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1.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 49: Pub. 1838, 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363604

Resumo

Respiratory diseases are one of the major health issues described in intensive pig production, causing important economic losses. However, there is little information on the prevalence, etiology and clinical-pathological presentation of these diseases in wild boars. For this reason, this work investigated the presence in captive wild boars of pneumonic lesions and bacterial pathogens commonly detected and associated with respiratory diseases in domestic pigs. A total of 226 captive wild boar lungs from two farms were examined in a slaughterhouse in Southern Brazil. The pneumonic lesions were classified as cranioventral, dorsocaudal, and disseminated, and the quantification of lesions was calculated. From the total of 226 lungs, 121 were collected for laboratory examination. Lungs with macroscopic lesions suggestive of pneumonia were collected for histological, bacteriological and molecular analysis. The molecular analysis was performed to detect the presence of Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae, Glaesserella (G.) parasuis, Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma (M.) hyorhinis and Streptococcus (S.) suis serotype 2. The percentages of histological lesions and bacterial agents and their association were calculated. Cranioventral consolidation (75.2%) was the most prevalent macroscopic lung lesion, followed by disseminated (21.5%) and dorsocaudal (3.3%) distribution. Microscopically, chronic lesions were the most prevalent, representing 70.2% of the lungs. Moreover, BALT hyperplasia was present in 86.5% of the lungs, suppurative bronchopneumonia in 65.7%, and alveoli infiltrate in 46.8%. Six bacterial pathogens commonly described as agents of pig pneumonia were identified by bacterial or molecular methods: Pasteurella (P.) multocida, S. suis, M. hyopneumoniae, A. pleuropneumoniae, G. parasuis and M. hyorhinis. Twenty-eight different combinations of pathogens were identified in 84 samples (69.4%). The most common combinations were: M. hyopneumoniae and A. pleuropneumoniae (13.1%), M. hyopneumoniae, G. parasuis and M. hyorhinis (10.7%), and M. hyopneumoniae, A. pleuropneumoniae and G. parasuis (8.3%). Additionally, M. hyopneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen detected in this study, representing 58.7% of the samples. The detection of M. hyopneumoniae and M. hyorhinis by PCR was associated with the presence of BALT hyperplasia (P < 0.05) and there was also an association between the detection of M. hyopneumoniae by PCR and suppurative bronchopneumonia (P < 0.05). In addition, a significant association (P < 0.05) between the detection of M. hyopneumoniae and A. pleuropneumoniae by PCR and the histological classification (acute, subacute or chronic lesions) was observed. The results of this study were similar to those observed in slaughtered domestic pigs, although, the detection of opportunist pathogens was less frequent than that usually described in pig pneumonia. The high prevalence of pneumonia in captive wild boars at slaughter and the similar characteristics of pneumonia in captive wild boars and domestic pigs suggest that the close phylogenetic relationship between pigs and wild boars could influence the susceptibility of both species to the colonization of the same pathogens, indicating that captive wild boars raised in confined conditions could be predisposed to respiratory diseases, similar to domestic pigs.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Respiratórias/veterinária , Sus scrofa/fisiologia , Pneumonia Suína Micoplasmática/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Suína Micoplasmática/etiologia , Lesão Pulmonar/veterinária , Pulmão/patologia
2.
Ci. Rural ; 49(1): e20180621, Jan. 31, 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-19341

Resumo

This study described the epidemiological, clinical, pathological and bacteriological aspects of Mannheimia haemolytica pleuropneumonia in goats associated with shipping stress. Forty goats transported from the Northeast to the Southern region of Brazil died during shipment, or 2-3 days after unloading. Clinical signs included dyspnea, mucopurulent nasal discharge, and coughing. All goats were necropsied, and multiple tissues were collected for histopathological analysis and involved agent identifications. All lungs showed pulmonary consolidation, predominantly affecting the cranioventral lobes, in addition to the marked fibrinous pleuritis, pleural thickening, and pleural adhesions, that affected 90% of the goats. Histologically, there was fibrino-suppurative pleuropneumonia characterized by a diffuse neutrophilic infiltrate admixed with fibrin. Non-hemolytic [85% (34/40)] and hemolytic [15% (6/40)] species were obtained in bacteriological culture. Fir Mannheimia spp. was reported in 26 isolates and subsequently confirmed as M. haemolytica (99% identity), after amplification and partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene. Stress may trigger the development of bacterial pleuropneumonia in goats, and non-hemolytic strains of M. haemolytica may cause this condition in goats with severe immunosuppression.(AU)


