Canine oral osteocartilaginous malignant amelanotic melanoma with pulmonary metastasis

Background: Melanomas are typically malignant neoplasms commonly observed in the oral cavity of dogs. The classical presentation of melanomas with characteristic melanin pigmentation is easy to diagnose; however, in some cases, the lack of melanin production in the amelanotic oral tumors cause a delay in establishing the precocious diagnosis and consequent treatment. The aim of this report was to evaluate the histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of an oral amelanotic melanoma with osteocartilaginous formation and metastasis in a dog, in a temporal way.Case: A 10-year-old male German Shepherd dog, presenting mouth bleeding with an amelanotic melanoma located between the upper incisors was received at the Veterinary Hospital of the Catholic University Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. The animal was clinically evaluated and radiography was performed. The tumor was surgically removed and a sample was collected for histopathological examination that revealed spindloid and some epithelioid morphological cell types surrounded by a fibromatous matrix with moderate amounts of fibrovascular stroma. Approximately 1 month after surgical removal, recovery of the tumor was observed, and a second clinical analysis and collection of sample were performed. These procedures were repeated three times showing the same histopathological characteristics added by myxoid, chondroid, fibromatous tissue, and small groups of chondrocytes as well as central areas of irregular mineralized spicules. X-ray examination revealed proliferative and lytic bone infiltration in the jaw. Immunohistochemical analysis for melanocytic differentiation markers was performed showing positivity to Melan-A, tyrosinase and HMB-45 immunoreactivity, while no S100 reactivity was detected. After 11 months of the first biopsy, pleural effusion and radiopaque disseminated nodules of 1cm in the lungs were detected by X-ray. The animal died and necropsy was conducted.[...](AU)

Canine oral osteocartilaginous malignant amelanotic melanoma with pulmonary metastasis

Background: Melanomas are typically malignant neoplasms commonly observed in the oral cavity of dogs. The classical presentation of melanomas with characteristic melanin pigmentation is easy to diagnose; however, in some cases, the lack of melanin production in the amelanotic oral tumors cause a delay in establishing the precocious diagnosis and consequent treatment. The aim of this report was to evaluate the histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of an oral amelanotic melanoma with osteocartilaginous formation and metastasis in a dog, in a temporal way.Case: A 10-year-old male German Shepherd dog, presenting mouth bleeding with an amelanotic melanoma located between the upper incisors was received at the Veterinary Hospital of the Catholic University Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. The animal was clinically evaluated and radiography was performed. The tumor was surgically removed and a sample was collected for histopathological examination that revealed spindloid and some epithelioid morphological cell types surrounded by a fibromatous matrix with moderate amounts of fibrovascular stroma. Approximately 1 month after surgical removal, recovery of the tumor was observed, and a second clinical analysis and collection of sample were performed. These procedures were repeated three times showing the same histopathological characteristics added by myxoid, chondroid, fibromatous tissue, and small groups of chondrocytes as well as central areas of irregular mineralized spicules. X-ray examination revealed proliferative and lytic bone infiltration in the jaw. Immunohistochemical analysis for melanocytic differentiation markers was performed showing positivity to Melan-A, tyrosinase and HMB-45 immunoreactivity, while no S100 reactivity was detected. After 11 months of the first biopsy, pleural effusion and radiopaque disseminated nodules of 1cm in the lungs were detected by X-ray. The animal died and necropsy was conducted.[...]

Evaluation of sheep fed on multinutritional blocks with garlic extract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with three formulations of nutritional blocks and its consumption by 60 sheep from the Pantaneiro genetic group. The animals were weighed (35 kg ± 4.69) and separated into three groups of 20 each: G1 (control block), G2 (block with palatalising), and G3 (block + garlic extract). The solidified mineral supplement of silage of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) provided ad libitum had an estimated consumption of 0.6%/kg/day. The sheep were kept in pastures in a grazing system cultivated with the grass Brachiaria brizantha Marandu. The best performance was obtained by G2 (P < 0.05) for weight gain, with 105 g of feed conversion ratio 75% more efficient than G1 and 107% more efficient than G3. The provision of multinutrient blocks for sheep kept in pastures of U. brizantha Marandu contributed to the improvement of the animal"s nutritional status. Among the formulations tested, the block with palatalising showed the highest rate of food conversion. The block with garlic extract had an inhibitory effect on reinfection by gastrointestinal nematodes after 30 days.

