Resumo
Acupuncture derives from traditional Chinese medicine, which aims to restore homeostasis. The action mechanism of this technique involves stimulation of certain points on the skin by inserting a needle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of stimulation of acupoints C7 and PC6 on the heart rate variability, heart rate and heart rhythm in healthy dogs. 30 male and female adult dogs were used, with no breed restriction. The animals were analyzed at two different times in weekly intervals. Firstly were applied needles in the true acupoints, and on the second time we applied needles in false acupoints. Previously to the acupuncture an ECG with 2 minutes of recorder was performed, and after an insertion of needles the electrocardiographic recording was maintained during the 30 minutes of acupuncture. Results showed no significant difference between the HR when comparing true and false acupoints (p = 0.890). For heart rate variability a small difference was observed between the groups (p = 0.0051), however, when comparing the baseline with 15 and 25 minutes of monitoring in the false acupoint group, no significant results were found when compared with true acupoint. In conclusion, it is suggested that the stimulation of acupoints C-7 and PC-6 in healthy dogs does not promote change in sympathovagal balance, specifically on the heart rate variability, heart rate and heart rhythm on healthy dogs.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Pontos de Acupuntura , Terapia por Acupuntura/veterinária , Frequência Cardíaca , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático , Sistema Nervoso SimpáticoResumo
Acupuncture derives from traditional Chinese medicine, which aims to restore homeostasis. The action mechanism of this technique involves stimulation of certain points on the skin by inserting a needle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of stimulation of acupoints C7 and PC6 on the heart rate variability, heart rate and heart rhythm in healthy dogs. 30 male and female adult dogs were used, with no breed restriction. The animals were analyzed at two different times in weekly intervals. Firstly were applied needles in the true acupoints, and on the second time we applied needles in false acupoints. Previously to the acupuncture an ECG with 2 minutes of recorder was performed, and after an insertion of needles the electrocardiographic recording was maintained during the 30 minutes of acupuncture. Results showed no significant difference between the HR when comparing true and false acupoints (p = 0.890). For heart rate variability a small difference was observed between the groups (p = 0.0051), however, when comparing the baseline with 15 and 25 minutes of monitoring in the false acupoint group, no significant results were found when compared with true acupoint. In conclusion, it is suggested that the stimulation of acupoints C-7 and PC-6 in healthy dogs does not promote change in sympathovagal balance, specifically on the heart rate variability, heart rate and heart rhythm on healthy dogs.
Resumo
A eletrocardiografia computadorizada é mais precisa e prática quando comparada à convencional e por essa razão vem ganhando espaço na rotina clínica. No entanto os valores de referência devem diferir para os dois métodos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar e comparar o exame eletrocardiográfico computadorizado com o exame obtido pelo método convencional em equinos. O estudo demonstrou diferenças na amplitude da onda P (P<0,0001) com valor médio de 0,21 mV para o método convencional e 0,17 mV para o computadorizado; duração do intervalo PR (p=0,0005), tendo o valor médio de 260,49 ms para o método convencional e 242,37 ms para o informatizado e duração do complexo QRS (p=0,0003), sendo a média de valores para o método convencional de 75,61ms e 84,83 ms para o computadorizado. Essas diferenças devem ser levadas em consideração com o intuito de evitar equívocos na interpretação da eletrocardiografia na espécie equina.(AU)
Computerized electrocardiography has been gaining space in clinic routines because it is more practical and precise when compared to the conventional method. However, their reference values may differ from each other. The aim of this paper was to analyze and compare computerized and conventional electrocardiography in horses. Differences were observed between P wave amplitude (P<0001) with a mean of 0.21mV in the conventional method and 0.17mV in the computerized method, PR interval duration (p=0.0005) with a mean of 260.49 ms and 242.37 ms in the conventional and computerized methods respectively, and QRS complex duration (p=0.0003) with a mean of 75.61 ms in the conventional method and 84.83 ms in the computerized method. These differences should be taken into consideration in order to avoid misunderstandings in the interpretation of the electrocardiogram in equine species.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cavalos , Eletrocardiografia , Informática Médica/tendências , Informática Médica/métodos , Exames Médicos/análiseResumo
A pressão arterial (PA) é definida pela força exercida pelo sangue por unidade de superfície da parede vascular, refletindo a interação do débito cardíaco com a resistência periférica sistêmica. A pressão sistólica representa a mais alta pressão nas artérias, sendo associada com a sístole ventricular cardíaca. A aferição indireta da pressão arterial ainda é subutilizada na medicina equina, mas oscilações já foram descritas em casos de cólica, laminite e epistaxe. São diversas as formas de aferição usadas, destacando-se as técnicas invasivas e não invasivas (oscilométrica e guiada pelo uso do Doppler). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do exercício físico (marcha) sobre os valores registrados para pressão arterial sistólica em equinos. Foram avaliados 10 equinos da raça Mangalarga Marchador, com idade de 6,7 ± 2,95 anos e peso médio de 426,60 ± 32,44 Kg, sendo quatro machos e seis fêmeas. Procedeu-se avaliação indireta da PA por método oscilométrico em dois diferentes momentos: repouso (T0) e com 5 minutos (T1) após o término do exercício, representado por 40 minutos de marcha. Os resultados foram analisados através da comparação entre médias (teste-t), considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Foram registrados valores CUCV (valores coccígeos não corrigidos) de 147±7 mmHg e 169±9 mmHg, respectivamente nos momentos T0 e T1. A análise dos resultados demonstrou que a marcha influenciou de forma significativa os valores registrados para pressão arterial sistólica (p<0,0001) e esse aumento pode ser justificado pela elevação do débito cardíaco em função da intensidade do exercício. Tal variável poderia ser um índice cardíaco utilizado para avaliar a condição física cavalos.