Descreve-se os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, patológicos e bacteriológicos da pleuropneumonia por Mannheimia haemolytica em caprinos, após transporte prolongado. Quarenta caprinos transportados da região Nordeste para a região Sul do Brasil morreram durante a viagem ou 2-3 dias após o desembarque. Clinicamente, observou-se dispneia, secreção nasal mucopurulenta e tosse. Na necropsia foram coletados múltiplos fragmentos de órgãos para análises histopatológicas e identificação do agente envolvido. Todos os pulmões apresentaram consolidação pulmonar predominantemente em região cranioventral, associada à deposição acentuada de fibrina, espessamento e aderência pleurais em 90% dos casos. Histologicamente, havia pleuropneumonia fibrinossupurativa caracterizada por infiltrado neutrofílico difuso associado à fibrina. Colônias não hemolíticas [85% (34/40)] e hemolíticas [15% (6/40)] foram obtidas pelo isolamento bacteriológico. Mannheimia spp. foi isolada em 26 amostras, os quais posteriormente foram confirmados como Mannheimia haemolytica (99% de identidade), pela amplificação e sequenciamento parcial do gene 16S rDNA. O estresse pode favorecer o desenvolvimento de pleuropneumonia bacteriana em caprinos, e cepas não hemolíticas de M. haemolytica podem causar doença em animais com imunodepressão acentuada.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ruminantes , Pleuropneumonia/veterinária , Mannheimia haemolytica , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária
3.
Ci. Rural ; 48(10): e20180372, 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-738558

Resumo

This report describes the clinical, pathological, and molecular aspects of a pneumonia by Cryptococcus neoformans in a goat in the Southern region of Brazil. A goat with a history of prolonged transportation presented dyspnea, nasal discharge and cough, and was subjected to necropsy, histopathology, and mycological evaluation. Grossly, cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation was observed, characterized by firm and grayish areas interspersed with dark red foci. Histopathology of the lungs showed areas of parenchymal necrosis, containing blastoconidia with a slightly basophilic central cell, surrounded by an unstained capsule. It was associated with moderate granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate and peripheral fibrosis. The capsule and fungus cell exhibited marked Alcian Blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining, respectively. Diagnosis of fungal pneumonia by C. neoformans was based on clinical, pathological, and molecular findings.(AU)


Este relato objetiva descrever os aspectos clínicos, patológicos e moleculares de pneumonia por Cryptococcus neoformans em um caprino na região Sul do Brasil. Um caprino com histórico de transporte prolongado apresentou dispneia, secreção nasal e tosse e foi encaminhado para necropsia, análise histopatológica e micológica. Macroscopicamente, observou-se consolidação pulmonar cranioventral, caracterizada por áreas firmes e acinzentadas, entremeadas por focos vermelho-escuros. Na análise histopatológica dos pulmões foram evidenciadas áreas de necrose do parênquima, que continham blastoconídeos com célula central levemente basofílica, circundada por cápsula não corada, associados a moderado infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso e fibrose periférica. A cápsula e a célula do fungo foram fortemente coradas pelo azul alciano e pelo ácido periódico de Schiff, respectivamente. O diagnóstico de pneumonia fúngica por C. neoformans foi baseado nos achados clínicos, patológicos e moleculares.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cryptococcus neoformans , Pneumonia/veterinária , Ruminantes , Doenças Respiratórias/veterinária , Tecido Parenquimatoso , Azul Alciano , Reação do Ácido Periódico de Schiff
4.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 47(10): 1-9, 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1479795

Resumo

In the period from January 2004 to December 2015, 56 dogs were diagnosed with rangeliosis in the Setor de Patologia Veterinária at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS). The main hematological abnormalities were thrombocytopenia and anemia. The affected dogs showed signs of apathy, anorexia, fetid and bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. At necropsy, the main changes were jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenomegaly. Histological analyses revealed parasitophorous vacuoles of Rangelia vitalii in cytoplasmic endothelial cells, mainly in the heart, kidneys, lymph nodes, intestines, and pancreas. Inflammation characterized by mononuclear cells was predominant in the analysis, and most was due to the presence of plasma cells. Other lesion types observed were lymphoid hyperplasia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, erythrophagocytosis, and erythroid lineage hyperplasia in bone marrow. Of the total number of animals, 49 were diagnosed using necropsy and histological analysis, and seven were diagnosed using a molecular analysis (i.e., PCR and genetic sequencing of blood samples). This paper presented a different method of diagnosing rangeliosis in canines. This approach involved histological methods including the quantification and determination of the intensity and distribution of the infectious agent in different organs.