Evaluation of sheep fed on multinutritional blocks with garlic extract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with three formulations of nutritional blocks and its consumption by 60 sheep from the Pantaneiro genetic group. The animals were weighed (35 kg ± 4.69) and separated into three groups of 20 each: G1 (control block), G2 (block with palatalising), and G3 (block + garlic extract). The solidified mineral supplement of silage of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) provided ad libitum had an estimated consumption of 0.6%/kg/day. The sheep were kept in pastures in a grazing system cultivated with the grass Brachiaria brizantha Marandu. The best performance was obtained by G2 (P < 0.05) for weight gain, with 105 g of feed conversion ratio 75% more efficient than G1 and 107% more efficient than G3. The provision of multinutrient blocks for sheep kept in pastures of U. brizantha Marandu contributed to the improvement of the animal"s nutritional status. Among the formulations tested, the block with palatalising showed the highest rate of food conversion. The block with garlic extract had an inhibitory effect on reinfection by gastrointestinal nematodes after 30 days.(AU)

Aerial parts of cassava as partial replacement for feed concentrates in the diet of lambs raised in semi-confinement / Parte aérea da mandioca em substituição parcial a alimentos concentrados na dieta de cordeiros

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic viability of including the aerial parts of cassava (PAM) in the feed of semi-confined lambs for partial reduction of food concentrates. Fifty-six sheep, including males and females of the Pantaneira genetic group weighing 18.84 ± 2.02 kg on an average were used. The experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with four treatments, each with seven females and seven males. Each group of 14 animals received one of four treatments: control, 10% of food concentrate in diet replaced with PAM, 20% replaced with PAM, and 30% replaced with PAM. The average total gain in weight (GWT) of the male lambs was 26.89% higher than the gains observed in females. Based on the cost analysis, we observed a linear effect (P < 0.01), i.e., a decrease in the feed cost for male and female groups with increase in PAM content. For the study period, the expenditure for the control male group was the highest at $ 17.60 per animal. Expenditure for the PAM 30 male group was the lowest at $ 12.74 per animal. These figures reflect the actual operating costs (COE), i.e., the power is 75.78% and 74.77%, for male and female groups respectively. The total cost, decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with PAM 30 treatment costing the least at $ 47.90, which was $ 7.02 lower than the control. When assessing the net margin per kilogram among the female groups, we observed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) with a maximum gain of 23.98% when adding PAM and $ 0.50 kg-1. Our results show that the raising of lambs in semi-confinement was economically viable, and the addition of the aerial part of processed cassava in the feed presented a higher economic return. Further, the addition of aerial parts of cassava did not affect the performance of the lambs.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e viabilidade econômica da inclusão da parte aérea de mandioca in natura na ração de cordeiros semi-confinados, em busca da redução parcial de alimentos concentrados. Foram utilizados 56 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 28 machos e 28 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84kg ± 2,02, avaliados durante os meses de janeiro a março de 2015, totalizando 65 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro tratamentos, cada um com 7 fêmeas e 7 machos, sendo que foram divididos de forma que os pesos e os animais fossem o mais homogêneos. Cada grupo de 14 animais recebeu um dos quatro tratamentos: Controle; tratamento com adição de 10% PAM em substituição ao concentrado; tratamento com adição de 20% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado e tratamento com adição de 30% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado. O valor de ganho médio total (GPT) dos cordeiros machos foi 26,89% superior aos ganhos observados no grupamento de fêmeas. Com base no centro de custos foi observado efeito linear (P < 0,01) decrescente no valor da alimentação para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea. Sendo o tratamento controle o maior dispêndio no período com R$ 56,86 animal-1 e o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor com R$ 41,17 animal-1 no grupamento de machos. Estes valores refletiram no custo operacional efetivo (COE), ou seja, a alimentação representa 75,78% e 74,77%, do COE para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea respectivamente. O custo total apresentou efeito linear (P < 0,05) decrescente, o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor apurado R$ 154,72. Resultando em redução no custo total em R$ 22,69 em relação ao tratamento controle (R$ 177,41). Ao se avaliar a margem liquida por quilo dentre o grupamento de fêmeas observou efeito quadrático (P < 0,01) com ponto de máxima em 23,98% de adição de PAM e valor em R$ 1,61 Kg ganho-1. [...](AU)

