between days 7 and 14.(AU)