Application of a meshed skin graft in the surgical bed immediately after resection of neurofibrosarcoma in the distal limb region of a dog

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are neurogenic neoplasms that originate from cells that surroundthe axons of peripheral nerves. Surgery is the treatment of choice for peripheral nerve sheath tumors. They have a betterprognosis when the lesion is in the extremity of a limb and the surgeon leaves wide peripheral margins after resection.However, this procedure makes local treatment a challenge due to difficult wound healing in this region. This report describes a successful case involving the use of a meshed skin graft immediately after resection of a neurofibrosarcoma inthe distal region of the radius bone of a dog.Case: A 6-year-old Boxer bitch weighing 40 kg was admitted with a history of a round, firm, non-ulcerated skin noduleattached to the lateral side of the distal region of the right radius bone, which had been present for about 40 days. Fineneedle aspiration cytology of the lesion showed the presence of mesenchymal cells, suggesting a sarcoma. Thus, the decision was made for an incisional biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and for the preparation of a subdermal pattern tubular flapfor subsequent rotation and transposition to close the wound that would be formed after the complete removal of the lesion.After the 7th postoperative day, the diagnosis of low-grade neurofibrosarcoma was confirmed and due to the presence ofnecrotic onset in the middle portion of the tubular flap, further surgical intervention was scheduled for the resection of thetube flap, en bloc removal of the neoplastic lesion with peripheral margins of 2 cm, and wound closure with a free skingraft. A mesh skin graft was made with a portion of the right flank skin. The mesh graft was carefully implanted on therecipient bed using simple interrupted sutures with a 3-0 non-absorbable monofilament suture material. A dressing madewith water-based sterile lubricating solution and...

Application of a meshed skin graft in the surgical bed immediately after resection of neurofibrosarcoma in the distal limb region of a dog

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are neurogenic neoplasms that originate from cells that surroundthe axons of peripheral nerves. Surgery is the treatment of choice for peripheral nerve sheath tumors. They have a betterprognosis when the lesion is in the extremity of a limb and the surgeon leaves wide peripheral margins after resection.However, this procedure makes local treatment a challenge due to difficult wound healing in this region. This report describes a successful case involving the use of a meshed skin graft immediately after resection of a neurofibrosarcoma inthe distal region of the radius bone of a dog.Case: A 6-year-old Boxer bitch weighing 40 kg was admitted with a history of a round, firm, non-ulcerated skin noduleattached to the lateral side of the distal region of the right radius bone, which had been present for about 40 days. Fineneedle aspiration cytology of the lesion showed the presence of mesenchymal cells, suggesting a sarcoma. Thus, the decision was made for an incisional biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and for the preparation of a subdermal pattern tubular flapfor subsequent rotation and transposition to close the wound that would be formed after the complete removal of the lesion.After the 7th postoperative day, the diagnosis of low-grade neurofibrosarcoma was confirmed and due to the presence ofnecrotic onset in the middle portion of the tubular flap, further surgical intervention was scheduled for the resection of thetube flap, en bloc removal of the neoplastic lesion with peripheral margins of 2 cm, and wound closure with a free skingraft. A mesh skin graft was made with a portion of the right flank skin. The mesh graft was carefully implanted on therecipient bed using simple interrupted sutures with a 3-0 non-absorbable monofilament suture material. A dressing madewith water-based sterile lubricating solution and...(AU)

Evaluation of hemostasis in female dogs with mammary carcinoma and the influence of clinical stage and histopathological grade

Background: Mammary tumors are frequent in female dogs, and are biologically similar in female dogs and humans.Hemostatic disorders are common in humans with cancer, and the mechanisms that conduct coagulation activation involvetissue and cancer procoagulant factors and inflammatory cytokines. Despite the importance of coagulopathy diagnosis thatevaluate hemostasis, veterinarians rarely request such tests in routine clinical oncology. This study aimed to investigate thepossible hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary carcinomas and assess any associations with prognosticfactors for mammary cancer in female dogs.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 62 female dogs were selected for inclusion in this study regardless of age or breed.The control group consisted of 30 healthy dogs, and the carcinoma group consisted of 32 dogs with a histopathologicaldiagnosis of mammary carcinoma that was free of distant metastases and comorbidities that could interfere with the hemostatic system integrity. The dogs with mammary carcinoma were divided into subgroups according to their histologicaltype, histopathological grading, tumor size, and clinical stage of the disease (TNM) to evaluate the relationships betweenthe subgroups and hemostatic parameters (blood platelet counts, prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastintime [aPTT], and plasma fibrinogen concentration). The hemostatic parameters were significantly higher in the carcinomagroup than in the control group (P ≤ 0.05). These findings indicate that there is a strong association between the occurrenceof mammary carcinoma and abnormal hemostatic parameters...

