Analysis of the honey color range from homogenized honeys of different colorations obtained from Apis mellifera

Beekeeping is an activity of low environmental impact, meeting the requirements for economic, social and sustainable development. Among the products produced by bees, honey is the greatest consumption. The color of honey is correlated with their floral origin, processing and storage, climatic factors during the flow of nectar, the temperature at which the honey ripens in the hive. Among the criteria adopted by consumers of honey, the main thing is the color of the product. The Brazilian honeys have a huge color variation, which may influence consumer preference. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of homogenization of different honeys in the final coloring benefited honey and processed in the industry. The research was conducted in the laboratory of physicochemical analyzes of Breyer & CIA LTDA company, located on highway PR 447, Km 0.6 municipality of União da Vitória, PR, Brazil. The company provided 20 samples of honey. The reading of the color band was performed with the aid of a colorimeter Hanna HI 96785. The honeys with different color bands were homogenized between them in proportions of 25%, 50% and 75%. From the 20 primary samples, 60 samples of honey homogenized were reproduced. The reading of the 60 samples was held and only 13 homogenized samples showed to be compatible or close to the expected results. The other 48 samples showed different results

Questionnaire use to assess knowledge an insertion of animal welfare science in swine production / Utilização de questionário para avaliar o conhecimento e a inserção da ciencia bem-estar animal na produção de suínos

Rational management has been cited as paramount to animal production. Among the leading factors is the behavior of handler with pigs and its influence on animal welfare. Training and employee satisfaction directly reflect animals treatment and system productivity. Some procedures considered basic cause stress due to aggression or wrong handling. Tooth wear is cited among the largest pain causers to animals. The practice of cutting or rubbing teeth of piglets is performed in the first hours of life to reduce skin lesions in piglets and mammary apparatus of matrices. Vocalization is used to measure welfare, being defined as sound formation in certain organs as the result of external factors. Energy, frequency and duration of vocalizations are performed according to the type of need, allowing the identification of pain vocalization from screams or shouting, described as different from other vocalizations. This study was conducted with arrays sows and their litters to wear or not piglets teeth  on the second day of infants treatment. One questionnaire containing ten questions about behavior, welfare and humanitarian interactions with animals was prepared and answered by 23 academics, teachers, researchers, and farm staff. Among all answers, none of them was unanimous. About the question referred to piglets vocalization, 45% answered that piglets screaming when wear because they fe

O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.

Efects of the sazonality and method of collection on the production of propolis essential oil / Efeito da sazonalidade e método de coleta na produção de óleo essencial de própolis

Studies on essential oils of Brazilian propolis indicated the existence of significant differences in their qualitative composition. These differences may be influenced by the seasons and the production method. This work aims to evaluate the composition of essential oil from propolis produced in different seasons and collection method (shim, smart propolis collector and  plastic screen) on propolis collected by bees Apis mellifera. Fifteen hives of africanized bees Apis mellifera, housed in standard Langstroth hives, were randomly distributed and managed for the exclusively production of propolis. Before the beginning of the experiment, the nests were standardized as to the number of frames and creates. Five bee hives were randomly selected for each method of propolis production in the following treatments: T1- smart propolis collector (SPC); T2- plastic screen and T3- shim. The propolis were collected monthly in each treatment, and were cleaned, mixed and stored until the moment of the analysis of extraction of essential oil. Essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation using Clevenger apparatus in a period of six hours. The oil extracted was split into aliquots and stored at 4-6C, and was subjected to chemical analysis by means of mass spectrometer coupled to a gas chromatograph (GC-MS), SHIMAZU brand, model QP5050A. The identifications of substances were made

O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.

Efects of the sazonality and method of collection on the production of propolis essential oil / Efeito da sazonalidade e método de coleta na produção de óleo essencial de própolis

Studies on essential oils of Brazilian propolis indicated the existence of significant differences in their qualitative composition. These differences may be influenced by the seasons and the production method. This work aims to evaluate the composition of essential oil from propolis produced in different seasons and collection method (shim, smart propolis collector and  plastic screen) on propolis collected by bees Apis mellifera. Fifteen hives of africanized bees Apis mellifera, housed in standard Langstroth hives, were randomly distributed and managed for the exclusively production of propolis. Before the beginning of the experiment, the nests were standardized as to the number of frames and creates. Five bee hives were randomly selected for each method of propolis production in the following treatments: T1- smart propolis collector (SPC); T2- plastic screen and T3- shim. The propolis were collected monthly in each treatment, and were cleaned, mixed and stored until the moment of the analysis of extraction of essential oil. Essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation using Clevenger apparatus in a period of six hours. The oil extracted was split into aliquots and stored at 4-6C, and was subjected to chemical analysis by means of mass spectrometer coupled to a gas chromatograph (GC-MS), SHIMAZU brand, model QP5050A. The identifications of substances were made

O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.

Questionnaire use to assess knowledge an insertion of animal welfare science in swine production / Utilização de questionário para avaliar o conhecimento e a inserção da ciencia bem-estar animal na produção de suínos

Rational management has been cited as paramount to animal production. Among the leading factors is the behavior of handler with pigs and its influence on animal welfare. Training and employee satisfaction directly reflect animals treatment and system productivity. Some procedures considered basic cause stress due to aggression or wrong handling. Tooth wear is cited among the largest pain causers to animals. The practice of cutting or rubbing teeth of piglets is performed in the first hours of life to reduce skin lesions in piglets and mammary apparatus of matrices. Vocalization is used to measure welfare, being defined as sound formation in certain organs as the result of external factors. Energy, frequency and duration of vocalizations are performed according to the type of need, allowing the identification of pain vocalization from screams or shouting, described as different from other vocalizations. This study was conducted with arrays sows and their litters to wear or not piglets teeth  on the second day of infants treatment. One questionnaire containing ten questions about behavior, welfare and humanitarian interactions with animals was prepared and answered by 23 academics, teachers, researchers, and farm staff. Among all answers, none of them was unanimous. About the question referred to piglets vocalization, 45% answered that piglets screaming when wear because they fe

O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.

Analysis of the honey color range from homogenized honeys of different colorations obtained from Apis mellifera

Beekeeping is an activity of low environmental impact, meeting the requirements for economic, social and sustainable development. Among the products produced by bees, honey is the greatest consumption. The color of honey is correlated with their floral origin, processing and storage, climatic factors during the flow of nectar, the temperature at which the honey ripens in the hive. Among the criteria adopted by consumers of honey, the main thing is the color of the product. The Brazilian honeys have a huge color variation, which may influence consumer preference. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of homogenization of different honeys in the final coloring benefited honey and processed in the industry. The research was conducted in the laboratory of physicochemical analyzes of Breyer & CIA LTDA company, located on highway PR 447, Km 0.6 municipality of União da Vitória, PR, Brazil. The company provided 20 samples of honey. The reading of the color band was performed with the aid of a colorimeter Hanna HI 96785. The honeys with different color bands were homogenized between them in proportions of 25%, 50% and 75%. From the 20 primary samples, 60 samples of honey homogenized were reproduced. The reading of the 60 samples was held and only 13 homogenized samples showed to be compatible or close to the expected results. The other 48 samples showed different results