Evaluation of neomale Rhamdia quelen progeny growing at various stocking densities / Descendência de neomachos de Rhamdia quelen: avaliação do crescimento em diferentes densidades

Monosex female jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) generated through indirect sex reversal may have their growth influenced by the stocking density, which is an important factor for production in fish farming. Since zootechnical data from R. quelen offspring generated by crossbreeding between genotypic masculinized females (neomales) and normal females were never reported, the objective of this study was to compare the zootechnical indexes of neomale and normal male offspring stocked at densities of 500, 1,000 and 1,500 fish m-3 (D1, D2, and D3) for 61 days. The initial mean weight and length of the neomale and normal male offspring were 0.90 ± 0.12 g / 4.94 ± 0.22 cm and 0.80 ± 0.12 g / 4.60 ± 0.37 cm, respectively. A completely randomized experimental design with three replicates was used, with fish stocked in 0.07 m³ tanks. At the end of the experimental period, the data evaluated showed that there were no significant differences between progeny or among stocking densities in terms of survival, weight, weight gain, length, feed conversion or feed consumption. Therefore, neomale offspring presented adequate productive performance during the juvenile stage and tolerated increases in stocking density without performance loss, making the neomales suitable for R. quelen cultivation.

Lotes monossexo feminino de Rhamdia quelen podem ser gerados por inversão sexual indireta e seu crescimento é influenciado pela densidade de estocagem, a qual é um fator importante no seu desenvolvimento. O estudo teve por objetivo comparar o desempenho produtivo das descendências de neomachos e de machos normais estocados nas densidades de 500, 1000 e 1500 peixes m-3 (D1, D2 e D3), durante 61 dias, através da avaliação de índices zootécnicos. A média inicial de peso e comprimento das descendências de neomachos e machos normais, foi respectivamente, 0,90 ± 0,12 g / 4,94 ± 0,22 cm e 0,80 ± 0,12 g / 4,60 ± 0,37 cm. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso com três repetições, sendo os peixes estocados em tanques de 0,07 m³. Os valores finais de peso, comprimento e sobrevivência (média ± dp) foram os seguintes: Neomachos: D1 - 4,03 ± 0,50 g, 7,73 ± 0,20 cm, 98,10 ± 1,65%; D2 -: 4,08 ± 0,21 g, 7,80 ± 0,21 cm, 96,67 ± 0,82%; D3 - 4,74 ± 0,77 g, 8,18 ± 0,44 cm, 95,56 ± 3,34%; Machos: Dl - 3,67 ± 0,36 g, 7,58 ± 0,20 cm, 91,43 ± 2,86%; D2 - 3,96 ± 0,54 g, 7,86 ± 0,23 cm, 94,29 ± 3,78%; D3 - 4,23 ± 0,52 g, 8,05 ± 0,38 cm, 94,92 ± 3,85%. As diferentes descendências e densidades de estocagem testadas não apresentaram diferenças significativas para peso, ganho em peso, comprimento, sobrevivência, conversão alimentar e consumo de ração. Portanto, a descendência de neomachos apresentou desempenho produtivo adequado durante a fase de juvenis e suportou o aumento da densidade de estocagem sem prejuízos ao seu desempenho, tornando os neomachos adequados para o cultivo de jundiá.

Evaluation of neomale Rhamdia quelen progeny growing at various stocking densities / Descendência de neomachos de Rhamdia quelen: avaliação do crescimento em diferentes densidades

Monosex female jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) generated through indirect sex reversal may have their growth influenced by the stocking density, which is an important factor for production in fish farming. Since zootechnical data from R. quelen offspring generated by crossbreeding between genotypic masculinized females (neomales) and normal females were never reported, the objective of this study was to compare the zootechnical indexes of neomale and normal male offspring stocked at densities of 500, 1,000 and 1,500 fish m-3 (D1, D2, and D3) for 61 days. The initial mean weight and length of the neomale and normal male offspring were 0.90 ± 0.12 g / 4.94 ± 0.22 cm and 0.80 ± 0.12 g / 4.60 ± 0.37 cm, respectively. A completely randomized experimental design with three replicates was used, with fish stocked in 0.07 m³ tanks. At the end of the experimental period, the data evaluated showed that there were no significant differences between progeny or among stocking densities in terms of survival, weight, weight gain, length, feed conversion or feed consumption. Therefore, neomale offspring presented adequate productive performance during the juvenile stage and tolerated increases in stocking density without performance loss, making the neomales suitable for R. quelen cultivation.(AU)