Evaluation of hemostasis in female dogs with mammary carcinoma and the influence of clinical stage and histopathological grade

Background: Mammary tumors are frequent in female dogs, and are biologically similar in female dogs and humans.Hemostatic disorders are common in humans with cancer, and the mechanisms that conduct coagulation activation involvetissue and cancer procoagulant factors and inflammatory cytokines. Despite the importance of coagulopathy diagnosis thatevaluate hemostasis, veterinarians rarely request such tests in routine clinical oncology. This study aimed to investigate thepossible hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary carcinomas and assess any associations with prognosticfactors for mammary cancer in female dogs.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 62 female dogs were selected for inclusion in this study regardless of age or breed.The control group consisted of 30 healthy dogs, and the carcinoma group consisted of 32 dogs with a histopathologicaldiagnosis of mammary carcinoma that was free of distant metastases and comorbidities that could interfere with the hemostatic system integrity. The dogs with mammary carcinoma were divided into subgroups according to their histologicaltype, histopathological grading, tumor size, and clinical stage of the disease (TNM) to evaluate the relationships betweenthe subgroups and hemostatic parameters (blood platelet counts, prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastintime [aPTT], and plasma fibrinogen concentration). The hemostatic parameters were significantly higher in the carcinomagroup than in the control group (P ≤ 0.05). These findings indicate that there is a strong association between the occurrenceof mammary carcinoma and abnormal hemostatic parameters...(AU)

Effects of Mikania glomerata leaf extract on experimental Bothropoides jararaca envenomation in Wistar rats

Background: Bothropic envenomation represents the most common ophidic accident worldwide, compared to other snakebites of medical interest. Bothropic venom has proteolytic, vasculotoxic, clotting and/or hemorrhagic actions in animals and humans. Mikania glomerata is a plant found in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with interesting medical properties that may be useful in ameliorating the effects of ophidic venom, and thus, improving response and outcome. Although Mikania is known to act through inhibition of cytolysins in the venom, there is a lack of consistent research data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of M. glomerata in bothropic envenomation treatment. Materials, Methods & Results: Clinical, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations were performed following Bothropoides jararaca experimental envenomation in three groups of 18 Wistar rats each. Group VS was inoculated in the pelvic limb via intramuscular injection of bothropic venom and received specific anti-venom serum via intraperitoneal injection. Group VSM was similarly inoculated; it received anti-venom serum and a 10% aqueous extract of the Mikania glomerata plant orally. Group C was the control group and received saline solution alone. Evaluations were performed at 0.5 h (M1), 6 h (M2), and 24 h (M3) after venom inoculation. Animals from both inoculated groups (VS and VSM) showed significant clinical alterations (P < 0.05) manifested as discomfort, uneasiness, pain, and severe edema compared to control animals. Animals from inoculated groups also exhibited statistically significant leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatine kinase until 6 h after inoculation (P < 0.05 compared to control animals). An acute drop in body temperature was observed 6 h after inoculation (P < 0.05). [...](AU)

Effects of Mikania glomerata leaf extract on experimental Bothropoides jararaca envenomation in Wistar rats