No período de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2015, 56 caninos domésticos obtiveram o diagnóstico de rangeliose no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Os cães apresentaram sinais de apatia, anorexia, diarreia fétida e sanguinolenta, êmese e desidratação. As principais alterações hematológicas foram trombocitopenia e anemia. Na necropsia as principais alterações foram icterícia, esplenomegalia, hepatomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Na análise histológica observou-se vacúolos parasitóforos de Rangelia vitalii no citoplasma de células endoteliais, principalmente no coração, rins, linfonodos, intestinos e pâncreas. A inflamação mononuclear foi predominante na análise, sendo que a maioria deu-se pela presença de plasmócitos. Entre outras lesões frequentemente observadas estão hiperplasia linfoide, hematopoiese extramedular e eritrofagocitose, e hiperplasia de linhagem eritroide em medula óssea. Do total, 49 cães foram diagnosticados através de necropsia e análise histológica, e 7 animais através de análise molecular da PCR e sequenciamento genético de amostras de sangue. Este trabalho apresenta um diagnóstico diferencial de rangeliose em caninos, através do método histológico de quantificação e determinação de intensidade e distribuição do agente em diferentes órgãos.


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/diagnóstico , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/epidemiologia , Brasil , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária
5.
Ci. Rural ; 47(10): 1-9, 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-20031

Resumo

In the period from January 2004 to December 2015, 56 dogs were diagnosed with rangeliosis in the Setor de Patologia Veterinária at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS). The main hematological abnormalities were thrombocytopenia and anemia. The affected dogs showed signs of apathy, anorexia, fetid and bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. At necropsy, the main changes were jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenomegaly. Histological analyses revealed parasitophorous vacuoles of Rangelia vitalii in cytoplasmic endothelial cells, mainly in the heart, kidneys, lymph nodes, intestines, and pancreas. Inflammation characterized by mononuclear cells was predominant in the analysis, and most was due to the presence of plasma cells. Other lesion types observed were lymphoid hyperplasia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, erythrophagocytosis, and erythroid lineage hyperplasia in bone marrow. Of the total number of animals, 49 were diagnosed using necropsy and histological analysis, and seven were diagnosed using a molecular analysis (i.e., PCR and genetic sequencing of blood samples). This paper presented a different method of diagnosing rangeliosis in canines. This approach involved histological methods including the quantification and determination of the intensity and distribution of the infectious agent in different organs.(AU)


No período de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2015, 56 caninos domésticos obtiveram o diagnóstico de rangeliose no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Os cães apresentaram sinais de apatia, anorexia, diarreia fétida e sanguinolenta, êmese e desidratação. As principais alterações hematológicas foram trombocitopenia e anemia. Na necropsia as principais alterações foram icterícia, esplenomegalia, hepatomegalia e linfadenomegalia. Na análise histológica observou-se vacúolos parasitóforos de Rangelia vitalii no citoplasma de células endoteliais, principalmente no coração, rins, linfonodos, intestinos e pâncreas. A inflamação mononuclear foi predominante na análise, sendo que a maioria deu-se pela presença de plasmócitos. Entre outras lesões frequentemente observadas estão hiperplasia linfoide, hematopoiese extramedular e eritrofagocitose, e hiperplasia de linhagem eritroide em medula óssea. Do total, 49 cães foram diagnosticados através de necropsia e análise histológica, e 7 animais através de análise molecular da PCR e sequenciamento genético de amostras de sangue. Este trabalho apresenta um diagnóstico diferencial de rangeliose em caninos, através do método histológico de quantificação e determinação de intensidade e distribuição do agente em diferentes órgãos.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/diagnóstico , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Brasil
6.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 43(supl): 1-7, Feb. 6, 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-13379

