Resumo
Background: Ovarian transplantation in nonhuman primates (NHP) has been used as a strategy for the development of experimental models for biomedical research in the reproductive area. The prospects for application of this technique range from the restoration of female fertility to the conservation of endangered wild animals. However, studies with NHP were performed mostly focusing on the ovarian transplantation of cryopreserved tissue, in order to simulate the reality of human species, as well as aiming to obtain experimental models suitable for comparative studies. On the other hand, ovarian transplantation could be applied also in NHP species preservation.Review: According to the last census (2012-2014) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), currently, more than half of the 633 types of primates known around the world are in danger of disappearing forever due to the continued destruction of their natural habitat by human activities. Thus, there is an interest to expose the possible methods of ovarian preservation followed by transplantation that can be employed to promote the conservation of endangered NHP. Despite the positive results obtained with avascular autograft of fresh ovarian tissue in NHP, it is important to bring in mind the significant loss of follicles as a result of this procedure due to ischemia and reperfusion during the first days after grafting. This phenomenon leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical, which are responsible by lipid peroxidation, cell membrane damage and subsequent follicular atresia. An alternative to counteract this oxidative stress consists in the application/administration of different sources of antioxidants previously or during grafting, in the grafted tissue or in the animal receiving the transplant. The most used compounds with a claimed radical scavenger activity are catalase, trolox and some vitamins.[...](AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Primatas , Ovário/transplante , Criopreservação/métodos , Criopreservação/veterinária , Modelos Animais , Espécies em Perigo de Extinção , Técnicas ReprodutivasResumo
Background: Ovarian transplantation in nonhuman primates (NHP) has been used as a strategy for the development of experimental models for biomedical research in the reproductive area. The prospects for application of this technique range from the restoration of female fertility to the conservation of endangered wild animals. However, studies with NHP were performed mostly focusing on the ovarian transplantation of cryopreserved tissue, in order to simulate the reality of human species, as well as aiming to obtain experimental models suitable for comparative studies. On the other hand, ovarian transplantation could be applied also in NHP species preservation.Review: According to the last census (2012-2014) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), currently, more than half of the 633 types of primates known around the world are in danger of disappearing forever due to the continued destruction of their natural habitat by human activities. Thus, there is an interest to expose the possible methods of ovarian preservation followed by transplantation that can be employed to promote the conservation of endangered NHP. Despite the positive results obtained with avascular autograft of fresh ovarian tissue in NHP, it is important to bring in mind the significant loss of follicles as a result of this procedure due to ischemia and reperfusion during the first days after grafting. This phenomenon leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical, which are responsible by lipid peroxidation, cell membrane damage and subsequent follicular atresia. An alternative to counteract this oxidative stress consists in the application/administration of different sources of antioxidants previously or during grafting, in the grafted tissue or in the animal receiving the transplant. The most used compounds with a claimed radical scavenger activity are catalase, trolox and some vitamins.[...]