Background: Bothropic envenomation represents the most common ophidic accident worldwide, compared to other snakebites of medical interest. Bothropic venom has proteolytic, vasculotoxic, clotting and/or hemorrhagic actions in animals and humans. Mikania glomerata is a plant found in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with interesting medical properties that may be useful in ameliorating the effects of ophidic venom, and thus, improving response and outcome. Although Mikania is known to act through inhibition of cytolysins in the venom, there is a lack of consistent research data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of M. glomerata in bothropic envenomation treatment. Materials, Methods & Results: Clinical, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations were performed following Bothropoides jararaca experimental envenomation in three groups of 18 Wistar rats each. Group VS was inoculated in the pelvic limb via intramuscular injection of bothropic venom and received specific anti-venom serum via intraperitoneal injection. Group VSM was similarly inoculated; it received anti-venom serum and a 10% aqueous extract of the Mikania glomerata plant orally. Group C was the control group and received saline solution alone. Evaluations were performed at 0.5 h (M1), 6 h (M2), and 24 h (M3) after venom inoculation. Animals from both inoculated groups (VS and VSM) showed significant clinical alterations (P < 0.05) manifested as discomfort, uneasiness, pain, and severe edema compared to control animals. Animals from inoculated groups also exhibited statistically significant leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatine kinase until 6 h after inoculation (P < 0.05 compared to control animals). An acute drop in body temperature was observed 6 h after inoculation (P < 0.05). [...]

Dogs poisoned with Nerium oleander fresh leaves: clinical and electrocardiographic findings / Cães intoxicados com folhas frescas de Nerium oleander: achados clínicos e eletrocardiográficos

Nerium oleander is distributed worldwide, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. These shrubs are frequently used as ornamental plants. However, they contain more than 30 cardiac glycosides that can cause serious toxic effects in dogs. The objective of this study was to report the clinical and electrocardiographic alterations in dogs experimentally poisoned with N. oleander. Ten adult, healthy, mixed-breed dogs weighing 10-25kg and aged 3-6 years were selected for the study. We orally administered 0.25g kg-1 of fresh ground leaves of N. oleander to the dogs. No dog died after the ingestion, but all exhibited signs of poisoning such as vomiting, sialorrhea, nausea, apathy, conjunctiva congestion, dehydration, abdominal pain, tremors, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and tenesmus. Electrocardiogram revealed occurrence of several types of arrhythmias: sinus bradycardia, second-degree atrioventricular block, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular premature complexes. Systolic blood pressure, as well as heart rate, decreased in the first 24 hours. The present study concluded that a single dose of 0.25g kg-1 of N. oleander green leaves is sufficient to cause a moderate intoxication in dogs, with nonspecific clinical changes mainly related to the digestive system and heart rate, thus demonstrating the importance of this type of intoxication in the list of differential diagnoses of small animals routine.

O Nerium oleander é uma planta com ampla distribuição mundial, principalmente em regiões tropicais e subtropicais. Esses arbustos são frequentemente usados como plantas ornamentais e possuem mais de 30 glicosídeos cardíacos causadores do quadro clínico de intoxicação em caninos. Sabendo-se disso, este artigo teve por objetivo a avaliar as alterações clínicas e eletrocardiográficas, nos animais intoxicados experimentalmente com N. oleander. Foram utilizados 10 cães adultos, hígidos, sem raça definida, com 10 a 25kg de peso, de 3 a 6 anos de idade. Os animais receberam uma única dose de 0,25g kg-1 de peso, de folhas frescas de N. oleander. Nenhum dos animais do experimento veio a óbito. Os sinais clínicos observados foram vômito, sialorréia, náuseas, apatia, conjuntiva ocular congesta, desidratação, dor abdominal, tremores, diarreia, inapetência e tenesmo. Pela análise do eletrocardiograma encontraram-se arritmias como: bradicardia sinusal, bloqueios atrioventriculares de segundo grau, taquicardia ventricular paroxística e complexo ventricular prematuro. A pressão arterial sistólica diminui nas primeiras 24 horas, assim como a frequência cardíaca. Concluiu-se com o presente estudo que uma única dose de 0,25g kg-1 de folhas verdes de N. oleander é suficiente para causar um quadro moderado de intoxicação em cães, com alterações clínicas inespecíficas principalmente relacionadas ao sistema digestório e no ritmo cardíaco, mostrando a importância deste tipo de intoxicação na lista de diagnósticos diferenciais da rotina de pequenos animais.