Resumo

Background: Scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) that affects sheep flocks and goat herds. The transfer of animals or groups of these between sheep farms is associated with increased numbers of infected animals and with the susceptibility or the resistance to natural or classical scrapie form. Although several aspects linked to the etiology of the natural form of this infection remain unclarified, the role of an important genetic control in scrapie incidence has been proposed. Polymorphisms of the PrP gene (prion protein, or simply prion), mainly in codons 136, 154, and 171, have been associated with the risk of scrapie.Case: One animal from a group of 292 sheep was diagnosed positive for scrapie in the municipality of Valparaíso, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The group was part of a flock of 811 free-range, mixed-breed Suffolk sheep of the two genders and ages between 2 and 7 years from different Brazilian regions. Blood was collected for genotyping (for codons 136, 141, 154 and 171), and the third lid and rectal mucosa were sampled for immunohistochemistry (IHC) for scrapie, from all 292 animals of the group. IHC revealed that seven (2.4%) animals were positive for the disease. Collection of samples was repeated for 90 animals, among which the seven individuals diagnosed positive and 83 other animals that had some degree of kinship with those. These 90 she...(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Encefalopatias/veterinária , Ovinos , Proteínas Priônicas/genética , Haplótipos , Doenças Priônicas/veterinária
7.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 36(2): 849-862, mar.-abr. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-30008

Resumo

Scrapie is a disease that affects sheep and goats and is characterized by the accumulation of an abnormal isoform (PrPSc) of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, in the central nervous system (CNS) and in lymphoid tissues. Detection of PrPSc in these tissues can be attempted by a variety of techniques, including immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB), for which a wide range of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are commercially available. The objective of this study was to test and compare the efficacy of monoclonal antibodiesF89/160.1.5, F99/97.6.1, and P4 and polyclonal antibodies M52 and R486 in the detection of PrPSc in lymphoid and CNS tissue samples by using IHC. Positive and negative control samples of sheep brain and tonsils were provided by the Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA, UK). The IHC examination of CNS samples with both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies confirmed the granular deposition of PrPSc in the neurons of the positive control tissues. However, while the monoclonal antibodies did not produce positive reactions in the negative controls, the polyclonal antibodies showed some non-specific staining. The testing of positive control tonsil samples with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies identified positive control-specific reactions, whereas the negative control tissues were IHC-negative with all antibodies, although P4...(AU)


Scrapie é uma doença que afeta ovinos e caprinos, sendo definida pelo acúmulo de uma isoforma anormal (PrPSc) da proteína priônica celular (PrPC) no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) e em tecidos linfoides. Para as técnicas de eleição do diagnóstico de scrapie, imunohistoquímica (IHQ) e western blotting (WB), podem ser utilizados uma vasta gama de anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais comercialmente disponíveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar e comparar a eficácia dos anticorpos monoclonais disponíveis comercialmente, F89/160.1.5, F99/97.6.1 e P4, e os anticorpos policlonais R486 e M52, para a identificação da presença da PrPSc em amostras de tecido linfoide e SNC através da técnica de IHQ. Foram utilizadas nas avaliações de IHQ amostras positivas e negativas de cérebro e tonsila palatina de ovinos, cedidas pelo Animal Health Veterinary Laboratory Agency (AHVLA), Reino Unido. Para WB, foram utilizadas amostras de encéfalo, baço, linfonodo, terceira pálpebra e mucosa retal de ovino. As análises IHQ utilizando anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais em amostras positivas de cérebro confirmaram a deposição da PrPSc em neurônios, caracterizada por marcações de aspecto granular intraneural. Na amostra negativa de cérebro, os anticorpos monoclonais não identificaram marcações positivas, o que foi possível verificar ao utilizar os anticorpos policlonais. Testando a amostra positiva de...(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Scrapie/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Ovinos , Anticorpos Monoclonais
8.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 43(supl): 1-7, Aug. 14, 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1457383

Resumo

Background: Scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) that affects sheep flocks and goat herds. The transfer of animals or groups of these between sheep farms is associated with increased numbers of infected animals and with the susceptibility or the resistance to natural or classical scrapie form. Although several aspects linked to the etiology of the natural form of this infection remain unclarified, the role of an important genetic control in scrapie incidence has been proposed. Polymorphisms of the PrP gene (prion protein, or simply prion), mainly in codons 136, 154, and 171, have been associated with the risk of scrapie.Case: One animal from a group of 292 sheep was diagnosed positive for scrapie in the municipality of Valparaíso, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The group was part of a flock of 811 free-range, mixed-breed Suffolk sheep of the two genders and ages between 2 and 7 years from different Brazilian regions. Blood was collected for genotyping (for codons 136, 141, 154 and 171), and the third lid and rectal mucosa were sampled for immunohistochemistry (IHC) for scrapie, from all 292 animals of the group. IHC revealed that seven (2.4%) animals were positive for the disease. Collection of samples was repeated for 90 animals, among which the seven individuals diagnosed positive and 83 other animals that had some degree of kinship with those. These 90 she...