Lotes monossexo feminino de Rhamdia quelen podem ser gerados por inversão sexual indireta e seu crescimento é influenciado pela densidade de estocagem, a qual é um fator importante no seu desenvolvimento. O estudo teve por objetivo comparar o desempenho produtivo das descendências de neomachos e de machos normais estocados nas densidades de 500, 1000 e 1500 peixes m-3 (D1, D2 e D3), durante 61 dias, através da avaliação de índices zootécnicos. A média inicial de peso e comprimento das descendências de neomachos e machos normais, foi respectivamente, 0,90 ± 0,12 g / 4,94 ± 0,22 cm e 0,80 ± 0,12 g / 4,60 ± 0,37 cm. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso com três repetições, sendo os peixes estocados em tanques de 0,07 m³. Os valores finais de peso, comprimento e sobrevivência (média ± dp) foram os seguintes: Neomachos: D1 - 4,03 ± 0,50 g, 7,73 ± 0,20 cm, 98,10 ± 1,65%; D2 -: 4,08 ± 0,21 g, 7,80 ± 0,21 cm, 96,67 ± 0,82%; D3 - 4,74 ± 0,77 g, 8,18 ± 0,44 cm, 95,56 ± 3,34%; Machos: Dl - 3,67 ± 0,36 g, 7,58 ± 0,20 cm, 91,43 ± 2,86%; D2 - 3,96 ± 0,54 g, 7,86 ± 0,23 cm, 94,29 ± 3,78%; D3 - 4,23 ± 0,52 g, 8,05 ± 0,38 cm, 94,92 ± 3,85%. As diferentes descendências e densidades de estocagem testadas não apresentaram diferenças significativas para peso, ganho em peso, comprimento, sobrevivência, conversão alimentar e consumo de ração. Portanto, a descendência de neomachos apresentou desempenho produtivo adequado durante a fase de juvenis e suportou o aumento da densidade de estocagem sem prejuízos ao seu desempenho, tornando os neomachos adequados para o cultivo de jundiá.(AU)

Identification of neomales in South American catfish Rhamdia quelen on the basis of the sex ratio in the progeny

In the present study, we aimed to identify masculinized genotypic females of Rhamdia Quelen on the basis of the sex ratio of the progeny. Masculinizing diets containing 3 levels of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT; 60, 90, or 120 mg kg-1) were administered to R. quelenfry. Thereafter, 5 phenotypic males from each MT treatment were crossed with normal females, and their progenies were sexed. At least 1 male from each treatment group generated progeny with a higher female:male ratio. These males, designated M60, M90, and M120, were crossed again with 3 other normal females to re-evaluate the sex ratio of the progeny. Moreover, a normal male was used as a control. Again, we found a higher female:male ratio in the progeny of M60, M90, and M120. The control male produced 2sets of balanced progeny and 1 with a lower female:maleratio. Although these breeders did not generate all- female progeny (79.75 ± 7.20% of females), our findingsindicate that M60, M90, and M120 can be considered masculinized genotypic females of R. quelen, suggesting the involvement of autosomal genes or polygenic interactions in sex determination.

Identification of neomales in South American catfish Rhamdia quelen on the basis of the sex ratio in the progeny

In the present study, we aimed to identify masculinized genotypic females of Rhamdia Quelen on the basis of the sex ratio of the progeny. Masculinizing diets containing 3 levels of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT; 60, 90, or 120 mg kg-1) were administered to R. quelenfry. Thereafter, 5 phenotypic males from each MT treatment were crossed with normal females, and their progenies were sexed. At least 1 male from each treatment group generated progeny with a higher female:male ratio. These males, designated M60, M90, and M120, were crossed again with 3 other normal females to re-evaluate the sex ratio of the progeny. Moreover, a normal male was used as a control. Again, we found a higher female:male ratio in the progeny of M60, M90, and M120. The control male produced 2sets of balanced progeny and 1 with a lower female:maleratio. Although these breeders did not generate all- female progeny (79.75 ± 7.20% of females), our findingsindicate that M60, M90, and M120 can be considered masculinized genotypic females of R. quelen, suggesting the involvement of autosomal genes or polygenic interactions in sex determination. (AU)