Dogs poisoned with Nerium oleander fresh leaves: clinical and electrocardiographic findings / Cães intoxicados com folhas frescas de Nerium oleander: achados clínicos e eletrocardiográficos

Nerium oleander is distributed worldwide, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. These shrubs are frequently used as ornamental plants. However, they contain more than 30 cardiac glycosides that can cause serious toxic effects in dogs. The objective of this study was to report the clinical and electrocardiographic alterations in dogs experimentally poisoned with N. oleander. Ten adult, healthy, mixed-breed dogs weighing 10-25kg and aged 3-6 years were selected for the study. We orally administered 0.25g kg-1 of fresh ground leaves of N. oleander to the dogs. No dog died after the ingestion, but all exhibited signs of poisoning such as vomiting, sialorrhea, nausea, apathy, conjunctiva congestion, dehydration, abdominal pain, tremors, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and tenesmus. Electrocardiogram revealed occurrence of several types of arrhythmias: sinus bradycardia, second-degree atrioventricular block, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular premature complexes. Systolic blood pressure, as well as heart rate, decreased in the first 24 hours. The present study concluded that a single dose of 0.25g kg-1 of N. oleander green leaves is sufficient to cause a moderate intoxication in dogs, with nonspecific clinical changes mainly related to the digestive system and heart rate, thus demonstrating the importance of this type of intoxication in the list of differential diagnoses of small animals routine.(AU)

O Nerium oleander é uma planta com ampla distribuição mundial, principalmente em regiões tropicais e subtropicais. Esses arbustos são frequentemente usados como plantas ornamentais e possuem mais de 30 glicosídeos cardíacos causadores do quadro clínico de intoxicação em caninos. Sabendo-se disso, este artigo teve por objetivo a avaliar as alterações clínicas e eletrocardiográficas, nos animais intoxicados experimentalmente com N. oleander. Foram utilizados 10 cães adultos, hígidos, sem raça definida, com 10 a 25kg de peso, de 3 a 6 anos de idade. Os animais receberam uma única dose de 0,25g kg-1 de peso, de folhas frescas de N. oleander. Nenhum dos animais do experimento veio a óbito. Os sinais clínicos observados foram vômito, sialorréia, náuseas, apatia, conjuntiva ocular congesta, desidratação, dor abdominal, tremores, diarreia, inapetência e tenesmo. Pela análise do eletrocardiograma encontraram-se arritmias como: bradicardia sinusal, bloqueios atrioventriculares de segundo grau, taquicardia ventricular paroxística e complexo ventricular prematuro. A pressão arterial sistólica diminui nas primeiras 24 horas, assim como a frequência cardíaca. Concluiu-se com o presente estudo que uma única dose de 0,25g kg-1 de folhas verdes de N. oleander é suficiente para causar um quadro moderado de intoxicação em cães, com alterações clínicas inespecíficas principalmente relacionadas ao sistema digestório e no ritmo cardíaco, mostrando a importância deste tipo de intoxicação na lista de diagnósticos diferenciais da rotina de pequenos animais.(AU)

Distocia em coelha (Oryctolagus cuniculus) infanta da raça anão-holandês relato de caso / Dystocia in young dutch dwarf rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) case report / Distocia en una coneja europea enana (Oryctolagus cuniculus) relato de caso

A aquisição de coelhos como animais de estimação ganhou destaque nos últimos anos no Brasil, e houve também aumento da casuística de atendimentos em clínicas veterinárias para essa espécie animal. As enfermidades reprodutivas são de baixa ocorrência em publicações científicas, sendo raros os casos descritos de distocia e morte fetal. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever um caso de distocia em uma coelha de 75 dias de idade, que foi atendida com a queixa de secreção vaginal purulenta e inapetência. Após o exame físico e a realização de exame radiográfico, o animal foi diagnosticado com distocia e encaminhado para a realização de ovariossalpingo-histerectomia (OSH). O diagnóstico preciso, a intervenção imediata e o tratamento adequado foram imprescindíveis para a rápida melhora clínica do animal durante o pós-operatório. (AU)

Rabbits are becoming common as pets in Brazil , and veterinarians are seeing an increased demand for clinical treatment of their species. Reproductive diseases in rabbits are rarely described in veterinary literature, with few cases of dystocia and fetal death reported. We report a case of dystocia in a 75 days old rabbit presented with a history of purulent vaginal discharge and loss of appetite. Dystocia was diagnosed by physical and radiographic examination, and ovariohisterectomy was recommended. Accurate diagnosis, immediate intervention and adequate treatment resulted in good postoperative outcome.(AU)