Análise econômica da alimentação de cordeiros confinados pela substituição parcial de concentrado pela parte aérea da mandioca / Economic analysis of feeding lambs confined by partial replacement of the concentrated by air part of cassava

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência da inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, substituindo-se parcialmente de alimentos concentrados, a fim de reduzir custos de produção. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Tecnologia de Ovinos (CTO), no município de Campo Grande - MS. Foram utilizados 28 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 14 machos e 14 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84 kg ± 2,02 durante 65 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados em método fatorial (2x2), com dois fatores, distribuídos em 7 fêmeas e 7 machos. As dietas recebidas foram: tratamento 1 – Controle e tratamento 2 – 10% Parte Aérea da Mandioca (PAM 10) em substituição ao concentrado, compondo dois fatores. A análise econômica do desempenho dos animais demonstrou os menores custos de alimentação, menores juros sobre o capital de giro e maior margem líquida para o tratamento PAM 10. Esse resultado permite concluir que inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, em substituição parcial de alimentos concentrados pode resultar em maior lucratividade.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inclusion of cassava raw in the diet of lambs, partially replacing concentrate food in order to reduce production costs. The experiment was conducted at Sheep Technology Centre, in Campo Grande - MS. 28 sheep were used in the Pantaneira race, 14 males and 14 females, mean age of 75 days, average weight 18.84 kg ± 2.02 for 65 days. The experimental design were in randomized blocks in a factorial method (2x2) with two factors, distributed in 7 females and 7 males. Received diets were: treatment 1 – control and treatment 2 – 10% Air Part of Cassava (PAM 10) replacing concentrate, comprising two factors. The economic analysis of animal performance demonstrated the lowest feeding costs, lower interest on working capital and higher net margin for the treatment PAM 10. These results allow us to conclude that inclusion of raw cassava in the diet of lambs in partial replacement of concentrate can result in higher profitability.

Análise econômica da alimentação de cordeiros confinados pela substituição parcial de concentrado pela parte aérea da mandioca / Economic analysis of feeding lambs confined by partial replacement of the concentrated by air part of cassava

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência da inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, substituindo-se parcialmente de alimentos concentrados, a fim de reduzir custos de produção. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Tecnologia de Ovinos (CTO), no município de Campo Grande - MS. Foram utilizados 28 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 14 machos e 14 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84 kg ± 2,02 durante 65 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados em método fatorial (2x2), com dois fatores, distribuídos em 7 fêmeas e 7 machos. As dietas recebidas foram: tratamento 1 Controle e tratamento 2 10% Parte Aérea da Mandioca (PAM 10) em substituição ao concentrado, compondo dois fatores. A análise econômica do desempenho dos animais demonstrou os menores custos de alimentação, menores juros sobre o capital de giro e maior margem líquida para o tratamento PAM 10. Esse resultado permite concluir que inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados, em substituição parcial de alimentos concentrados pode resultar em maior lucratividade.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inclusion of cassava raw in the diet of lambs, partially replacing concentrate food in order to reduce production costs. The experiment was conducted at Sheep Technology Centre, in Campo Grande - MS. 28 sheep were used in the Pantaneira race, 14 males and 14 females, mean age of 75 days, average weight 18.84 kg ± 2.02 for 65 days. The experimental design were in randomized blocks in a factorial method (2x2) with two factors, distributed in 7 females and 7 males. Received diets were: treatment 1 control and treatment 2 10% Air Part of Cassava (PAM 10) replacing concentrate, comprising two factors. The economic analysis of animal performance demonstrated the lowest feeding costs, lower interest on working capital and higher net margin for the treatment PAM 10. These results allow us to conclude that inclusion of raw cassava in the diet of lambs in partial replacement of concentrate can result in higher profitability.(AU)