Assuntos
Animais , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Encefalopatias/veterinária , Haplótipos , Ovinos , Proteínas Priônicas/genética , Doenças Priônicas/veterinária
9.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 40(4): Pub. 1070, 2012. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1377682

Resumo

Background: Pneumocystis constitutes a highly diversified biological group, with numerous species, which are strongly host-specific and well adapted to live inside the lungs of a diverse range of mammals. The detection of DNA from Pneumocystis in clinical specimens by PCR assays is leading to important advances in pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis and its epidemiology. The aim of this study was to analyze two different diagnostic methods, real-time PCR (qPCR) using primers based in the Major Surface Glycoprotein (MSG) of Pneumocystis sp. and conventional nested PCR using primers designed to the small subunit of mitochondrial rRNA (mtSSU rRNA) for detection of Pneumocystis DNA in lung tissue from bats. Materials, Methods & Results: Bats (195 samples) were captured (2007-2009) in caves, forests, and urban areas, were obtained from the Program of Rabies Control of two states in Brazil: Mato Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul, located respectively in the Mid-Western and Southern regions of the country approximately 2000 km apart. Lung tissue (250 mg) was finely minced, homogenized with crushing and DNA extraction was carried out with commercial kit. DNA samples the lung tissue of bats were analyzed by nested PCR, using oligonucleotide primers designed for the gene encoding the mitochondrial small subunit rRNA (mtSSU rRNA) and Taqman probe and primers for qPCR were selected based on the Major Surface Glycoprotein (MSG) of Pneumocystis sp. Chi-square (P < 0.001 was considered signifi cant) and the McNemar's test was used to analyze nested PCR and qPCR as methods of detection of Pneumocystis sp. and the Kappa was calculated by Win Episcope 2.0. To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the qPCR assay, a nested PCR assay was considered as the reference method. The positivity was 36.4% in the nested PCR and 24.1% using the qPCR. Concordance was obtained in 68.2% of the samples (133/195). It was demonstrated that there was no statistically significant difference between the techniques used and, both tests proved to be specific for the detection of Pneumocystis species. Specificity was 71% for the nested PCR and 84.6% for the qPCR. Pneumocystis was detected (71/195) by the nested PCR assay in 14 species:. Tadarida brasiliensis, Histiotus velatus, Desmodus rotundus, Molossus molossus, Glossophaga soricina, Nyctinomops laticaudatus, Promops nasutus, Artibeus sp., Eptesocus furinalus, Lasurus blossevillii, Molossus currentium, Molossus rufus, Myotis levis and Nyctinomops macrotis. Discussion: This study detected the DNA from Pneumocystis through the nested PCR and qPCR assays, and the frequency found is comparable to that obtained in a previous study, which used the nested PCR in Central American, South American and European countries. Pneumocystis sp. was observed in a high number of different bat species (14) in two Brazilian States (RS and MT). The qPCR showed a higher specificity in comparison to the nested PCR. The literature has similar findings to the results obtained by this research, employing the same tests and genes. The nested PCR and qPCR assays are indicated in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis sp. in bats and it is important to highlight that a better diagnostic precision is achieved with the association of both tests. Additionally, this study was the first to detect Pneumocystis sp. in the lungs of bats using qPCR.


Assuntos
Animais , Pneumocystis/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/veterinária , Quirópteros , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Genes de RNAr , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária , Pulmão
10.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 31(10): 893-898, Oct. 2011. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-1447