La adopción de conejos como animales de compañía ha crecido durante los últimos años en Brasil, así como también lo ha hecho el número de consultas en clínicas veterinarias. Las enfermedades reproductivas son poco relatadas en las publicaciones científicas, con raras descripciones de distocia y muerte fetal. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir un caso de distocia en una coneja de 75 días que llegó a consulta por presentar secreción vaginal purulenta y falta de apetito. Después del examen físico y radiográfico, fue diagnosticado un cuadro de distocia , por lo que la paciente fue derivada para la realización de una ovariohisterectomía. Un diagnóstico preciso, la rápida intervención y el tratamiento adecuado resultaron fundamentales para la rápida mejora de la paciente durante el postoperatorio.(AU)

Distocia em coelha (Oryctolagus cuniculus) infanta da raça anão-holandês – relato de caso / Dystocia in young dutch dwarf rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) – case report / Distocia en una coneja europea enana (Oryctolagus cuniculus) – relato de caso

A aquisição de coelhos como animais de estimação ganhou destaque nos últimos anos no Brasil, e houve também aumento da casuística de atendimentos em clínicas veterinárias para essa espécie animal. As enfermidades reprodutivas são de baixa ocorrência em publicações científicas, sendo raros os casos descritos de distocia e morte fetal. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever um caso de distocia em uma coelha de 75 dias de idade, que foi atendida com a queixa de secreção vaginal purulenta e inapetência. Após o exame físico e a realização de exame radiográfico, o animal foi diagnosticado com distocia e encaminhado para a realização de ovariossalpingo-histerectomia (OSH). O diagnóstico preciso, a intervenção imediata e o tratamento adequado foram imprescindíveis para a rápida melhora clínica do animal durante o pós-operatório.

Rabbits are becoming common as pets in Brazil , and veterinarians are seeing an increased demand for clinical treatment of their species. Reproductive diseases in rabbits are rarely described in veterinary literature, with few cases of dystocia and fetal death reported. We report a case of dystocia in a 75 days old rabbit presented with a history of purulent vaginal discharge and loss of appetite. Dystocia was diagnosed by physical and radiographic examination, and ovariohisterectomy was recommended. Accurate diagnosis, immediate intervention and adequate treatment resulted in good postoperative outcome.

La adopción de conejos como animales de compañía ha crecido durante los últimos años en Brasil, así como también lo ha hecho el número de consultas en clínicas veterinarias. Las enfermedades reproductivas son poco relatadas en las publicaciones científicas, con raras descripciones de distocia y muerte fetal. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir un caso de distocia en una coneja de 75 días que llegó a consulta por presentar secreción vaginal purulenta y falta de apetito. Después del examen físico y radiográfico, fue diagnosticado un cuadro de distocia , por lo que la paciente fue derivada para la realización de una ovariohisterectomía. Un diagnóstico preciso, la rápida intervención y el tratamiento adecuado resultaron fundamentales para la rápida mejora de la paciente durante el postoperatorio.

Avaliações hematológicas e bioquímicas do uso de diclofenaco de sódio, meloxicam e firocoxibe em ratos / Evaluations hematological and biochemical by the use of sodium diclofenac, meloxicam and firocoxib in rats

O presente trabalho avaliou os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos do uso de diclofenaco de sódio, meloxicam e firocoxibe em ratos Wistar. Os ratos foram distribuídos em grupos: G1 (controle), G2 (diclofenaco de sódio: 15 mg/kg), G3 (meloxicam: 2,0 mg/ kg), G4 (meloxicam: 10,0 mg/ kg), G5 (firocoxibe: 5,0 mg/ kg) e G6 (firocoxibe: 25,0 mg/ kg). Os fármacos foram administrados por via intragástrica (gavage) a cada 24 horas, durante cinco dias e avaliados em três momentos: M1 (48 horas após o início do tratamento), M2 (96 horas após o início do tratamento) e M3 (72 horas após o término do tratamento). Em cada momento de cada grupo, foram avaliados de cinco a sete animais e realizados os exames laboratoriais. Não foram observadas alterações significativas nos parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos com o uso de meloxicam e firocoxibe. O diclofenaco de sódio produziu alterações no eritrograma (redução de hemácias, hematócrito e na taxa de hemoglobina) durante o tratamento e não alterou a contagem das plaquetas e leucometria, com exceção dos basófilos. Não produziu alterações nas atividades de AST, FA, GGT, ureia, creatinina, sódio e potássio. Entretanto, causou diminuições das proteínas plasmática e total sérica, albumina e globulina. Conclui-se que o diclofenaco de sódio não produz grandes alterações no hemograma e exames bioquímicos, enquanto que, o meloxicame o firocoxibe não produzem alterações e efeitos deletérios dose-dependentes nestes exames laboratoriais.(AU)