Arterial blood pressure can be defined by the blood pressure per surface unit of vascular wall, reflecting the interaction between cardiac output and peripherical vascular resistance. Systolic arterial pressure is the highest value on arteries, being associated with cardiac ventricular systole. Indirect blood pressure measurement is infrequently carried out in horses, but variations from normal have been reported in colic, laminitis and epistaxis. A number of methods for indirectly measuring arterial blood pressure have been reported including invasive and non-invasive (oscillometric and ultrasonic-Doppler) techniques. The aim of this study was evaluate the influence of physical exercise (marcha gait) on values of systolic arterial pressure in horses. The study included ten adult Mangalarga Marchador horses (four males and six females) with mean weight of 426.60 ± 32.44 Kg and mean age of 6.7 ± 2.95 years old. Indirect measurements were obtained by oscillometric method in two different moments: rest (T0) and 5 minutes (T1) after the exercise. Comparisons between the moments were made using t-test and a value of p<0.05 was considered significant for all comparisons. Coccygeal, uncorrected values (CUCV) were 147±7 mmHg and 169±9 mmHg, respectively, at T0 and T1. The results showed that marcha gait leaded to significantly increase on systolic arterial pressure (p<0.0001) and this occurred because of an increase of cardiac output due exercise. This clinical parameter could be used as a cardiac index for the evaluation of athletic horses.
Assuntos
Animais , Cavalos/anormalidades , Cavalos/sangueResumo
A pressão arterial (PA) é definida pela força exercida pelo sangue por unidade de superfície da parede vascular, refletindo a interação do débito cardíaco com a resistência periférica sistêmica. A pressão sistólica representa a mais alta pressão nas artérias, sendo associada com a sístole ventricular cardíaca. A aferição indireta da pressão arterial ainda é subutilizada na medicina equina, mas oscilações já foram descritas em casos de cólica, laminite e epistaxe. São diversas as formas de aferição usadas, destacando-se as técnicas invasivas e não invasivas (oscilométrica e guiada pelo uso do Doppler). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do exercício físico (marcha) sobre os valores registrados para pressão arterial sistólica em equinos. Foram avaliados 10 equinos da raça Mangalarga Marchador, com idade de 6,7 ± 2,95 anos e peso médio de 426,60 ± 32,44 Kg, sendo quatro machos e seis fêmeas. Procedeu-se avaliação indireta da PA por método oscilométrico em dois diferentes momentos: repouso (T0) e com 5 minutos (T1) após o término do exercício, representado por 40 minutos de marcha. Os resultados foram analisados através da comparação entre médias (teste-t), considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Foram registrados valores CUCV (valores coccígeos não corrigidos) de 147±7 mmHg e 169±9 mmHg, respectivamente nos momentos T0 e T1. A análise dos resultados demonstrou que a marcha influenciou de forma significativa os valores registrados para pressão arterial sistólica (p<0,0001) e esse aumento pode ser justificado pela elevação do débito cardíaco em função da intensidade do exercício. Tal variável poderia ser um índice cardíaco utilizado para avaliar a condição física cavalos.(AU)
Arterial blood pressure can be defined by the blood pressure per surface unit of vascular wall, reflecting the interaction between cardiac output and peripherical vascular resistance. Systolic arterial pressure is the highest value on arteries, being associated with cardiac ventricular systole. Indirect blood pressure measurement is infrequently carried out in horses, but variations from normal have been reported in colic, laminitis and epistaxis. A number of methods for indirectly measuring arterial blood pressure have been reported including invasive and non-invasive (oscillometric and ultrasonic-Doppler) techniques. The aim of this study was evaluate the influence of physical exercise (marcha gait) on values of systolic arterial pressure in horses. The study included ten adult Mangalarga Marchador horses (four males and six females) with mean weight of 426.60 ± 32.44 Kg and mean age of 6.7 ± 2.95 years old. Indirect measurements were obtained by oscillometric method in two different moments: rest (T0) and 5 minutes (T1) after the exercise. Comparisons between the moments were made using t-test and a value of p<0.05 was considered significant for all comparisons. Coccygeal, uncorrected values (CUCV) were 147±7 mmHg and 169±9 mmHg, respectively, at T0 and T1. The results showed that marcha gait leaded to significantly increase on systolic arterial pressure (p<0.0001) and this occurred because of an increase of cardiac output due exercise. This clinical parameter could be used as a cardiac index for the evaluation of athletic horses.(AU)