Aerial parts of cassava as partial replacement for feed concentrates in the diet of lambs raised in semi-confinement / Parte aérea da mandioca em substituição parcial a alimentos concentrados na dieta de cordeiros

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and economic viability of including the aerial parts of cassava (PAM) in the feed of semi-confined lambs for partial reduction of food concentrates. Fifty-six sheep, including males and females of the Pantaneira genetic group weighing 18.84 ± 2.02 kg on an average were used. The experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with four treatments, each with seven females and seven males. Each group of 14 animals received one of four treatments: control, 10% of food concentrate in diet replaced with PAM, 20% replaced with PAM, and 30% replaced with PAM. The average total gain in weight (GWT) of the male lambs was 26.89% higher than the gains observed in females. Based on the cost analysis, we observed a linear effect (P < 0.01), i.e., a decrease in the feed cost for male and female groups with increase in PAM content. For the study period, the expenditure for the control male group was the highest at $ 17.60 per animal. Expenditure for the PAM 30 male group was the lowest at $ 12.74 per animal. These figures reflect the actual operating costs (COE), i.e., the power is 75.78% and 74.77%, for male and female groups respectively. The total cost, decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with PAM 30 treatment costing the least at $ 47.90, which was $ 7.02 lower than the control. When assessing the net margin per kilogram among the female groups, we observed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01) with a maximum gain of 23.98% when adding PAM and $ 0.50 kg-1. Our results show that the raising of lambs in semi-confinement was economically viable, and the addition of the aerial part of processed cassava in the feed presented a higher economic return. Further, the addition of aerial parts of cassava did not affect the performance of the lambs.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho produtivo e viabilidade econômica da inclusão da parte aérea de mandioca in natura na ração de cordeiros semi-confinados, em busca da redução parcial de alimentos concentrados. Foram utilizados 56 ovinos da raça Pantaneira, sendo 28 machos e 28 fêmeas, com idade média de 75 dias, pesos médios de 18,84kg ± 2,02, avaliados durante os meses de janeiro a março de 2015, totalizando 65 dias. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados com quatro tratamentos, cada um com 7 fêmeas e 7 machos, sendo que foram divididos de forma que os pesos e os animais fossem o mais homogêneos. Cada grupo de 14 animais recebeu um dos quatro tratamentos: Controle; tratamento com adição de 10% PAM em substituição ao concentrado; tratamento com adição de 20% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado e tratamento com adição de 30% de PAM em substituição ao concentrado. O valor de ganho médio total (GPT) dos cordeiros machos foi 26,89% superior aos ganhos observados no grupamento de fêmeas. Com base no centro de custos foi observado efeito linear (P < 0,01) decrescente no valor da alimentação para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea. Sendo o tratamento controle o maior dispêndio no período com R$ 56,86 animal-1 e o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor com R$ 41,17 animal-1 no grupamento de machos. Estes valores refletiram no custo operacional efetivo (COE), ou seja, a alimentação representa 75,78% e 74,77%, do COE para os grupamentos de macho e fêmea respectivamente. O custo total apresentou efeito linear (P < 0,05) decrescente, o tratamento PAM 30 o menor valor apurado R$ 154,72. Resultando em redução no custo total em R$ 22,69 em relação ao tratamento controle (R$ 177,41). Ao se avaliar a margem liquida por quilo dentre o grupamento de fêmeas observou efeito quadrático (P < 0,01) com ponto de máxima em 23,98% de adição de PAM e valor em R$ 1,61 Kg ganho-1. [...]