This work has evaluated the hematological and biochemical profile by the use of sodium diclofenac, meloxicam and firocoxib in Wistar rats. The rats were distributed in groups: G1 (control), G2 (diclofenac sodium: 15 mg/kg), G3 (meloxicam: 2.0 mg/ kg), G4 (meloxicam: 10.0 mg/ kg), G5 (firocoxib: 5.0 mg/ kg) e G6 (firocoxib: 25.0 mg/ kg). The drugs were administered intragastrically (gavage) once a day, during five days and evaluated in three moments: M1 (48 hours after the beginning of the treatment), M2 (96 hours after the beginning of the treatment) and M3 (72 hours after the ending of the treatment). In each moment of each group, five to seven animals were evaluated and laboratory exams were performed. There were no significant changes observed in the biochemical and hematological parameters by the use of meloxicam and firocoxib. One of the effects of the sodium diclofenac was eritrogram variation as hematocrit, erythrocytes, hemoglobin decrease during the treatment. In addition, the platelets and total white blood cells counts did not change except for basophil. There was no changes in AST, ALP, GGT, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium values. However, the values of protein, globulin and albumin decreased. It was concluded that diclofenac sodium does not provide large variations in the hemogram and biochemical profile than the meloxicam and firocoxib do not provide delletery effects in laboratories tests.(AU)

Uso de antiinflamatórios COX-2 seletivos em ratos (Rattus novergicus) Wistar

O uso de antiinflamatórios não esteroidais (AINEs) aumentou significativamente na clínica médica de pequenos animais após a descoberta de AINEs seletivos, e isso resultou em uma elevação da incidência de intoxicações por estes medicamentos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a histologia e o índice apoptótico hepático, níveis de citocinas séricas e fibrinogênio plasmático nos ratos tratados com diclofenaco, meloxicam e firocoxibe. Utilizaram-se 90 animais que foram divididos em seis grupos de 15 animais cada: G1 - controle: 0,3mL/100g de solução fisiológica; G2 - diclofenaco de sódio: 15mg/kg; G3 ? meloxicam: 2mg/kg; G4 ? meloxicam: 10mg/kg; G5 ? firocoxibe: 5mg/kg; G6 ? firocoxibe: 25mg/kg. A medicação foi realizada por meio de gavage, a cada 24 horas, por cinco dias. Após a eutanásia dos ratos, foram colhidos materiais para dosagens de fibrinogênio e citocinas, análise histopatológica e de apoptose hepática. Os ratos tratados com diclofenaco, meloxicam e firocoxibe não apresentaram diferença estatística em relação aos índices apoptóticos hepáticos. A concentração sérica de TNF-? foi semelhante em todos os grupos avaliados, e a IL-10 foi maior nos grupos tratados com os AINEs quando comparada ao grupo de solução fisiológica. O fibrinogênio plasmático elevou-se nos ratos tratados com diclofenaco e com meloxicam. As alterações histopatológicas foram mais frequentemente observadas nos animais que receberam diclofenaco e alterações leves, com o uso de meloxicam e firocoxibe. O meloxicam e o firocoxibe foram considerados AINEs seguros, pois não causaram alterações significativas nos ratos tratados com a dose recomendada e discreto grau de toxicidade no grupo tratado com cinco vezes a dosagem

The employ of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increased significantly in medical clinic of small animals after the discovery of NSAID selected and this effected in an increase of times of intoxications by these medicines. The present study aims to evaluate the histology and the hepatic apoptotic index, quantify serum dosage of cytokines and plasmatic fibrinogen in rats deal with diclofenac, meloxicam and firocoxibe. It were used 90 animals which they?re divided in six groups with 15 animals each one. G1- control: 0.3mL/100g physiologic solution; G2- diclofenac: 15mg/kg (positive control); G3- meloxicam: 2mg/kg; G4- meloxicam: 10mg/kg; G5- firocoxib: 05mg/kg; G6- firocoxib: 25mg/kg. Medication was administered though gavage every 24 hours by five days. After euthanasia of these rats, were cropped materials to dosing of fibrinogen, cytokines, hipathology and hepatic apoptosis. The rats which were under care with diclofenac, meloxicam and firocoxibe didn?t show difference statistics in report to the hepatic apoptotic index. TNF-? serum concentration was similar to all groups and IL-10 concentration was higher on the groups which were under care with the AINEs when were compared with the group of physiological solution. The plasma fibrinogen is elevated in rats treated with diclofenac and meloxicam. The most frequency histopathological changes were observed in animals that received diclofenac and mild changes, with the use of meloxicam and firocoxib. Meloxicam and firocoxib cam be considered NSAIDs safe, because they didn?t cause significatives alterations in the rats treated with the recommended dose and a slight degree of toxicity in the group treated with five times the dosage