Resumo

Scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of sheeps and goats, associated with the deposition of a isoform of the prion protein (PrPsc). This isoform presents an altered conformation that leads to aggregation in the host's central nervous and lymphoreticular systems. Predisposition to the prion agent infection can be influenced by specific genotypes related to mutations in amino acids of the PrPsc gene. The most characterized mutations occur at codons 136, 154 and 171, with genotypes VRQ being the most susceptible and ARR the most resistant. In this study we have analyzed polymorphisms in 15 different codons of the PrPsc gene in sheeps from a Suffolk herd from Brazil affected by an outbreak of classical scrapie. Amplicons from the PrPsc gene, encompassing the most relevant altered codons in the protein, were sequenced in order to determine each animal's genotype. We have found polymorphisms at 3 of the 15 analyzed codons (136, 143 and 171). The most variable codon was 171, where all described alleles were identified. A rare polymorphism was found at the 143 codon in 4 percent of the samples analyzed, which has been described as increasing scrapie resistance in otherwise susceptible animals. No other polymorphisms were detected in the remaining 12 analyzed codons, all of them corresponding to the wild-type prion protein. Regarding the risk degree of developing scrapie, most of the animals (96 percent) had genotypes corresponding to risk groups 1 to 3 (very low to moderate), with only 4 percent in the higher risks group. Our data is discussed in relation to preventive measures involving genotyping and positive selection to control the disease.(AU)


Scrapie é uma encefalopatia espongiforme transmissível de ovinos e caprinos, associado a deposição da isoforma da proteína priônica (PrPsc). Essa isoforma apresenta uma alteração conformacional que leva ao acúmulo da proteína no sistema nervoso central e linforeticular do hospedeiro. A predisposição a infecção pelo agente priônico pode ser influenciado por genótipos específicos relacionados a mutações na sequência de aminoácidos do gene PrPsc. As principais mutações caracterizadas ocorrem nos códons 136, 154 e 171, sendo o genótipo VRQ o mais suscetível e o genótipo ARR o mais resistente. Nesse estudo nós analisamos os polimorfismos de 15 códons diferentes da gene PrPsc em ovinos de um rebanho da raça Suffolk no Brasil afetado com scrapie clássico. Os amplicons do gene da PrPsc, que contem os códons mais frequentemente encontrados foram sequenciados para determinar o genótipo de cada animal. Nós encontramos 3 polimorfismos do 15 códons analisados (136, 143 e 171). O códon que mais teve variações foi o códon 171, onde todos os alelos foram identificados. Um polimorfismo raro foi encontrado no códon 143, em 4 por cento das amostras analisadas, o qual tem sido descrito por aumentar a resistência a scrapie em animais suscetíveis. Nenhum outro polimorfismo foi detectado nos 12 códons restantes, todos então, correspondendo à proteína priônica selvagem. De acordo com a grau de risco a desenvolver scrapie, a maioria dos animais (96 por cento) tiveram genótipo correspondentes aos grupos de risco 1 a 3 (muito baixo a moderado), e somente 4 por cento no grupo de risco alto. Nossos dados discutem a relação das medidas de prevenção envolvendo a genotipagem e a seleção positiva para o controle da doença.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Encefalopatias/veterinária , Scrapie/transmissão , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Ovinos , Códon , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária
11.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 36(2): 849-862, 2015. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1499888

Resumo

Scrapie is a disease that affects sheep and goats and is characterized by the accumulation of an abnormal isoform (PrPSc) of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, in the central nervous system (CNS) and in lymphoid tissues. Detection of PrPSc in these tissues can be attempted by a variety of techniques, including immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB), for which a wide range of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are commercially available. The objective of this study was to test and compare the efficacy of monoclonal antibodiesF89/160.1.5, F99/97.6.1, and P4 and polyclonal antibodies M52 and R486 in the detection of PrPSc in lymphoid and CNS tissue samples by using IHC. Positive and negative control samples of sheep brain and tonsils were provided by the Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA, UK). The IHC examination of CNS samples with both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies confirmed the granular deposition of PrPSc in the neurons of the positive control tissues. However, while the monoclonal antibodies did not produce positive reactions in the negative controls, the polyclonal antibodies showed some non-specific staining. The testing of positive control tonsil samples with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies identified positive control-specific reactions, whereas the negative control tissues were IHC-negative with all antibodies, although P4...