Avaliações clínicas e laboratoriais da intoxicação experimental por veneno de sapo em cães

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os aspectos clínico, laboratorial, eletrocardiográfico de cães intoxicados por veneno de sapo, além de verificar a resposta ao tratamento com propranolol. Para tanto, foram utilizados 20 cães sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, sadios, divididos em 2 grupos: controle (n=5) e intoxicados com veneno de sapo (n=15). Os cães foram submetidos à indução anestésica com tiopental sódico IV e mantidos em anestesia volátil com isoflurano a 3% durante o período de avaliação e registro de dados (duas horas e meia). Neste período, os animais do grupo controle receberam somente placebo (solução fisiológica) e os do grupo Intoxicado receberam uma alíquota do veneno de sapo por sonda orogástrica. Os animais que apresentaram taquicardia ventricular foram tratados com propranolol a 0,5 mg/kg IV. Durante a avaliação foram observadas as alterações dos sinais clínicos, tais como: freqüência e ritmo cardíacos, sialorréia, irritação da mucosa oral, evacuação e micção, alterações respiratórias, coloração das mucosas, temperatura corpórea e freqüência de pulso. Também foi mensurada a pressão arterial (sistólica, diastólica e média) e colhido material para dosagem de marcadores cardíacos (CK-MB e TnIc), além de dosagem de eletrólitos plasmáticos (Na, K e Ca iônico) e os animais foram monitorados com eletrocardiógrafo para verificação de arritmias. Os resultados mostraram que a intoxicação por bufotoxina causa alterações cardiovasculares, como hipertensão e arritmias ventriculares (VPCs e TV); alterações neurológicas com sinais variáveis; alterações gastrointestinais com vômito, sialorréia, hiperemia da mucosa e diarréia. Além disso, os animais intoxicados apresentaram elevação de CK-MB e TnIc, mostrando lesão miocárdica aguda...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, laboratorial and eletrocardiographic aspects of the dogs intoxicated with toad venom, besides to check the answer to therapeutic with the use of propranolol. For this, were used 20 dogs without definitive breed, males and females, healthy, divided in two groups: Control (n=5) and Intoxicated with toad venom (n=15). These dogs were submitted to anesthesic induction with sodic thiopental IV and maintained in volatile anaesthesia with isoflurane 3% during the period of evaluation and value records (two and half hours). In this period, the Control group received only phisiologic solution and the Intoxicated group animals received a fraction of the toad venom through oro-gastric catheter. The animals that showed ventricular taquicardiac were treated with 0,5 mg/Kg Iv of propranolol. During the evaluation, was observed the present or not of these clinical signs: cardiac frequence and rhythm, profuse salivation, oral mucoses irritation, evacuation, urine, respiratory changes, color mucous, body temperature and pulse frequency. Also was mensured the arterial pressure (systolic, diastolic and medium) and was collected material by dosing cardiac markers (CK-MB and TnIc), besides dosing of eletrolyte plasmatics (Na, K and Ca ionic) and these animals were monitored with eletrocardiographic by cheking arrhythmias. The results showed that the intoxication by bufotoxin causes cardiovasculars alterations as hypertension and ventriculars arrhythmias (VPCs e TV), neurologics alterations with signs variables, digestive tract alterations as vomits, profuse salivation, hyperemic mucous membranes and diarrhoea. Besides, the intoxicated animals showed elevation of CK-MB and TnIc, showing sharp lesion of miocardic. Propranolol, in the dose utilized showed to be a medicine enough sufficient by treatment of ventryculars arrhythmias affronted by toad venom...