Scrapie é uma doença que afeta ovinos e caprinos, sendo definida pelo acúmulo de uma isoforma anormal (PrPSc) da proteína priônica celular (PrPC) no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) e em tecidos linfoides. Para as técnicas de eleição do diagnóstico de scrapie, imunohistoquímica (IHQ) e western blotting (WB), podem ser utilizados uma vasta gama de anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais comercialmente disponíveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar e comparar a eficácia dos anticorpos monoclonais disponíveis comercialmente, F89/160.1.5, F99/97.6.1 e P4, e os anticorpos policlonais R486 e M52, para a identificação da presença da PrPSc em amostras de tecido linfoide e SNC através da técnica de IHQ. Foram utilizadas nas avaliações de IHQ amostras positivas e negativas de cérebro e tonsila palatina de ovinos, cedidas pelo Animal Health Veterinary Laboratory Agency (AHVLA), Reino Unido. Para WB, foram utilizadas amostras de encéfalo, baço, linfonodo, terceira pálpebra e mucosa retal de ovino. As análises IHQ utilizando anticorpos monoclonais e policlonais em amostras positivas de cérebro confirmaram a deposição da PrPSc em neurônios, caracterizada por marcações de aspecto granular intraneural. Na amostra negativa de cérebro, os anticorpos monoclonais não identificaram marcações positivas, o que foi possível verificar ao utilizar os anticorpos policlonais. Testando a amostra positiva de...


Assuntos
Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Doenças dos Ovinos , Scrapie/diagnóstico
12.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 54(1): e20220633, 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1437932

Resumo

Scrapie is a contagious disease of sheep and goats caused by prions (PrPSc). This study described an outbreak of Scrapie in sheep in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. An 1-year and 3-month-old sheep developed clinical signs characterized by motor incoordination of the pelvic limbs, pruritus and alopecia for three days. The 38 sheep from the flock that were over 1 year of age underwent biopsies of the third eyelid and rectal mucosa, in addition to anti-PrPsc immunohistochemistry (IHC). Blood containing EDTA was collected for PRNP gene genotyping from these sheep. Of the 38, 16 (42.10%) had immunostaining againstPrPSc. IHC-positive animals were euthanized and necropsied, as well as lambs from positive mothers. Different organs of the 19 necropsied animals were collected in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological examination and anti-PrPSc IHC of the obex. The histopathology of the obex of the female with neurological signs presented discrete multifocal vacuolization of the cytoplasm of neurons and neuropil. The anti-PrPSc IHC showed that two out of the 19 obex samples had cytoplasmic immunostaining in neurons. The genotypes reported were ARQ/ARQ in 47.36%, ARR/ARQ in 36.84%, ARQ/VRQ in 10.52% and ARQ/VRR in 5.28%. The genotyping helps to identify susceptible animals and select animals more resistant to the development of Scrapie. The anti-PrPSc IHC from lymphoid biopsies, and genotyping demonstrated the high number of positive sheep classified in susceptible group.


Scrapie é uma doença contagiosa de ovinos e caprinos causada por príons (PrPSc). O objetivo desse estudo é descrever um surto de Scrapie em ovinos no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Uma ovelha de 1 ano e 3 meses desenvolveu sinais clínicos caracterizados por incoordenação motora dos membros pélvicos, prurido e alopecia durante três dias. Os 38 ovinos do rebanho que tinham idade acima de 1 ano foram submetidos a biópsias de terceira pálpebra e mucosa retal, além de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) anti-PrPsc. Coletou-se sangue contendo EDTA para genotipagem do gene prnp destes ovinos. Dos 38 ovinos, 16 (42,10%) apresentaram imunomarcação na avaliação IHQ anti-PrPsc. Os animais positivos na IHQ foram eutanasiados e necropsiados, bem como os cordeiros das mães positivas. Diferentes órgãos dos 19 animais necropsiados foram coletados em formalina tamponada a 10% para exame histopatológico e IHQ anti-PrPsc do óbex. Na histopatologia do óbex da fêmea com sinal neurológico havia vacuolização do citoplasma de neurônios e neurópilo multifocal discreta. Na IHQ anti-PrPsc das 19 amostras de óbex, dois apresentaram imunomarcação citoplasmática em neurônios. Os genótipos encontrados foram ARQ/ARQ em 47,36%, ARR/ARQ em 36,84%, ARQ/VRQ em 10,52% e ARQ/VRR em 5,28%. A genotipagem auxilia a identificar os animais susceptíveis e seleciona animais mais resistentes ao desenvolvimento do Scrapie. A IHQ anti-PrPsc de biópsias de tecidos linfoides e a genotipagem demonstram o elevado número de ovinos positivos classificados no grupo susceptível.


Assuntos
Animais , Scrapie/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Ovinos , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Doenças Priônicas/veterinária , Técnicas de Genotipagem/veterinária
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